汉英翻译技巧.doc

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1、Four short words sum up what has lifted most successful individuals above the crowd: a little bit more.-author-date汉英翻译技巧Chapter2翻译磨刀石Chapter2翻译磨刀石对等译法1，好教徒 a faithful Christian 2，好父母 a loving parent3，好儿女 an obedient child4，好妻子 a virtuous wife5，好丈夫 a dutiful husband6，好学生 a hardworking student7，大风 st

2、rong wind8，大雾 thick fog9，大雨 heavy rain二，翻译1，只有当双方谈话投机，希望继续交往时，才会主动掏出名片。Only when they find much in common and hope to keep in touch later on, will they offer their cards.2，再例如，作为一个中国人，经书不可不读。我年过三十才知道读书自修的重要。Another example. The reading of Chinese classics is a must for all Chinese. Nevertheless,it w

3、as not until I was over 30 that I came to realize the importance of self- study in the matter of classics.，寄语年轻朋友，千万要持之以恒的从事运动，这不是嬉戏，不是浪费时间。健康的身体是做人做事的真正本钱。Dear young friends, my advice to you is:Do physical exercises perseveringly. That has nothing to do with merry-making or time-wasting. Good heal

4、th is the wherewithal for a successful life and career.三，对等译法翻译浑水摸鱼 fish in troubled waters称心如意 be after ones own heart皮包骨头 skin and bones 一触即发 touch and go一语道破 hit the nail on the head出人头地be head and shoulders above others充耳不闻 turn a deaf ear to破釜沉舟 burn ones boat视而不见 turn a blind eye to大海捞针 look f

5、or a needle in a bundle of hay四，对等译法翻译熟能生巧 Practice makes perfect.欲速则不达 More haste, less speed出门一里，不如家里 East or west, home is best拉入篮里就是菜 All in fish that comes to the net皇天不负有心人 Everything comes to him who waits小巫见大巫 The moon is not seen when the sun shines三思而后行 Look before you leap无风不起浪 There is n

6、o smoke without fire増词译法一，就是小孩也能回答这个问题。Even a child can answer this question.这是我们团的团长。This is a head of our delegation.他把报纸搁在一边，打开无线电。He put the paper aside and turned on the radio.中国人民勤劳勇敢。The Chinese people are industrious and brave.我们应当相信群众。We must have faith in the masses.指南针是中国发明的。The compass w

7、as invented in China.月亮绕着地球转。The moon moves around the earth.二，请把练习本交上来。Hand in your exercise-books, please.我不能用英语表达思想。I cant express myself in English.自由主义观有各种表现。Liberalism manifests itself in various ways.不要过分劳累。Dont overwork yourself.我想借此机会想你们表达我们的感谢。I wish to avail myself of this opportunity to

8、express our gratitude to you.三，他们意气风发。They are in high spirits.他们喜形于色。They beamed with joy.他眼明手快。He is quick of eye and deft of hand.这篇文章浅显易懂。This article is easy to read and understand.我对他敬而远之。I stood aloof from him.四，这本书很受青年们的欢迎。The book is very popular among young people.他问到了你的病情。She inquired abo

9、ut your illness.这座山海拔1000英尺。The mountain is 1,000 feet above the sea level.出去时随手关门。Shut the door after you go out.一点钟开饭。Dinner was at one oclock.我们为你们取得的每一次胜利感到欢欣鼓舞。We rejoice at every victory you win.五，发展体育运动，增强人民体质。Promote physical culture and build up the peoples health.老少男女都参加了战斗。Men and women,

10、old and young, all joined in the battle.我们工作一不为名，二不为利。We worked neither for fame nor for personal again.我们要趁热打铁。We should strike while the iron is hot.我要在这里待到我学习结束为止。I shall stay here until Ive completely my studies.六，凭你有李，杜的文，颜，曾的行，确实也没一个人来问你。You might have the genius of Li Bai or Du Fu, who was a

11、great poet in the Tang Dynasty,and the moral worth of Yan Hui or Zeng Shen- both of them were disciples of Confucius, no one would ask your advice.班门弄斧 to show off ones proficiency with the ax before Lu Ban the master carpenter.济公劫富济贫。 Jigong Robin Hood in China, robbed the rich and helped the poor.

