英语语法主谓一致说课稿.doc

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1、精品文档，仅供学习与交流，如有侵权请联系网站删除英语语法“主谓一致”说课稿一、说教学目标(Teaching Aims)让学生通过自学、交流讨论，学习和掌握主谓一致的语法规则，熟练运用人称和数上与主语保持一致的原则，并通过相关的练习学会应用所学到的语法知识，能够在书面表达中杜绝主谓一致方面的错误。二、说教学重点(Important Teaching Points)掌握集合名词、不定代词、并列连词连接的名词、代词等作主语的主谓一致规则。三、说教学难点(Difficult Teaching Points) 能够应用主谓一致的知识：1.谓语动词用单数的种种情况。 2.就近原则。 3.定语从句中的主谓一

2、致。四、说教学程序：Step 1.导入展示相关的例句，让学生回答什么是主谓一致，由此导入到本节课的教学。Step 2. 展示: 完成以下练习。(一)、1. My family (is/are) a big and happy one.2. My family (is/are) all sitting on the sofa watching TV.(二)、1. Nothing (is/are) found in the room. Somebody (is/are) using the phone now.2. None of us (is/are) perfect. None of the

3、money (is/are) left.3. All (is/are) present at the meeting. All of the water (is/are) polluted.4. Each of us (has/have) something to say. Neither of us (has/have) been to America.(三)、1. Mr. Smith and his wife (is/are) doctors.2. A teacher and writer (lives/live) in the building.3. A teacher and a wr

4、iter (lives/live) in the building.4. A knife and fork (was/were) put in front of him.5. Every boy and every girl in the class (is/are) very diligent.(四)、1. Neither you nor I (are/am) fit for the work.2. There (is/are) a pen, five pencils and three books on the desk.(五)、1. Jane, together with her par

5、ents, (goes/go) to the park every Sunday. 2. Henry, rather than Jane and John, (is/are) responsible for the loss.Step 3交流讨论通过问题引导学生分组进行交流讨论，总结归纳主谓一致的语法规则。Ask students to discuss these questions and sum up the grammatical rules of Subject-Verb agreement.一、集体名词做主语时，谓语动词的单复数由什么来决定？二、哪些不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形

6、式?none以及all作主语时，谓语动词的单复数怎么决定?三、由and连接两个名词作主语时，谓语动词一般用复数形式，在哪些情况下，谓语动词需用单数形式？四、哪些情况下，句子谓语动词遵循就近一致原则？ 五、哪些情况下，谓语动词的单复数与句首的主语保持一致？Step 4释疑解难由学生报告刚才讨论的结果，即对以上5个问题做出回答。对学生交流讨论过程中遇到的疑难问题进行点拨。Let students answer the five questions and deal with the questions that the students have met during the discussion

7、.一、集体名词作主语时的情况二、不定代词作主语时的情况三、并列连词and连接的名词、代词作主语时的情况四、就近一致原则五、其他情况下的主谓一致原则Step 5当堂训练当堂完成相关练习，巩固所学到的知识。单项填空1. A rescue team sent to the flooded area and the team given different jobs.A. was; were B. were; was C. was; was D. were; were2. The police asked that anyone who saw the accident should get in t

8、ouch with .A. have; them B. has; him C. have; him D. has; them3. All but one here just now. 全国高考题A. is B. was C. has been D. were4. Nobody but Jane the secret. 全国高考题A. know B. knows C. have known D. is known5. We each strong points and each of us on the other hand weak points.A. have; have B. has; h

9、ave C. has; has D. have; has6. A poet and artist coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting tomorrow afternoon. 江苏高考题A. is B. are C. was D. were7. Did you go to the show last night?Yeah. Every boy and girl in the area invited. 陕西高考题A. were B. have been C. has been D. was8. Either yo

10、u or the headmaster the prizes to those gifted students at the meeting. 上海高考题A. is handing out B. are to hand out C. are handing out D. is to hand out9.The father as well as his three children skating on the frozen river every Sunday afternoon in winter. 辽宁高考题A. is going B. go C. goes D. are going10

