2008年11月翻译专业资格考试（英语三级笔译实务）真题及答案.doc

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1、试题下载 2008年11月翻译专业资格考试（英语三级笔译实务）真题及答案Section 1 English-Chinese Translation（英译汉）(50 points)Translate the following passage into Chinese.LONGYEARBYEN, Norway-With plant species disappearing at an alarming rate, scientists and governments are creating a global network of plant banks to store seeds and s

2、prouts, precious genetic resources that may be needed for man to adapt the worlds food supply to climate change.This week, the flagship of that effort, the Global Seed Vault near here, received its first seeds, millions of them. Bored into the middle of a frozen Arctic mountain topped with snow, the

3、 vaults goal is to store and protect samples of every type of seed from every seed collection in the world.As of Thursday, thousands of neatly stacked and labeled gray boxes of seeds - peas from Nigeria, corn from Mexico - reside in this glazed cavelike structure, forming a sort of backup hard drive

4、, in case natural disasters or human errors erase the seeds from the outside world.Descending almost 500 feet under the permafrost, the entrance tunnel to the seed vault is designed to withstand bomb blasts and earthquakes. An automated digital monitoring system controls temperature and provides sec

5、urity akin to a missile silo or Fort Knox. No one person has all the codes for entrance.The Global Vault is part of a broader effort to gather and systematize information about plants and their genes, which climate change experts say may indeed prove more valuable than gold. In Leuven, Belgium, scie

6、ntists are scouring the world for banana samples and preserving their shoots in liquid nitrogen before they become extinct. A similar effort is under way in France on coffee plants. A number of plants, most from the tropics, do not produce seeds that can be stored.For years, a hodgepodge network of

7、seed banks has been amassing seed and shoot collections in a haphazard manner. Labs in Mexico banked corn species. Those in Nigeria banked cassava. Now these scattershot efforts are being urgently consolidated and systematized, in part because of better technology to preserve plant genes and in part

8、 because of the rising alarm about climate change and its impact on world food production.We started thinking about this post-9/11 and on the heels of Hurricane Katrina, said Cary Fowler, president of the Global Crop Diversity Trust, a nonprofit group that runs the vault. Everyone was saying, why di

9、dnt anyone prepare for a hurricane before? We knew it was going to happen.Well, we are losing biodiversity every day - its a kind of drip, drip, drip. Its also inevitable. We need to do something about it.This week the urgency of the problem was underscored as wheat prices rose to record highs and w

10、heat stores dropped to the lowest level in 35 years. A series of droughts and new diseases cut wheat production in many parts of the world. The erosion of plants genetic resources is really going fast, said Dr. Rony Swennen, head of the division of crop biotechnology at the Catholic University of Le

11、uven in Belgium, who has preserved half of the worlds 1,200 banana types. Were at a critical moment and if we dont act fast, were going to lose a lot of plants that we may need.The United Nations International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources, ratified in 2004, created a formal global network for b

12、anking and sharing seeds, as well as for studying their genetic traits. Last year, its database received thousands of new seeds.A system of plant banks could be crucial in responding to climate crises since it could identify genetic material and plant strains better able to cope with a changed envir

13、onment.Here at the Global Vault, hundreds of gray boxes containing seeds from places ranging from Syria to Mexico were moved this week into a freezing vault to be placed in suspended animation. They harbor a vast range of qualities, like the ability to withstand drier, warmer climate.答案：挪威朗伊尔城随着植物物种

14、正在以骇人听闻的速度灭绝，科学家和各国政府正在创建全球网络性的植物库来储存种子和苗芽。人类可以利用这些珍贵的种芽资源确保充足的食物供应，以应对气候变化。本周，作为这种不懈努力的旗舰机构，“全球种子地库”接收了首批数百万种的种子。该地库建于北极的一座白雪皑皑的大山之中，其目标是储存和保护世界各地收藏的各类种子样本。截至周四，成千上万个堆放整齐且贴有标签的灰色种盒在上釉的洞穴式结构中安家落户，如尼日利亚的豌豆、墨西哥的玉米。这些盒子就如已经备份了的电脑硬盘，以防世界上的植物物种会因自然灾害和人为破坏而消失。通往种子地库的入口隧道，位于永冻带下约500英尺处，其设计旨在防御爆炸和地震。自动化数字监控

15、系统用于控制温度并提供类似导弹发射井或福特诺克斯军事基地的安全保障。任何人都不单独拥有进入种子库的全部密码。目前，世界上很多人士致力于收集种子及其种子基因的信息并使之系统化，全球种子地库是这种全球性努力的的一个缩影。气候变化专家称，这些信息要比金子还要贵重。在比利时的鲁汶，科学家正在搜集世界上的香蕉样本并将香蕉芽保存在液体氮中，以防其灭绝。法国也正在进行类似的努力，保护咖啡物种。很多植物，大多数是来自热带地区的植物，无法通过种子繁殖，不能产生可供储存的种子。多年来，很多庞杂的种子库网络一直以随意的方式收集种子和苗芽。例如，墨西哥的实验室收藏玉米种，尼日利亚的实验室收藏木薯种。现在，正对这些分散

