全国海船船员11新规则考试（轮机部（轮机英语））试题及答案（四）.doc

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1、试题下载 全国海船船员11新规则考试（轮机部（轮机英语）试题及答案（四）第二部分 船舶辅助机械第五章 分油机、穿压机和海水液化装置1.One of the reasons that caused oil flowed from sludge outlet of a self-cleaning separator is( ).A.seal water supply be cut offB.make-up water supply be cut offC.oil outlet valve closed or not open sufficientlyD.the flow rate of oily

2、water is too much答案：B解析：自动排渣分油机排渣口跑油的原因之一是补偿水被切断。2.( )can cause oil flow from sludge outlet of self cleaning separator.A.Too much sludge accumulated in separator bowlB.Diameter of gravity disc too largeC.High level tank lack of waterD.Oil input too rapidly答案：C解析：accumulate:积累.bowl：分离筒，滚筒【译文】：自动排渣分油机

3、高置水箱缺水会引起排渣口跑油。3.( )can cause oil flow from water outlet of a separator.A.Oil inlet valve opening too quicklyB.Oil temperature little higher than normalC.Diameter of gravity disc too smallD.Viscosity of oil little lower than normal答案：A解析：viscosity:黏度【译文】：分油机进油阀开启速度太快会引起出水口跑油。4.( )can not cause oil f

4、low from water outlet of self cleaning separator.A.Oil temperature too highB.Diameter of gravity too largeC.Oil temperature too lowD.High level tank out of water答案：D解析：自动排渣分油机高置水箱缺水不会引起出水口跑油。5.The separating effect of oil separator is not very good, the reason may be( ).A.too little seal waterB.impr

5、oper gravity discC.oil discharging pump not working very wellD.low water level of the working water答案：B解析：improper:不合适的【译文】：分油机的分离效果不理想，其原因可能是比重环选择不当。6.To ensure oil separator working in normal condition, the interval between two sludge dischargings should not exceed( ).A.2 hrsB.4 hrsC.5 hrsD.6 hrs答

6、案：B解析：exceed:超过【译文】：为确保分油机工作正常，两次排渣的间隔不应超过4h。7.When stopping the oil separator, you should( ) firstly.A.cut off the powerB.cut off the oil inletC.open guide water valveD.close oil outlet valve答案：B解析：当停止分油机工作时，应先切断进油。8.When separating fuel oil in oil separator, the separating quantity is( ) of the ra

7、ted quantity.A.100%B.80%C.1/2D.1/3答案：C解析：分油机分离燃油时，分离量应为额定分离量的1/2。9.When separating lube oil in oil separator, the optimal separating quantity is( )of the rated quantity on name plate.A.100%B.1/2C.1/5D.1/3答案：D解析：optimal：最佳的【译文】：分油机分离滑油时，最佳分离量应为铭牌上额定分离量的1/3。10.When separating the lube oil without addi

8、tive, it is usually cleaned with hot water;the aim is to remove( )from it.A.acidB.sludgeC.mechanical impurityD.salinity答案：A解析：additive：添加剂；aim:目标，针对；acid：酸；impurity：杂质；salinity：盐度【译文】：分离不含添加剂的滑油时，通常使用热水，其目的是为了去除油中的酸。11.A centrifuge of which the bowl is arranged as the upper and lower parts separate

9、discharges the sludge( ).A.by opening the separator manuallyB.by separating the lower part from the upper part automaticallyC.by separating the tipper part from the lower part automaticallyD.continuously答案：B解析：centrifuge：离心式分油机.bowl:分离筒，滚筒；arrange：布置，安排；man-ually：用手地【译文】：离心分油机分离筒被布置成上下两个独立的部分，通过自动从上

10、半部分脱离下半部分实现排渣。12.A centrifuge will satisfactorily remove which of the following contaminants from fuel oil?( )A.GasolineB.WaterC.Lubricating oilD.Sulphur compounds答案：B解析：centrifuge：离心式分油机；contaminant：污染物；gasoline：汽油；sulfur/sulphur：硫；compound：复合，化合【译文】：离心分离机能清除燃油中的水分。13.Before the sludge in a purifie

11、r is ejected, ( ).A.the oil feeding is stopped and replaced by admitting flushing waterB.tKe flushing water feeding is stopped and replaced by admitting oilC.the feeding of dirty oil and flushing water is stoppedD.the feeding of dirty oil and flushing water is admitted答案：A解析：eject：喷出；feed：供给；flush:冲

12、洗【译文】：在分水机排渣前，停止给油，通人冲洗水。14.For optimum results, centrifugal purification of heavy fuel oil should be accomplished with the fuel at the lowest practicable( ).A.throughputB.additive percentC.cetane numberD.TBN答案：A解析：optimum:最佳；centrifugal：离心的；accomplish：完成；practicable：切实可行的；throughput：生产量，排量，吞吐量；addi