11、. A library with five thousand books to the nation as a gift. 全国高考题A. is offered B. has offered C. are offered. D. have offeredStep 6反思小结让学生合上书本和笔记，给他们2分钟回忆小结本节课所学到的知识，然后让两个同学讲下他们所学到的知识。Let students close their books and notebooks. Give them 2 minutes to recall and sum up what they have learned in t

12、his lesson.Step 7作业延伸1.复习今天所学到的知识。2.扩展延伸:问题: 主语是复数形式，而谓语动词用单数形式的情况，以及主谓一致中的一些特殊情况五、说练习和作业的设计。检测训练总结巩固。通过做印发的中的练习进行训练，再补充一些总结性的有关主谓一致的专项练习进行检测加以巩固。三、说板书设计： 通过课件展示教学内容（以下各项教学内容）谓语动词的数必须和主语的人称和数一致,这就叫主谓一致.主语是句子陈述的对象，说明是谁或什么。表示句子说的是“什么人”或“什么事”。主语是执行句子的行为或动作的主体。可由名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、不定式、动名词和主语从句等来承担。例如： A m

13、ooncake is a delicious, round cake.(名词 ) Youd better buy a new pair.( 代词)One is not enough for me. I want one more.（数词） To give is better than to receive . （不定式）There are many different kinds of mooncakes.（在There be 句型中，be 作谓语，主语位居其后。）谓语说明主语所发出的动作或具有的特征和状态。谓语由动词来承担。依据其在句中繁简程度可把谓语分为简单谓语和复合谓语两类。不论何种时态

14、，语态，语气，凡由一个动词（或动词词组）构成的谓语都是简单谓语。例如：I like walking.(一般现在时主动语态)I made your birthday cake last night. (一般过去时主动语态)复合谓语也可分为两种情况：第一种是由情态动词，助动词+不带to的动词不定式构成的复合谓语：What does this word mean? I wont do it again. Youd better catch a bus.第二种是由连系动词+表语构成的复合谓语。例如：You look the same. We are all here. He looked worrie

15、d. School is over. Lets go home. My pen is in my bag. I am a teacher She often does her homework in the morning. There is only one box on the table. There are 50 students in our class.但是如果主语不是单一的，或主语名词的数比较特殊时，其主谓一致一般要根据语法一致（从前原则）意义一致就近原则一、语法一致原则一般来说，语法形式是单数的主语，谓语动词用单数形式，语法形式是复数的主语，谓语动词用复数形式。Eg:（1）Th

16、e number of errors was surprising.错误之多是惊人的 (2)We love our motherland .二、意义一致原则主、谓语的一致不是根据其外部语法形态来决定，而是取决于主语所表达的内在含义。主语形式虽为单数，但在意义上却为复数，谓语动词应采取复数形式，主语形式虽为复数，但在意义上视为单数，谓语动词应采取单数形式。Eg（1）The crowd were fighting for their lives. 这些人正为生存而战斗。（2）Three years in a strange land seems like a long time . 在异乡生活的三

17、年，仿佛是很长的时间。三、就近原则谓语动词根据它前面最邻近的名词或代词或其他词的数的形式，来决定其自身的数的形式。 E g(1) Not only his children but also he himself wants to go there . (2) Either my wife or I am going to work there .就近原则的使用情况：当作主语的两个名词或代词由or ,eitheror ,neithernor, whetheror.not only but also，notbut连接时;在there be./here be句型中(1)There _a lamp,

18、 two pens and three books on the desk. (2)Here _some envelopes and paper for you.(3)Not only his family but also he _ (喜欢）Chaplins movies.(4)You or I _ going to receive them this afternoon.5.Not only I but also Jane and Mary _ tired of having one examination after another.A.is B.are C.am D.be6. Ther

19、e _ in this room.A. are too much furniture B. is too many furnitures C. are too much furnitures D. is too much furniture7.Neither Tom nor his parents _ at home.A. is B. are C. has D. was8. Either the dean or the principal _ the meeting.A.attends B.attend C. are attending D. have attended9._ was wron

