新概念英语第三册笔记第41课上课教案.doc

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1、精品文档，仅供学习与交流，如有侵权请联系网站删除Lesson 41 Illusions of Pastoral peace 宁静田园生活的遐想New words and expression 生词和短语illusion：n. 幻想，错觉（“由于视觉，感觉的歪曲所造成的错觉”，也可能是“感情的因素所致的错觉”。）under illusion that/under the impression that（同位语从句的活用） luneg: I am under the impression that you are honest.He still lives under the illusion t

2、hat country life is superior to town life.under no illusion that: 没有幻想eg: We live under no illusion that country is beautiful.have illusion about/have no illusion about: 对不报有幻想delusion: 妄想，错觉。侧重于强调精神病人无中生有的幻觉 （通常用于表示“荒谬的见解”或被别人所“迷惑”，有时包含着“神经错乱”，或者“没有区别真假的能力”的含义；）两词都可以表示错觉或者illusion一般是自己产生，强调主体的感官，而d

3、elusion往往是由他人的某些行为所致Illusion，加拿大看病不要钱（确实有），也想着中国政府也会。Delusion，每天幻想我们被政府所监控。（are not true）eg: He is under the delusion that somebody will kill him tomorrow.He lives under the delusion that he will be killed sometime.vision: 对美好未来的想象，憧憬 （avengers 幻视）eg: I live under the vision that I have a bright fut

4、ure从词根扩展词型：illusioned: adj. 充满幻想的 eg: The world of children is illusioned.illusionary: adj.错觉的，幻觉的 eg: Dont believe in him. What he said is illusionary picture.illusive: adj. 虚假的，不可靠的 eg: what he described was illusive. imagine / imaginary / imagingeg: I can not imagine building the Great Wall.imagi

5、nary: 虚构的 eg: The story is imaginary. Do not be taken in.imaginative: mdntv 富有想象力的 eg: Children are more imaginative than adults.unimaginative: 缺乏想象力的imaginable: 能够被想象的出的，用在修饰的名词后面 eg: This is the idea / way imaginable.pastoral：p:st()r()l adj. 田园的 （牧人的；田园生活的；乡村的 n 牧歌，田园诗/风光）（of shepherds and country

6、 life） shepherd 牧人（动词：护送）shepherdess 牧羊女 nomad 游牧民eg: pastoral piece：田园般的宁静 lead a pastoral life 过着田园生活 pastoral poetry田园诗idyllic dlk adj.田园诗般的（闲适恬静的） (simple, happy period of life often in the country)an idyllic scene 抒情般的情景pasture p:st n.牧场 vt 放牧pastor 牧师（尤指新教的牧师），也可以指牧人（有宗教色彩，少见） herder 美 牧人 herd

7、sman 英国 牧人 herd n 兽群 vt 放牧，群集，把群往哪里赶breed (bred, bred)：vt. 培育 （n、(动物的) 品种 vt养殖 n breeding养殖 vi繁殖 n breeding 繁殖）v. （使）动物繁殖；（动物）交配；（为某种目的而）培育（动、植物）；培养；滋生；（通过核反应）增殖可裂变物质；酿成 (不良情绪或不良行为)n. 品种；（人或物的）类型，种类；养殖；繁殖breed / raise / bring up / rear1.书面用语，表示raise,表示饲养宠物或植物（animals or plants）.较raise 更为正式.“饲养，培育”eg

8、: raise / breed pets raise / breed dogs breed livestock 饲养牲畜2. 表示bring up,把sb. 培养成人 educate（To train, educate or bring up）“训练，培养，养育”eg: As mother, you must breed good manners into your child. 作为一个目前，你必须培养孩子良好的举止和习惯。rear: r vt. 培养sb. 饲养pets rear（v. 抚养；培养；喂养，饲养；栽种，培植；）eg: I must rear the child because

9、 I have the duty. He rears / raise /breeds two dogs.在口语中，推荐使用raise/rear, 在书面语言中，使用breed。3breed = cause/lead to/result in/give rise to（cause, bring about, lead to 酿成，滋生，造成）eg: War breeds misery and ruin. 苦难与毁灭 Your careless bred the accident.rapture：rpt n. 欣喜 （欣喜若狂，狂喜，非常高兴 / great joy / delight）in ra

