裕兴新概念英语第二册完美打印版笔记-第40课.doc

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1、Four short words sum up what has lifted most successful individuals above the crowd: a little bit more.-author-date裕兴新概念英语第二册完美打印版笔记-第40课裕兴新概念英语第二册完美打印版笔记-第40课Lesson 40 Food and talk进餐与交谈单词讲解hostess n女主人host1)n待客的主人hostess 女主人the host nation 东道国，主办国例: China is the host nation of the 2008 0lympic Gam

2、es.中国时2008奥运会的主办国。Who will play host to the next Olympic Games?谁将举办下一届奥运会。2) n在上作主人，招待例: The Parwells are such good hosts.巴维尔一家非常热情好客。He acted as host to his fathers friends.他作为主人招待他父亲的朋友。3) n旅店的老板，酒店老板landlord男老板；landlady 女老板waiter服务员 waitresshost 男主人 hostess 女主人prince prins 王子 princess prinses公主ac

3、tor 男演员actress女演员hospitable adj乐于待客的好客的hospitality n好客：殷勤待客hostile adj敌意的，不友好的hostility n敌意，敌对unsmiling adj不笑的，严肃的un:否定前缀unhappy 不快乐的unlucky 不走运的uncomfortable 不舒服的unsure 无把握的unsparing 不吝惜的，不宽恕的unsteady 不坚固的；不稳的untrue 不真实的 unused 不习惯的smiling adj 微笑的laughing adj 笑脸laughing faces 笑脸be no laughing matte

4、r 不是开玩笑的事a smiling policeman 一个微笑的警察a smiling face 一个笑脸smile1) n微笑，笑容，喜色force a smile 强颜欢笑wear a smile 面带笑容例：She was all smiles她满面笑容。a bewitching smile 令人销魂的一笑bewitching adj 使人心醉的，使人着迷的a benevolent smile 和蔼可亲的微笑benevolent adj.好心肠的，与人为善的a charming smile 妩媚的笑a ghastly smile 惨笑ghastly adj苍白的；恐怖的a grim

5、smile狞笑grimgrim adj讨厌的，糟糕的；严厉的；严酷的a bitter smile苦笑bitter adj充满仇恨的：令人不快的：有苦味的2) v微笑smile at sb 对。ot微笑smile on sb7sth 对表示赞成或鼓励例：She smiled at his threats 她对他的威胁一笑置之。Fortune smiled on us. 我们交了好运.smile ones tears away 破涕为笑laugh笑，发笑（笑出声）sneer 嗤笑，嘲笑，讥笑（流露出高人一等，轻蔑的表情）gringrin 咧着嘴笑，呲着牙笑ridicule ridikju:l 嘲弄

6、，嘲笑laugh atsmirk 傻笑(通常含着自鸣得意或幸灾乐祸之意）tight1) adj.紧的、不松的(反义词loose)a tight black dress 黑色的紧身衣a tight knot 系的很紧的结These shoes are too tight for me这些鞋对我来说大太挤挤脚了His fingers were tight on my arm他紧紧抓住我的手臂。a tight schedule 紧凑的日程安排a tight match 势均力敌的比赛 或a close match2)adj.小气的，憋闷的 A miser is tight with his mone

7、y.一个小气鬼对钱是很吝音的。Her throat was tight with fear她因恐怖而感到喉咙堵塞。tightentaitnv使变紧，使绷紧反义词 loosentighten up a screw 旋紧螺丝钉tighten one s belt省吃俭用例: The police are tightening up on safety for the Queen s visit.警方为了女皇的来访正在加强安全保护措施。fasten 使固定blacken 使变黑whiten 使变白tighten V使变紧是绷紧tie V系，扎，与打成平局tie fast 系紧fix1)V（使）固定，

8、安装，修理，整理例: The date is not completely fixed.日期还没有完全确定at the fixed time在规定的时间Can the garage man fix over the engine?修理厂的人能修好发动机吗？He fixed up the broken chair他修好那把坏椅子了。2)v全神贯注于尤指凝视fix one s eyes on sth 全神贯注凝视某事fix one s attention on sth 全神贯注于或者说fix ones thought on sthStare 瞪着眼睛看,盯着看glare 怒视，恶狠狠地盯着glar

9、e at sb/sthglance：take a quick look瞥一眼， 看一下gaze geiz 久久地凝视，注视（通常指团惊讶或赞赏）look at 看globe n球，球状物；地球(earth);地球仪circle the globe 环地球一圈all over the globe 全世界global adj 全球的环球的a global tour 环球旅行everybody wishes for global peace.每个人都渴望全球和平。 globalize v，使全球化globalize the economy 使经济全球化globalize the culture 使文