12、百花齐放 let a hundred flowers bloom, permit the airing of conflicting views黑孩子 black children, who are born in violation of Chinas one-child policy减词译法一，改革开放扭转了经济停滞不前的局面。Reform and and opening-up reversed the stagnation of national economy.他的粗鲁行为是我很震惊。His rudeness shocked me.他担任了鲁迅作品的翻译任务。He has undert

13、aken /taken up the translation of Lu Xuns works.出口物资不得超过限定范围。The export is not permitted to exceed its limit.讨论的范围涉及中美关系。The discussion covers Sino-US relations.1969年夏天，政府公开主场缓和同中国的紧张关系。In the summer of 1969, the Administration publicly urged an easing of tensions with China.他的傲慢态度使谁都不喜欢他。His arroga

14、nce made everyone dislike him.现在节育生育已成为一种可行的办法了。Noe birth control became a possibility.中国在全国范围内开展污染防治工作和环境保护活动。China is carrying out nationwide pollution control and environmental protection.会议中，双方集中讨论了保护知识产权的问题。During the talk, their discussion centered around the protection of intellectual propert

15、ies rights.促进和平统一事业。Promote peaceful reunification.今年上半年进出口计划的执行情况，也是很好的。Our import-export in the first half of this year has gone very well.二，双方认为应把中美关系放在世界范围来看，应着眼于未来，着眼于21世纪。The two sides held that Sino-US relations should be viewed in a global context and from a perspective of the future and the

16、 21st century in particular.出现问题也容易纠正和改正。When problems emerge, they can be easily put right.远近、长短、大小、高矮Distance,length, size,height增强自立意识，竞争意识，效率意识，民主法律意识而后开拓创新意识。Increase the awareness about self-reliance, competition, efficiency, and democracy and the rule of law, as well as the pioneering and inn

17、ovation spirit.沉默啊！沉默！不在沉默中爆发，就在沉默中灭亡。Silence,silence!Unless we burst out, we shall perish in this silence.生产力是最活跃，最革命的因素，是社会发展的最终决定力量。Productive forces are the most dynamic and the most revolutionary factors as well as the ultimate decisive force of social development.中国共产党必须始终代表中国先进生产力的发展要求。代表中国先进

18、文化的前进方向，代表全国最广大人民的根本利益。Our party must always represent the development trend of Chinas advanced productive forces;the orientation of chinas advanced culture, and the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of people in China.三，我进去看了，只记得门卫是个瑞士士兵，穿着黄色制服，别的没有印象了。I went there to have a look.

19、All I remember now is that the guards at the entrance were Swiss soldiers in yellow uniforms.我们需要从其他国家进口先进工艺设备。We need to import advanced industrial equipment.过去的经验告诉我们.Past experiences teach us.那是个骗人的幌子。That is a facade.艰苦奋斗的知识要贯彻始终。We must adhere to the principle of plain living and hard struggle.

20、我们要大力发扬求真务实，勇于创新的知识。We must carry forward and promote the spirit of practicality, truth-seeking and courage in innovation.这就彻底打破了他华而不实的梦想。This shattered his illusion.我们强烈要求美国政府就这次事件向中国郑重道歉。We demand that US government apologize to China for this incident.鼓励国内外投资者到中西部投资。Encourage both Chinese and ove

21、rseas investments in the central and western regions.合并译法一，运用合并译法翻译。花言巧语 fine words油嘴滑舌 glib tongue精疲力竭 exhausted吞吞吐吐 stumbling调兵遣将 move forces破釜沉舟 burn ones boat二，结合合并译法翻译。我们就要有这个雄心壮志。We must have this ambition.我穿上我那身破烂衣服，钻到那空甜桶里去呆着，这才发现自己自由自在，心满意足。I got into my old rags and my sugar-hogshead again

22、,and was free and satisfied.这5场演出是场场爆满，座无虚席，许多观众只好立足观看。Each of the five performances enjoyed a full house,with many spectators having to stand.他决心洗心革面，脱胎换骨。He is determined to turn over a new leaf.他从小就认真读书，刻苦学习。He worked hard at his studies even in early childhood.海峡两岸的中国人民都是骨肉同胞，手足兄弟。The Chinese on

23、 both sides of the TaiWan Straits are of the same flesh and blood.全体员工精诚团结，上下一心。All the staff unite in absolute sincerity.你来之前，我无所事事，只是游手好闲，逢场作戏。Before you came, I did nothing but idle and drift into anything that offered itself.他想远走高飞，免得心烦。He sought the distraction of distance.转性译法3他们的意见并没什么不同。Ther

24、e is no difference in their views.24我们感到解决这个复杂的问题是困难的。We found difficulty in solving this complicated problem.25代表们一致表示反对核武器。The delegates unanimously expressed their determination to oppose the nuclear weapons.26他的新书十分成功。His new book is a great success.27他惊讶地望着我。He looked at me in amazement.28阳光普照大