10、ptureseg: At the news, they are in raptures. At the news, they are greatly delighted.in raptures over / about sth. 对欣喜若狂eg: I am in raptures about the new book.go into raptures: feel delighted感到非常高兴eg: He went into raptures when he heard the good news.go into raptures over/about/at sth. 对感到非常高兴joy /

11、 happiness 比rapture相对普通用词 eg: We have a good time and we are full of happiness.rapturedelightjoy在口语中，建议使用delightdelight: n. v. 使高兴，使喜悦delighted: adj. eg: I feel delighted./ I am in raptures.ecstasy: eksts n 狂喜，忘形；入迷；出神（非常投入的狂喜）bliss: bls 极乐,无上的幸福。（n. 极乐；天赐的福vt. 使欣喜若狂vi. 狂喜） bless保佑eg: Nothing in the

12、 world can make you happier than bliss. Recently, a sound sleep is my bliss.extol：kstl; ek- vt. 赞美，颂扬,书面= praise （to praise highly）eg: I can not find a good word to praise you/your ability.I want to extol(高歌) the virtues of human beings v:tju; -tu: 美德，优点extol the merits of 称赞功德 mert 功绩，功过compliment:

13、 kmplm()nt 恭维 （n. 恭维；称赞；问候；致意；道贺vt. 恭维；称赞）侧重客气和礼貌，有时含恭维之意。 eg: Do you always compliment your friends?commend kmend v.推崇，称赞，赞誉 (to praise or approve of someone or something, especially publicly)为正式用词，用于对具体功绩或成就表示嘉奖，通常指上级对下级、长辈对晚辈的赞赏。commend sb for sth eg. The press commended him for his bravery. Comm

14、and kmnd 命令，统帅tribute trbju:t n.歌颂，赞词，敬意（sth you say, do or give in order to express your respect or admiration for sb）说出的，做出得，给出的 eg：a Tribute to Mother 母亲颂laud: l:d 赞美，书面语 (vt. 赞美；称赞n. 赞美；称赞；颂歌)eg: I want to do nothing but laud you. What do you want to laud me?I want to laud you beauty, ability, a

15、nd your wealth.extol / praise / compliment / exalt / laudsuperior：adj. 优越的，没有比较级和最高级，只能是原形 = better than the average n 上级be superior to: 比sb. / sth.更加优越 superiority （比较意味）优势（正式），优越性，优越eg: In my opinion, town life is superior to country life.inferior: 比低，不如 interior n&a 内部的 inferiority n. 自卑；下属；次等 复数

16、inferiorities eg: Town life is inferior to country life.senior: 高级的，年长的 eg: senior high school: 高中 be senior tojunior: 年幼的,下级的，下属的 be junior toposterior: pstr 后于（a其次的；较后的n. 后部；臀部）（多用于专业技术术语）比如医学（时间发生的前后，顺序，位置，重要性的比较）prior: pra 先于（时间发生的前后，顺序，重要性的比较） be prior to 优先于eg: This job is prior to that one. p

17、riority prart n. 优先；优先权；计 优先级；优先考虑的事of no confidence / importance / significance: 无足轻重eg: This work is of no significance. It should be inferior to that one.cockcrow：kkkr n. 鸡叫 crow n. 乌鸦；(公鸡的报晓) 啼叫；v. 打鸣；自鸣得意twitter v.鸟儿的叽喳叫声chirp t:p v. of a bird or an insect 鸟和虫的叫声 eg. Cicadas chirp high up the t

18、ree in dog days.知了在三伏天呆在树上叫个不停。cluck klk v./n. noise of the hen 母鸡的叫声eg. The country women stood together clucking over her miniskirt.twitter：v. （鸟）吱吱叫，嘁嘁喳喳叫 glint：glnt v. 闪烁flash: 表示忽明忽暗的闪光，如：手电筒的光，镜子的光线eg: Lighthouse is flashing in the distance.glim: 透过某种媒介而闪现的微弱的光线，如，透过大雾 n. 灯火；蜡烛；眼睛；微弱的迹象eg: Tho