13、tive：添加剂；cetane：十六烷；TBN:总碱值【译文】：为了使分离效果达到最佳，离心式燃油分油机应使分油量尽可能小。15.Heavy residual fuel oils are heated prior to centrifuging to( ).A.reduce fuel oil weightB.increase specific gravityC.separate fuel from lube oilD.reduce fuel viscosity答案：D解析：specific:比的，特定的，具体的；viscosity：黏度【译文】：重渣油在进行离心分离之前进行加热是为了降低燃油黏

14、度。16.High-speed rotation in a centrifugal purifier can produce a force( )the force of gravity.A.many thousand times larger thanB.the same asC.many thousand times smallerD.None of the above答案：A解析：centrifugal:离心的【译文】：离心式分油机高速旋转时产生的离心力比重力大几千倍。17.If fuel oil were being discharged from the waste water ou

15、tlet of a fuel oil disk type centrifuge, operated as separator, you should( ).A.remove the discharge ringB.re-prime the purifierC.the centrifuge to its proper speedD.install an additional discharge ring答案：B解析：centrifuge:离心式分油机；additional:附加的【译文】：如果燃油从盘片式离心分油机的出水口流出，应重新对分油机实施水封。18.If oils density wer

16、e greater than waters, the oil separator( ).A.did workB.would work wellC.didnt workD.wouldnt work答案：D解析：density:密度【译文】：如果油的密度比水大，分油机便不能工作。19.If the bowl of a disk type centrifugal purifier when operated as a separator is not primed, the( ).A.oil has a tendency to emulsify in the bowlB.purifier will

17、act as a clarifier at the discharge ringC.oil will be lost through the water discharge portsD.oil solids will be deposited only at the intermediate top disk答案：C解析：bowl：分离筒，滚筒；centrifugal：离心的；tendency：趋势；emulsify：乳化；clarifier：分杂机；deposit：沉积；intermediate：中间【译文】：如果离心式分水机没有灌注水封水，会出现出水口跑油现象。20.Impurities

18、 in the fuel oil will affect the operation of the engine, which has( )the use of separator and some other devices.A.brought aboutB.caused forC.resulted fromD.led答案：A解析：impurity:杂质；affect：影响【译文】：燃油中的杂质会影响发动机的运行，该问题促成分油机和其他一些设备的使用。21.In a bypass type lubrication system for a diesel engine, the dirty o

19、il line to the centrifuge should be taken from the( ).A.lube oil pump suction lineB.lube oil pump discharge lineC.bottom of the lube oil sumpD.outlet from the lube oil header答案：C解析：centrifuge：离心式分油机；sump：油底壳；header：联箱，标题【译文】：在柴油机旁通式润滑系统中，通向分油机的脏油管路应来自于油底壳的底部。22.In a disk-type lubricating oil purifie

20、r, ( ).A.the purifier driving gears are lubricated by the reclaimed oil as it leaves the bowlB.all dirt and sludge are automatically discharged with the cooling waterC.sealing water must never be supplied until after oil is fed to the unitD.deterioration of the bowl ring gasket will cause the purifi

21、er to lose its water seal答案：D解析：reclaim：回收，收回；bowl：分离筒，滚筒；feed：供给；deterioration：恶化；gasket：垫片【译文】：盘片式滑油分油机中分离筒的环形垫圈损坏会引起分油机失去水封。23.In a purifier, the interface between the liquid seal and the oil should be positioned as close as possible to( ).A.the outlet of oilB.the outlet of waterC.the bowl periph

22、eryD.the center of bowl答案：C解析：interface：界面；bowl：分离筒，滚筒；periphery：周边【译文】：分水机中，油水界面应尽可能靠近分离筒四周。24.Main engines as well as auxiliary engines operating on heavy fuel should have continuous ( )on the lubricating oil, either according to the bypass or batch principles.A.filteringB.centrifugingC.depositing

23、D.operating答案：B解析：auxiliary：辅助；batch：一批；principle：原理；deposit：沉积【译文】：船舶柴油机燃用重质燃油，应对其滑油进行连续性的分离处理，可以是旁路处理，也可以是批量处理。25.Modern centrifuge designs enable continuous over a considerable period of time.This is achieved by( ) which is timed to discharge the sludge at regular intervals.A.an injection process

24、B.an ejection processC.a separation processD.a heating process答案：B解析：centrifuge：离心式分油机；considerable：相当多；achieve：完成，实现；ejec-tion：喷出【译文】：现代分油机被设计为可长时间连续工作，这是通过定期排渣来实现的。26.One engine manufacturer recommends heavy fuel oil should not be heated above 80 to 95 (176 to 203) before purification.This upper l