16、的努力进行亟需的整合和系统化操作。之所以可以这样做，部分原因是储存植物基因技术的更新，部分原因是气候变化的警钟继续长鸣及其对世界粮食产量的影响。卡里福勒是一家负责管理种子库的非营利性组织全球作物多样性托管会的总裁，他说：“我们是在911事件之后、尤其是卡特里娜飓风之后，开始有这个构想的。”他还说：“每个人都在问：“为什么事先不作好迎接飓风的准备呢？我们明明知道会发生飓风的。”他指出：“喏，我们每天都在损失生物多样性一点一滴地在损失。这种损失没有止步的迹象，我们必须为此做点什么。”本周，由于小麦价格上升到最高纪录水平和小麦储存量下滑到35年来最低水平，更加突出了这个问题的紧迫性。由于一连串的干旱

17、及新的疾病，世界很多地方的小麦产量下降。罗尼斯文奈恩博士现任比利时鲁汶天主教大学作物生物技术部主任，他保存了世界上1200种香蕉种的一半以上。斯文奈恩博士说：“植物基因资源正在受到快速侵蚀。”他还指出：“我们正处于关键时刻，如果不迅速采取行动，我们将失去很多我们需要的植物物种。”已于2004年获得批准的联合国国际植物基因资源条约创建了一个正式的全球网络，旨在对种子进行储存和共享并对其遗传特征进行研究。去年，有成千上万的新种子在其数据库安家落户。由于植物库系统能够识别出那些对环境变化适应能力较强的基因物质和植物种类，因而这种系统能在应对气候危机中发挥至关重要的作用。本周，数以百计的装有种子的灰色

18、盒子从叙利亚墨西哥等地运至全球种子地库，藏于这个冷冻库之中。储存在这里的种子具有很多特性，如能够抵御较为干燥和较为温暖的气候。Section 2 Chinese-English Translation（汉译英）(50 points)Translate the following passage into English.30年来，国际局势风云变幻，改革任务艰巨繁重，党和人民经历和战胜了前所未有的严峻考验和挑战。我们从容应对一系列关系我国主权和安全的国际突发事件，战胜在政治、经济领域和自然界出现的困难和风险。无论是面对东欧剧变、苏联解体和国内严重政治风波，还是面对西化、分化图谋和所谓的“制裁”，

19、无论是面对历史罕见的洪涝、雨雪冰冻、地震等重大自然灾害和非典等重大疫病，还是面对亚洲金融危机和当前这场国际金融危机，党和人民始终同心同德、奋勇向前。特别是在决定党和国家前途命运的重大历史关头，我们党紧紧依靠全国各族人民，坚持党的十一届三中全会以来的路线不动摇，排除各种干扰，坚定不移地捍卫中国特色社会主义伟大事业，保证了改革开放和社会主义现代化建设航船始终沿着正确方向破浪前进。今年以来，抗击南方部分地区严重低温雨雪冰冻灾害和四川汶川特大地震灾害斗争取得重大胜利，北京奥运会、残奥会圆满成功，神舟七号载人航天飞行任务顺利完成，应对国际金融危机取得积极成效，这些都生动展现了在改革开放中不断发展壮大的中

20、国共产党和中国社会主义国家政权的伟大力量，展现了阔步前进的13亿中国人民的伟大力量，展现了改革开放的伟大力量，展现了中国特色社会主义的伟大力量。答案：Over the past 30 years, our party and people have withstood the unprecedented trials and challenge that the international situation changed rapidly and the reform tasks were arduous and onerous. We have successfully coped wit

21、h the international emergencies in relation with Chinas sovereignty and security, while overcome difficulties and dangers occurred from political, economic affairs to natural disasters. No matter facing the drastic change of Eastern Europe, the disintegration of Soviet Union, or the domestic politic

22、al disturbance, no matter facing the attempt of westernize, polarization, or the so-called sanction, no matter facing the unwonted natural disasters of flood, snowstorm, earthquake, or epidemic such as SARS, no matter facing the Asian financial crisis or the current global financial crisis, the Part

23、y andpeople always work hard with one heart and one mind, and fight ahead.Especially, at the crucial historic moment that determined the future and fate of our Party and country, our Party has unswervingly insisted on the path that has been planned at the Third Plenary Session of the 1 lth CPC Centr

24、al Committee by depending on the support from people of all ethnic groups. So we can exclude all kinds of interference, we can uphold the road of building socialism with Chinese characteristics, we can guarantee the correct route of reform and opening up, and the correct road of socialist modernizat

25、ion.Over the last year, we have made great efforts on coping with the heavy snowfall in South China and the magnitude of earthquake in Wenchuan, Sichuan Province, held the Beijing Olympics and Paralympics successfully, seen the perfect launch mission of Shenzhou VII manned spacecraft, and acquired t

26、he significant achievement of coping with the global financial crisis. All these have vividly demonstrated the great power of CPC and socialist Chinese government which are growing stronger in the process of reform and opening up, the great power of 1.3 billion Chinese people who are stepping forward, the great power of reform and opening up, the great power of socialist with Chinese characteristics.3