19、ugh the fog, we saw a lighthouse glimming.glint: 闪烁，由于迅速闪烁的微弱的光 = shine for a momenteg: The sun glinted through the leaves.阳光透过叶缝闪着微弱的光芒glisten: 潮湿的物体上反射的光泽和光辉 (因有水或有油而) 发光，闪耀eg: The white snow glistened in all the colors of rainbow.flicker: 表示蜡烛。油灯在即将熄灭的时候的摇曳不定的光v. 闪烁，摇曳；颤动；（情绪等）闪现；快速瞥视；扑动翅膀n. 闪烁，闪

20、光；霎时的感情(犹豫、激动等)；抖动，颤动；(电影的)图像闪烁；(鸟)扑翅鴷属eg: On the cold night, I sat in front of the only candle which was flickering.pasture：n. 牧场 idyllic：dlk adj. 田园诗的（牧歌的，田园诗的，悠闲的） eg: He is leading an idyllic lifeidyl idil, aidil n. 田园诗，牧歌virtually：adv. 几乎，差不多 （actually; almost 实际上，几乎）eg. Hed like to put a big f

21、ront before girls, but virtually he was penniless.virtual v:tul adj.实质上的，事实上的（但未在名义上或正式获任）virtual leader eg. The president was so much under his wifes influence that she was the virtual ruler of the country.eg. The battle was won with so great a loss of lives that it was a virtual defeat.dubious：dju

22、:bs adj. 可疑的，怀疑的= doubtful / uncertain / questionable / suspicious / skeptical(不确定，拿不准的，无把握的；半信半疑的)be dubious about / of对不肯定,表示怀疑的doubtful / uncertainsuspect: 表示一种肯定的怀疑，猜疑的 Suspect表示一种肯定的语义, Doubt 表示一种否定的语义eg: I doubt whether he stole the car. Cats are suspicious of human beings.I am doubtful of you

23、r ability. I am dubious about your ability.questionable: 提出质疑的，不肯定的，值得争议的（值得质疑的）eg: This is a questionable conclusion / decision.sceptical: AM skeptical 怀疑论的（怀疑的；怀疑论的；习惯怀疑的） eg: Your idea is sceptical.be skeptical about 怀疑什么privilege：n. 特权 （1、(某人、某团体拥有的) 2、荣幸honour be a privilege or have the privile

24、ge）vt. 给予特权；特免（用的比较少）misery：mzr n. 苦难（或穷困的状态）acquaintance：n. 熟人 acquaint v.使了解 （非常正式的用语）to know sb or sth especially because you have met once or twice before be acquainted with sth/sbget fully acquainted with sth/sb对某事、某人十分熟悉 /become fully acquainted with sth/sbeg. I have been fully acquainted with

25、 him since I was in my college.acquaint sb with sth告知某人某事（也有acquaint sb with sth，但with更常见）eg. I acquaint my boss with my ideas. 我告知老板我的意见。make a person acquainted with sb :介绍某人同另一个人认识Let me make. acquainted with you.acquaintance . n. 熟人；相识；了解；知道make sbs acquaintance认识了某人（初次见面时） to meet someone for t

26、he first timeeg. Its my great privilege to make your acquaintance. 能认识您真是三生有幸。have a passing acquaintance with 与某人只有点头之交，没有深交/have a nodding acquaintance withtreat：n. 难得的乐事，享受（vt. 治疗；对待；探讨；视为vi. 探讨；请客；协商n. 请客；款待）be ones treat: 请客吃饭 eg: Lets go to have dinner. Its my treat.eg. Its my treat！我请客！ eg. I

27、t s on me！我请客！treat sb. to dinner eg: It is pleasure to treat you to dinner.treat sb. as eg: I treat him as my best friend.treat with sb. = talk with sb. eg: I can not bring it to a conclusion. I want to treat with you.treat of sth. sb. = speak of, talk ofeg: we speak /treat of tramps contemptuously

28、. dweller：n. 居住者 （a person or animal lives in a particular place）dwelldwell 文学上的用词，口语中通常用live代替。inhabit 强调人或动物居住在某个地区并已适应某种特殊环境。reside rzad 书面用词，指合法的永久性居住（有房产,有户口），也指在豪华的住宅里居住。reside insettle 侧重指某人定居于城市、国家或地区，而不指居住的住所。lodge 指短时间或临时住宿。live 最普通用词，指固定的居住，可以是长期的，也可以是临时的。dwelling city dweller城市居民 town dw