25、imit should be observed to ensure against( ).A.flattening of the bowl neoprene OringsB.operation within the explosive range of the fuelC.excessive purifier operating pressuresD.excessive oil viscosity答案：B解析：manufacturer：制造商；recommend：建议；flat：使平坦；bowl：分离简，滚筒；neoprene：氯丁橡胶；explosive：爆炸的；viscosity：黏度【译

26、文】：发动机制造商建议重油在净化，之前不应该被加热到80到95(176到203)以上，应该遵守该上限以确保不在燃油爆炸极限范围内工作。27.Sediment collects in a tubular purifier( ).A.on top coverB.on sides of bowlC.in drain line on the discsD.on the discs答案：B解析：sediment：沉积物；tubular：管状的；bowl：分离筒，滚筒；drain：放残【译文】：分水机的沉淀物积聚在分离筒的边上。28.The cleaned heated oil, after passin

27、g through the centrifuges, is to be pumped to a( ).A.settling tankB.service tankC.ballast tankD.drain tank答案：B解析：drain:放残【译文】：燃油经过分油机后，被泵到日用油柜。29.The interface between the liquid seal (water) and the oil should be positioned ( )possible to the bowl periphery.A.as far asB.as soon asC.as close asD.as

28、closer as答案：C解析：interface：界面.bowl：分离筒，滚筒；periphery：周边【译文】：分油机中油水分界面应定位在尽可能靠近分离筒四周的位置。30.The most effective method in removing water from diesel fuel oil is by( ).A.centrifuging the fuelB.using it in the engineC.heating the fuel tanksD.starting the fuel答案：A解析：从柴油中分离出水分的最有效的方法是离心分离。31.The operating wa

29、ter is supplied under the( )of an oil separator.A.sliding bowl bottomB.bowl hoodC.bowlD.filter units答案：A解析：bowl：分离筒，滚筒.hood：罩盖【译文】：工作水从分油机滑动底盘下供给。32.The position of the interface between oil and water within the centrifuge is achieved by the use of( ).A.gravity discB.centrifugal bowlC.a stack of dis

30、csD.main sealing ring答案：A解析：interface：界面；centrifuge：离心式分油机；achieve：完成，实现；centrifu-gal:离心的.bowl：分离筒，滚筒；stack：堆，许多【译文】：离心式分油机中，油水分界面的位置是通过使用比重环来实现的。33.The size of the discharge ring used for the efficient operation of a,disk type purifier is dependent upon the( ).A.rated capacity of that purifierB.vis

31、cosity of the oil being purifiedC.maximum design speed of that purifierD.specific gravity of the oil being purified答案：D解析：capacity：能力，容量；viscosity：黏度；specific：特定的，具体的【译文】：盘片式分油机的比重环大小应根据需净化的油的比重选择。34.The( )has a water damp ring.A.purifierB.oil/water separatorC.incineratorD.distiller答案：A解析：damp：潮湿的；i

32、ncinerator：焚烧炉；distiller：造水机【译文】：分水机有比重环。35.The( )is not a component of an oil separator.A.sliding bowl bottomB.gravity discC.separating discD.scum valve答案：D解析：bowl:分离筒，滚筒；scum:浮渣【译文】：上排污阀不是分油机的部件。36.The( )of the gravity disc is too big.It cause oil to flow through the water outlet.We changed the di

33、sc and no oil is found in the water outlet.A.gravityB.diameterC.circumferenceD.cylinder答案：B解析：circumference:圆周【译文】：分油机比重环直径过大会引起出水口跑油(即水中带油)。更换比重环后出水口就没油了。37.To receive oil residues from the purification of fuel and lubricating oils in the machinery spaces,what kind of tank(s) should be provided on

34、board?( )A.Bilge tankB.Sludge tankC.Overflow tankD.Oil collecting tank答案：B解析：船舶上要配备污油(泥)柜来存放机舱燃油和润油处理产生的杂质(油渣)。38.To start the ejection process the oil feed to the centrifuge is first shut off and the oil remaining in the bowl removed by admitting( ).A.flashing waterB.operating oilC.flushing waterD.