25、地。The sun shines over the earth.29那消息很快传遍全世界。The news quickly spread throughout the world.30他的声音响彻整个屋子。Her voice rings through the house.31这里人烟稠密。This area is densely populated.32我们政府对留学国外的学生很关心。Our government shows great concern for the Chinese students abroad.33他们热烈欢迎这位著名的作家。They give this famous

26、writer a warm welcome.34她不得已当了导游。She acted as a reluctant tourist guide.35她急切地希望看到他。She has a strong desire to see him.36我会立即回复。I will give an immediate reply.37独立思考对学习是绝对必要的。Independent thinking is an absolute necessity in study.38氧是物质世界的重要元素之一，它的化学反应很强。Oxygen is one of the important elements in th

27、e physical world;it is very active chemically.39这种举止是罪犯的心理特征。This kind of behavior characterizes the criminal mind.40地球的形状像一个大球。The earth is shaped like a big ball.41他的目标是要成为一个成功的作家。He aims to be a successful writer.42这咖啡有点巧克力的味道。This coffee tastes of chocolate.43学生们都应该德智体全面发展。All the students shoul

28、d develop morally,intellectually and physically,44雄伟的人民大会堂给我们留下了深刻的印象。The magnificent Great Hall of the People impressed us tremendously.45如果旅馆都满客了，我们可以给你提供住处。We can house you if the hotels are full.46无知和疏忽是这错误的原因。Ignorance and negligence has cause this mistake.47橄榄枝是和平的象征。Oliver branch symbolizes p

29、eace.48我们应该尊老爱幼。We should respect the old and love the young.换型译法63-请问，我能要点一杯清咖啡加糖吗？Can I have a cup of black coffee with sugar,please?-也给我一杯清咖啡加糖。Give me the same please,64当钟指向三点的时候，伊丽莎白觉得他必须要走了。但是她很不愿意离开。While the clock struck three,Elizabeth felt that she must go;and very unwillingly she said so.

30、65-你喜欢这个茶壶吗？Would you like this teapot?-不喜欢，我想要一个方形的茶壶。No ,I want a square one.66实现了千百年来围湖造田、与湖争地到大规模退田还湖的历史性转变。-This represented a great shift from the centuries-long history of reclaiming farmland from lakes to restoring it to them on a large scale.67这是我唱的关键车间，设备还是比较齐全的。这些机械设备的上方，我们还装配了冷却通风设备，供暖设备

31、以及通讯设备等。This is the key workshop in our factory.Here we have comparatively complete equipment.Cooling-fan installations,heating devices and communications facilities are also equipped over those machineries.68我同你一样不知道。I do not know any more than you do.69他不常发牢骚,不过他发牢骚时，人们也不大理睬。He didnt often grumble

32、 ,and when he did,no one paid much attention to him.70他起得很早，且一向如此。He rose early, as he had always done.71尽管大部分人都向他鞠躬，但是他们一边鞠躬一边向地上吐吐沫。Although most of the people bowed to him,they spat into the dirt as they did so.72彼得加入了我们组，我不知道戴维是不是会加入我们组。Peter is joining our group.I am not sure whether David will

33、 do so or not.73我答应了给他买票，我一定要买到票。I promised to get a ticket for him and i will do so.74人们说首相不久就要解散国会，并进行新的选举。他是否这么干，本人深表怀疑。They say that the prime minister will soon dissolve parliament and call for new elections.i doubt very much if he well do so!褒贬译法90人群 gathering assembly /crowd/ mob肥胖的 portly ov

34、erweight tubby苗条的slim slender slim/ underweight thin fleshy /skinny gaunt lanky 朋友comrade friend crony 作家man of letter /writer wordmonger 坚持persevere continue persist91他热衷于个人名利。He is always hankering after personal fame and gains.92他热衷于花样滑冰。She is fond of figure skating.93他贩卖皮货。He is in the fur trad

35、e.94你这是在贩卖民族虚无主义。You are peddling national nihilism.95他与侵略者合作，出卖了自己的国家。He collaborated with invaders and betrayed his motherland.96我们应加强合作。We should enhance our mutual cooperation.97他醉心于医学研究。He is deeply engrossed in medical research.98那个人醉心名利。That chap is infatuated with fame and fortune.99坚决制止新的毁林

36、开荒。It shall be strictly prohibited that more forests and pastures be turned onto farmland.100中国的经济是一个大问题。Chinas economy is a major question.101这个犟孩子不肯听父母的劝告。That stubborn boy refused to listen to his parents advice.102他以顽强的毅力完成了这项工作。He accomplished the work with stubborn effort.Chapter6 直译1声东击西 shou