29、eller乡镇居民 country dweller乡村居民cave dweller洞穴人 forest dweller森林居民（住户）residentn.住户，房客 （someone who lives or stays in a place such as a house or a hotel）inhabitant n.居民（常年居住），常住人口premises : premsz n. 房屋（房屋及其产权范围）（有道：经营场所; 办公场所a business or an institution）on the premises 在本店（本机构，本场所）（更主要的一个意思是“n 前提 正式”一般

30、同位语 v. 提出为前提） 结论conclusionresidence : 指大而堂皇的寓所或公馆，也指法律上的居住点。非常正式的用词（府邸，寓所，张府，刘府）dwelling : dwel 供人居住的地方，人们居住的任何建筑物，也是非常正式的用词house : 住房，中性词，泛指一切供居住的建筑物，尤指适合一家一户居住的房屋。housing : 房（总称）the housing problem 住房问题home 指永久住家时，带有家庭所特有的温暖、情感等气息。building 泛指一切建筑物，不限于居住的房子。shelter 可指长期或临时的住处，也指简陋或临时搭建的躲避风雨的场所。habi

31、tation 指长久或固定的住所或居住地。（本意是居住在某处这一行为，引申出的住地）inhabit vt. 栖息；居住于；占据stagger：stg(r) v. 摇晃，蹒跚 （(1、vi因生病、醉酒等) 摇晃地走; 蹒跚 2、vt使震惊 3、vt使错开 (假期或工作时间)）Falter f:lt(r) v.支吾, 结巴说- Hehaspractisedthepoemseveraltimes, sohehasnocausetofalter. 所以没有理由结巴。Stammer stm(r) v.口吃, 结巴着说出, 结结巴巴地说Falter vi.蹒跚而行蹒跚踉跄, 摇摆= Stagger stg

32、(r) v.摇晃, 蹒跚, 交错, 摇摇摆摆 -Hefalteredhome.exotic：gztk; eg- adj. 导乎寻常的，外来的 （强调”异”seeming unusual and exciting because of being connected with a foreign country）（1、(常因来自遥远的他国而显得) 奇异的 2、异国的；外来的；异国情调的 3、奇异的）exoticism ztszm 异国情调；异国风味；洋派exotic plant 外来植物 exotic words 外来词 exotic items 外国物品exotic birds奇怪的鸟 an

33、exotic tropical island 有异国风情的热带岛屿foreign adj.外国的，外来的 （强调来源“不是本体”，但没有异的概念）foreign languages 外语 foreign currency 外币 foreign aid 外援 foreign body 异物be foreign to ：not typical of sbs usual charactereg. Those sarcastic remarks actually were foreign to his nature. 那些尖酸刻薄的话实非他本意。alien adj.外国的（正式）；陌生的（正式）；外星

34、人，外国人（法律）an alien culture 异国文化，异邦文化immigrant 指在别国定居并取得所在国国籍的外国人。foreigner 指在异国作短期访问或长期居住的外国人。（当面说非常不礼貌，大学）alien 指没有成为侨居国正式公民的移民。stranger 指对当地的生活习惯、语言等不熟悉，或为某团体不熟的人，也指不认识的人。glow：gl n. 白炽光（to send out brightness or warmth without flame.）发出微弱稳定的光vi 1、暗淡的光 2、(皮肤) 泛出红光（健康或者兴奋） 3、容光焕发n 1、白炽光 2、脸上的红光（一般是脸上

35、，因为能看出）3、喜悦（引申出）a man glowing with health 一个活力四射的人 a man glowing with enthusiasm一个热情洋溢的人a man glowing with pride 一个得意洋洋的人 a man glowing with pleasure 一个喜气洋洋的人descend：v. 下落，降临（书面用语） （下降）（to move from a higher level to a lower one）2、下 (楼梯等); 下来 正式 3、突然到访（descend on） 4、陷入 强调（descend into）5、堕落到了，竟作出某事，落

36、到地步descend to sth/doing stheg. The plane started to descend.descend on sb/descend upon sb 1、突然的到访，突然的袭击2、(一种情感)笼罩着某人eg. Panic descended on the country after the air strike. 空袭之后，举国笼罩在一片恐惧当中。eg: Darkness descends very soon because winter is comingeg. Five guests descended on me unexpectedly.He looked

37、 me up suddenly. He called on me suddenly. call at 地点He visited me suddenly. Yesterday, my best friend descended on me.descend to sth/doing sth eg. He was so poor that he descended to begging for food.从上传下来descend from eg: The watch descend from his grandfather.传给谁 descend to descend from sb. to sb.