10、化全球化globalization n全球化modern adj时髦的，现代化的modernize V使现代化modernization n.现代化real adj真的realize v 是成为真的realization n 实现despair n绝望，失望(反义词hope)in despair绝望地despairingly例: He gave in to the enemy in despair.他绝望的向敌人投降了。He left his hometown in despair.他绝望的离开了故乡。drive a person to despair /throw a person to d

11、espair使某人陷入绝望We will hew out of the mountain of despair a stonc of hope.我们将把绝望的大山筑成块希望的大石。despairing adj.绝望的a despairing look绝望的表情despairingly adv.二、关键句型Key Structuresif引导的条件句1真实条件句：对将来可能发生的事情的假设，主句中用将来时或祈使句，从句用现代时。例: If he is out, I ll call tomorrow.如果他不在的话我明天再打电话吧。Youll miss the train if you don t

12、 hurry.要是你不抓紧的话，你就会错过火车的。If I have time, I ll write to him tomorrow.要是我有时间的话我明天会给他写信的。Please dont disturb him if he is busy.要是他忙的话不要打扰他。2非真实条件句（虚拟语气）if从句谈论想象的情况，主句则推测想象的结果，再从句中要用动词的过去时，主句时would do，如果if从句的动词时be，那么无论从句主语是低级人称，统统用were的形式。l) If you went to the exhibition you would enjoy it.如果你去展览的话你会喜欢的

13、。2) If you saw him now you wouldnt recognize him.要是你现在看到他的话你根本认不出来他。3) Would he get annoyed if I told him about it?要是我告诉他的话他会恼火吗？4) If I were in your position, -I would act differently.要是我住你的位置上我会做的不一样的。5） He would help if he were here.要是他在这的话，他会帮忙的。6) If you could make him change his mind you would

14、 save him a lot of trouble.要是你能改变他的注意的话，他会省去很多麻烦的。Exercise用正确时态填空：l)He would enjoy this if he_ (be) present.答案:were2)She can do better if she_(try)答案:tries3)1f play with matches, you_ (burn) your fingers.答案：will burn4)1f you broke this window, you _(have to)pay for it.答案：would have to5)1f you_ (lose

15、) your way, you would have to ask a Policeman答案：lost6) If you_ (not apologize) , he will never speak to you again.窄筝妄芝：don t apologize7) If he _(be)clever, he would not have any difficulty.答案：were8)What would you do if you_ (win)a lot of money?答案：won三、课文讲解TextLast week at a dinner party, the hostess

16、 asked me to sit next to Mrs. Rumbold.at a dinner party在宴会上面/at a banquet/at a feastnext to1)（场所，价值，顺序等）最接近的，住旁边的，紧接着的At the dinner party, I sat next to a large lady.在宴会上面，我坐在一个身材高大的女士旁边。2)在后面 跟在之后例: Birmingham is the largest city in Britain next to London.伯明翰是英国次于伦敦的第二大城市。I am next to nobody in the

17、 text 我考试得了第一名。I came next to last in the exam我考试得了倒数第二名。Mrs. Rumbold was a large, unsmiling lady in a tight black dress.in prep穿戴（衣物等）dressed in rags clothed in rags 衣衫槛褛the man in the hat戴着帽子的男的the woman in white穿着白衣服的女士例：She is in high-heel shoes 她穿着高跟鞋。She did not even look up when I took my sea

18、t beside her.even甚至，连（通常置于所修饰的词前面，若修饰动词，则应放在助动词后实义动词前）Even a child can answer such an easy question.甚至连一个孩子都能回答这个问题。He wants me to work even late at night.就连深夜他也要我工作。The man couldnt even write his own name.这个人甚至连自己的名字都不会写。even修饰比较级still例: This book is interesting, but that one is even more interesti

19、ng这本书很有趣，那本书甚至更加有趣。look up1)查看，查阅词典例: I looked up the word in my dictionary.我在字典里查阅这个词。2)抬头看，向下看3)（生意等）看好，好转take one s seat 坐上指定的席位take a seat 坐一下，就座have a seatl)v坐下例：Please be seated. 请坐Sit down, pleaseseat oneself 坐下He seated himself next to her他坐在她的旁边。2)v容纳（hold)例：This theatre seats 2000 people。这

20、个剧院能容纳2000人。beside -next to在旁边Her eyes were fixed on her plate and a shout time, she was busy eating.be busy at sth be busy with sth 忙于某事be busy(in)doing sth 忙于做某事例：She is busy at her homework 她忙着写作业呢。She is busy at her wedding. 她忙于准备婚礼。She is busy writing letters她忙于写信。as busy as a bee 忙个不停busybody