35、sealing water答案：C解析：ejection:喷出；feed:供给；centrifuge：离心式分油机；bowl：分离筒，滚筒；flash：闪发，飞边；flush:冲洗【译文】：开始排渣冲洗时，应首先切断向分油机供油，残留在分离筒内的油通过注入冲洗水去除。39.When centrifuging heavy fuel oil, an important factor to consider is the( ).(1)flow rate; (2) viscosity of the fuel oil.A.(l)onlyB.(2) onlyC.Both (1) and (2)D.Neit

36、her (1) nor (2)答案：C解析：factor:因素；consider：考虑；viscosity：黏度【译文】：当离心式分离重质燃油时，应考虑油的流量和黏度等因素。40.Whether using a centrifuge or a simple filter, oil cleaning and filtration will be the most effective when the oil is at a( ).A.high temperature and a high viscosityB.high temperature and a low viscosityC.low t

37、emperature and a high viscosityD.low temperature and a low viscosity答案：B解析：centrifuge：离心式分油机；filtration：过滤；viscosity：黏度【译文】：温度较高、黏度较低时，油更易净化和过滤。41.Which factor determines the ring dam size for a fuel oil, tubular bowl type, centrifugal purifier? ( ).A.The viscosity of the fuelB.The quantity of water

38、 to be removed from the fuelC.The specific gravity of the fuelD.The quantity of dirt to be removed from the fuel答案：C解析：factor：因素；dam:阻碍物，坝；tubular：管状的；bowl：分离筒，滚筒；cen-trifugal：离心的；viscosity：黏度；specific：比的，特定的，具体的【译文】：哪个因素决定了分油机比重环的尺寸？燃油的比重。42.Which of the following influences the position of the int

39、erface between the liquid seal and the oil in a purifier?( )A.Height of the machineB.Temperature of the liquid sealC.Gravity discD.Bowl diameter答案：C解析：interface：界面；height：高度.bowl：分离筒，滚筒【译文】：比重环会影响分油机中的油水分界面。43.Which of the following problems will occur if a disc-type centrifugal lube oil purifier is

40、 not properly primed prior to admitting oil flow to the bowl?( )A.Contamination of the lube oil by emulsification will result.B.The lube oil willnot be subjected to the proper centrifugal force.C.The lube oil will overheat and flash.D.Oil will discharge from the heavy phase discharge port and be was

41、ted.答案：D解析：centrifugal:离心的；bowl:分离筒，滚筒；contamination：污染；emulsifica-tion：乳化；flash:闪发，飞边；phase：相，方面【译文】：如果一个盘片式滑油离心分油机没有被(预先)注水燃油就进入分离筒，会引起下列哪个故障发生？滑油将会从重相排出口排出，从而造成浪费。44.Which of the substances listed can be satisfactorily removed from diesel fuel by centri-fuging?( )A.SludgeB.GasolineC.Fuel oilD.Lub

42、e oil答案：A解析：gasoline:汽油【译文】：借助于离心式分离，下列哪种物质能够从柴油中被很好的去除掉？污泥。45.Which of the substances listed is satisfactorily removed from the fuel by a centrifugal oil purifier?( )A.ImpuritiesB.Lube oilC.GasolineD.Diesel fuel答案：A解析：centrifugal:离心的；impurity:杂质；gasoline：汽油【译文】：离心式燃油分油机能较理想地去除物理杂质。46.We use( )to di

43、still fresh water from sea water.A.engineB.sea water pumpC.cylinder coolerD.fresh water generator答案：D解析：distill：蒸馏；fresh water generator：造水机【译文】：使用造水机从海水中蒸馏淡水。47.The fresh water generator produces fresh water( ).A.by cooling sea waterB.by heating sea waterC.by evaporation of sea waterD.by purifying

44、sea water答案：C解析：fresh water generator:造水机【译文】：造水机通过蒸发海水的方式来产生淡水。48.The designed capacity is 25 tons a day, but the fresh water generator can only ( )22 tons at present.A.consumeB.distillC.runD.operate答案：B解析：distill：蒸馏；fresh water generator：造水机【译文】：造水机的设计蒸馏能力是每天25 t，但目前每天只能蒸馏22 t。49.The process of bo

45、iling seawater in order to separate it into freshwater vapor and brine is usually defined as( ).A.dehydrationB.condensationC.evaporationD.dissolution答案：C解析：brine：海水【译文】：海水沸腾并分离成淡水蒸汽和盐水的过程称为“蒸发”。50.In the production of freshwater from seawater through a process of heating and Cooling, the cooling pha

46、se of production is usually called( ).A.evaporationB.distillationC.dehydrationD.condensation答案：D解析：通过加热和冷却的方法从海水中制取淡水，其冷却过程称为“冷凝”。51.( )is the production of pure water from sea water by evaporation and re-condensing.A.EvaporationB.CirculationC.CondensationD.Distillation答案：D解析：distillation：蒸馏【译文】：通过蒸

47、发和再冷凝从海水中制取淡水的过程称为“蒸馏”。52.The process during which liquid containing a reasonable amount of sensible heat at a particular pressure immediately changes into steam after admitted to a chamber at a lower pressure is called( ).A.boiling offB.flash evaporationC.condensationD.None of the above答案：B解析：sensible heat:显热；flash evaporation：闪蒸【译文】：在特定的压力下，具有一定显