38、eg: The watch is descend from grandfather to grandson.ascend: 上升 eg: The aeroplane is ascending at tremendous speed.tuck: tk vi. 缩进，隐藏vt 1、(为舒服或整齐) 把塞入; 把夹入 2、把塞进狭窄的空间；把藏入；3、用盖住；用围紧；用裹严n 1、C （衣服或织物的）褶，打褶 2、C (informal) 去赘皮手术；减肥手术掖，塞，藏1) to hide sth and make it difficult to be found 藏起来，让别人很难找到。eg. I

39、 tucked the letter into pocket in fear that mum might see it.eg. The jewelry chest was tucked away.2) draw together into a small space 一起被塞进了一个非常狭小的空间。eg. Thousands of people are tucked away in their homes in the country when night descends.eg. The inn was tucked away in remote mountain village. 这家小

40、酒馆位于一个深山的村子里。3) to eat eagerly 拼命的吃tuck into the turkey 拼命吃火鸡obstinately：abstnitli adv. 固执地，顽固地,（不容易被改变）obstinate: bstnt adj. = stubborn 倔强eg: If you are an obstinate person, nobody can change your mind.persistent: 固执己见 persist vt坚持说，反复说 vi 坚持、固执eg: If you always follow your friends around, I should

41、 say, you are a persistent person.strong-minded: 顽强的，意志力顽强的eg: If you are a strong minded person, you can do everything well.as stubborn as a mule: 倔强如牛stubborn adj.固执（中性）as stubborn as a mule 固执的像头骡子。pigheaded adj.固执己见的（贬）eg. Stop being so pigheaded and take my advice!Text 课文:Illusions of Pastoral

42、peace 宁静田园生活的遐想The quiet life of the country has never appealed to me.表明了作者观点，点题，下文中将说明原因quiet life /peaceful lifeCity born and city bred, I have always regarded the country as something you look at through a train window, or something you occasionally visit during the weekend.City born and city bre

43、d 过去分词作原因状语（注意在分词做状语的这一结构中，增加了city做地点状语）eg. Country born and country bred, I have always regarded the metropolis as sort of paradise or, something you occasionally visit as a treat during the weekend.regard sb/sth as= think of as / refer to asberegardedas = beconsideredtobe = bethoughtofas = be trea

44、ted as 把.看作为口语中：regardsb./sth.As + (n./porn./adj./doing/done)- Iregardhisideaastotallyunacceptable.（adj.无法接受的, 不受欢迎的）- Wecantregardthematterassettled.（adj.定下的, 决定的）n. 注意、关注、关心、考虑in/with regard to= with respect to sth=concerning=as to 关于，至于1、with regard to用于句子开头，是习惯用法。比如：With regard to the money, wed

45、 better be careful.2、in regard to一般出现在句子中间比如：a countrys laws in regard to human rights.Most of my friends live in the city, yet they always go into raptures at the mere mention of the country.yet转折go into rapturesat the mention。注意这里的mere用的非常好，仅仅是提到就欣喜若狂表示“一怎么就”at+名词或动名词 （一般是感官（感觉，感知），情感，想法）at后的名词或动名

46、词，一般是sight, thought, sound, hearing, idea或者see，hear，think等情感、感观动词, 组成结构为：at the sight/hearing/sound/(bare)thought/idea of或者at seeing/hearing/thinking等，翻译为：一看到/听到/想到就。句中的谓语动词用一般过去时。如：At hearing the news, he rushed out. 一听到这个消息，他就冲出去了。At the sight of the police officers they ran off.一看见那些警官,他们便逃跑了。I was so miserable at the idea of you in trouble.一想到你有麻烦，我就很痛苦。另外还可以用at the(mere)/(very) mention of当