21、爱管闲事的人I tried to make conversation.make conversation 闲谈, 聊天try to think of things to sayinformal conversation 不拘礼节的交谈I had a conversation over drinks with him.我边喝酒边和他聊天。talk谈话（比较严肃）talk with /to sb 和谁谈话He refused to talk with me.He refused to talk to me. 他拒绝和我谈话I am talking seriously 我是说正经的。make用法总结

22、：I tried to make conversation with her.我试图找个话题来聊一聊。When she had made the beds, she went downstairs.当她整理好床铺之后，她下楼了。You mustnt make so much noise.你不要制造这么多噪音。I made a promise never to see him again.我发誓再也不见他了。Hes the sort of person who always makes trouble.他是那类总惹麻烦的人。He is learning English but he hasnt

23、made much progress.他正在学英语但是没有取得多少进步。He made a lot of money in South America.他在南美洲赚了很多钱。was asked to make speech 我被要求做演讲。I II never make the same mistake agaln.我再也不会犯相同的错误了。I found it difficult to make up my mind.我发现下定决心很难。像make这样的词，很常见，被视为万能词，再如do的用法：He always does his best他总是尽力而为。When did do your h

24、omework? 你什么时候做作业呢？Do me a favor please? 帮我一个忙好吗？I did a few jobs about the house.我干点儿家务活。I can t do any more work today今天已经不能再于活了。I want you to do Exercise 24 0n page 16.我想让你做16也的练习24。工did a lot of shopping yesterday我昨天买了很多东西。That shop does very good business.那家商店生意很好。The new teacher didnt know wha

25、t to do with the class.这个新老师不知道该拿这个班怎么办了。I lI do the dishes，mommy 妈妈我来洗碗A new play is coming to The Globe soon, I said Will you be seeing it?will be doing用将来进行时询问别人的计划，打算，比一般将来时更显礼貌。Will you be spending your holidays abroad this year?你今年会出国度假吗？Will you be staying in England? 您呆在英国吗？Will you be havin

26、g supper with us this evening?您今天晚上跟我们一块吃饭吗？No, she answeredWill you be spending your holidays abroad this year? I askedNo, she answeredWill You be staying in England? I askedNo, she answeredIn despair, I asked her whether she was enjoying her dinner.原句是: Are you enjoying your dinner?Young man, she

27、answered, If you ate more and talked less ,we would both enjoy our dinner!相当于 But, you are talking too much. So both of us s are not enjoying our dinner.ate more and talked less多吃少说话结构非常简洁，形成鲜叫对比例: Everyone wants to earn more and work less.每个人都想多赚钱少工作。Some students hope to play more and study less.有

28、些学生想要多玩少学习。Special Difficulties用make和do的正确形式填空：1. He _ a mistake and I told him to _ the exercise again.答案： made do2. He _ business in Australia and _ a lot of money.答案： does makes3. I know you are _ your best but you are not _ very much progress.答案： doing making4. After I had _ the beds. I went out

29、 and _ some shopping.答案： made did四、练习l. A new play is coming to The Globe. It_.A. hasnt come yet B. is hereC. has already come D. came答案：A分析：A还没有来呢，同is coming含义相符；B在这儿C已经来了：D来过都跟is coming含义不相符。2. I asked her _ she was enjoying her dinner.A. weather B. in case C. if D. unless分析：A天气 B万一 D除非. 都不符合题意，不能

30、引导间接疑问句。C是否，是个连词可引导间接疑问句。答案C3. Her eyes were fixed on the plate. She _it.A. was glancing at B. was staring atC. was thinking about D. was stuck to分析：A 看一下，看一眼：B凝视着，目丁着看；C。考虑，思考D 固守，坚持。答案B4. He sank into_ after his business failed.A. destruction B. despair C. shortage D. chaos分析A破坏，消灭 B绝望 C短缺 D. 混乱紊乱

31、答案B五、复习非真实条件句对现在事实做相反的假设，或者对不可能的事情作假设，主句要求使用would do，从句使用一般过去时。例：If you went to the exhibition you would enjoy it.如果你去展览的话你会喜欢的。If I were in your position, I would act differently.要是我在你的位置上我会做的不同的。He would help if he were here.要是他在这的话，他会帮忙的a smiling face一个笑脸wear a smile 面带笑容fix one s eyes on sth 全神贯

32、注凝视某事fix one s attention on sth 全神贯注于in despair 绝望地at a dinner party 在宴会上next to sb 挨着某人take one s seat 坐上指定的席位be busy(in)doing sth 忙于做某事make conversation 闲谈， 聊天have a conversation with 跟某人谈话六、补充内容谚语1. Early to bed and early to raise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.如果生活有条理，就能在身体，物质和精神方面获益：睡得早，起得早，富裕、聪明、身体好。2East or West，home，s best金窝银窝，不如自家草窝：哪也比不上自己的家。East, West, home s best. /Theres no place like home.-