37、t in the east and strike in the west2 刻骨铭心be engraved on ones heart and bones3 狗仗人势be like a dog counting on its masters backing 4呼风唤雨summon wind and rain 5口腹蜜剑be honey-mouthed and dagger-hearted 6屡教不改fail to mend ones way after repeated admontion7指鹿为马feel just like a fish in water8草木皆兵every bush an

38、d tree looks like an enemy9冰清玉洁be pure like jade and clear like ice10指鹿为马 call a stag a horse意译1虚怀若谷be very modest and extremely open-minded2如虎添翼with might redoubled3冷若冰霜be cold in manner4唇枪舌战heated verbal exchange or debate5甕中捉鳖be hopeless like a rat in a hole6南柯一梦illusory joy;fond dream 7噤若寒蝉keep

39、quiet out of fear8指腹为婚the two had been engaged to each other before they were born9杯弓蛇影 extremely suspicious10背井离乡leave ones native place against ones will对等译法1顺水推舟sail with the wind2一丘之貉birds of a feather3七上八下at sixes and sevens4大发雷霆hit the ceiling5非驴非马neither fish,flesh nor fowl6日暮途穷at the end of

40、ones rope7毛骨悚然make ones hair stand on end8本末倒置put the cart before the horse9改弦易辙dance to another tune10 画蛇添足paint the lily历史故事类 1完璧归赵return sth to its owner in good condition2三顾茅庐repeatedly request somebody to take up a responsible post3负荆请罪offer a humble apology4纸上谈兵be an armchair strategist5 指鹿为马d

41、eliberately misrepresent6 沉鱼落雁 be exceedingly beautiful7老骥伏枥able men tied down to a routine post8画龙点睛add the touch that brings a work of art to life9洛阳纸贵overwhelming popularity of a new book10 入木三分 with bitter incisiveness寓言故事1拔苗助长pull up the rice shoots with the intention of helping them to grow2 亡

42、羊补牢lock the stable door after the horse has bolted3坐井观天look at the sky from the bottom of a well 4掩耳盗铃plug ones ears while stealing a bell 5杀鸡儆猴kill the chicken to frighten the monkey6狐假虎威bully people by flaunting ones powerful connections7刻舟求剑be stubbornly unimaginative8叶公好龙professed love of what o

43、ne actually fears9守株待兔trust to chance and windfalls10 画饼充饥 feed on illusions 翻译磨刀石 1畅销sell like hot cakes 2抄近路cut corners3出身显贵be born in the purple4出卖某人sell sb down the river5 饭桶poor tool 6思维敏捷think on ones feet7放下架子get off ones high horse8放心breathe again9非常紧张with ones heart in ones mouth10非常健康fit a

44、s a fiddle11雷声大，雨点小much cry and little wool 12穷困潦倒be down and out 13设身处地put oneself in sb s shoes 14使某人降级kick sb downstairs15使某人难堪take the wind out of sb s sails 16讨厌have no use for17体会言外之意read between the lines18偷鸡不成蚀把米go for wool and come home shorn 19投身于thrown oneself in 20说大话talk big 21改变立场chang

45、e ones ground 22改过自新mend ones ways23话中有话with the tongue in the cheek 24禁止put the lid on 25拘泥礼节stand on ceremony 26 决定性时刻zero hour 27埋头读书have ones nose in a book 28撵走某人send sb packing29扭转局势turn the tide 30弄清楚 make head or tail of汉语谚语的翻译103独木不成林 one tree does not make a forest.104恭敬不如从命obedience is be

46、tter than politeness. 105百闻不如一见 it is better to see once than to hear a hundred times.割鸡焉用牛刀 why make unnecessarily great efforts to do trivial things as using a butchers ox-cleaver to kill a chicken?106智者千虑必有一失 even the wise are not always free from error.107不在其位不谋其政 he who is not in a particular o

47、ffice has nothing to do with plans for administration of its duties.108差之毫厘，谬以千里a minimal error or deviation results in wide divergence. 109道高一尺魔高一丈 as virtue rises one foot,vice rises ten.110得道多助失道寡助a just cause enjoys abundant support. 工欲善其事必先利其器 as artisan must first sharpen his tools if he is to

48、 do his work well.111时不我待time and tide waits for no man.言多必失the least said,the soonest mended 滴水穿石constant dropping wears away a stone.112 山中无老虎猴子称大王when the cat is away,the mice will play. 113近朱者赤近墨者黑 he that lives with cripples learns to limp.114天网恢恢疏而不漏the mills of god grind slowly but sure. 一言既出驷