20、g.A. Not the teacher but the students B. Both the students and the teacherC. Neither the teacher not the students D. Not the students but the teacher10.He didnt say whether some English novels or an English dictionary _ wanted.A. are B. is C. was D. were 有together with, with, as well as , but , exce

21、pt ,besides,rather than, including ,along, along with, like.连接并列主语时,采取从前原则.1)They, together with Tom , _ going to swim this afternoon .(be)2) No one but your parents _ there then .(be)3) He, like you and your brother, _ very clever. (be)4) The teacher, including his students, _going to see Professor

22、 Tell. (be)5) Mary, together with his sisters _ gone back.(have)1.An expert, together with some assistants, _ to help in this work.A. was sent B. were sent C. is sending D. are sending2._ either he or I fit for the job? Neither he nor you _.A. Am; are B. Is; are C. Are; are D. Is; is3.Nothing but ca

23、rs _ in the shop.A. is sold B. are sold C. were sold D. are going to sell4.A library with five thousand books _ to the nation as a gift. A.is offered B.have offered C.are offered D.has offered5.Not only the whole nation, but the whole Europe , indeed the whole human society _ to alter its attitude t

24、o racial problems.A.need B.needs C. has a need D. have a need6.To tell you the truth, I, as well as the other students, _ hungry.A. sure am B. am sure C. sure are D. are sure由and 或both-and 连接主语，谓语动词用复数。1.A poet and a novelist have visited our school. 2.Wu Dong and Wu Xi _are _ twin brother. (be)1.Th

25、e singer and the dancer _ come to the meeting.A. hasB. have C. are D. is2.The secretary of the Party branch and the director of that factory often _with the workers.A. works B. work C. is workingD. are working如果and 连接的两个词是指同一个人，同一事物或同一概念，则两个名词共用一个冠词，谓语用单数。Eg: 1）The teacher and writer is her friend .

26、 2) Butter and bread is her favorite food. 3) A journalist and author _(live)in the house 4) The doctor and professor _ (be) coming at once.1.The League secretary and monitor _ asked to make a speech at the meeting.A. beB. was C. are D. were2. Wisky and soda _ his favorite drink.A.is B. are C. were

27、D. have been3.Light and heat _often sent out together with heavy smoke. A.is B. was C. are D. beingeveryand (every); each and (each) ; no and (no) ; many a and (many a)连接两个单数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 1.Every desk and every chair _ made of wood. (be)2.Many a boy and girl _made the same mistake. (have)3.No boy

28、and no girl _ (be) in the classroom. 4.Many a student _ (like) pop songs.1.Each man and woman _ the same rights.A.has B. have C. had D. is having2. Many a student _ the importance of learning a foreign language.A. have realized B. has realized C. have been realized D. has been realized3.No chair and

29、 no desk _ permitted to be taken away from the reading room.A.are B. were C. isD. be4.Many a father _learnt to his sorrow what it is to have a son who tells lies.A. have B. isC. are D. has5.Every man, woman and child _some history, enough at least, to survive in the world.A.knows B. know C. is known

30、 D. are knownsome (of), plenty of, a lot of ,most (of), the rest of ,all (of), half (of), part (of), the majority of,分数或百分数+of +名词等短语作主语时，谓语动词与of 后的名词或则和其替代的名词保持数的一致。1)A lot of students _ waiting outside .(be)2)More than 70 percent of the surface _(be) covered by water .3)The rest of the money _ (be

31、long) to you .1._ of the land in that district _ covered with trees and grass.A.Two fifth , isB.Two fifth ,are C.Two fifths , is D.Two fifths , are2. I have finished a large part of the book ; the rest _more difficult.A.is B.are C.was D.were 3.Most of his savings _ in the Xin Hua Bank.A.has been kep

32、t B. is being kept C. have kept D. have been kept4. The majority of the damage _ easy to repair.A.is B. are C. were D. be5.The majority of doctors _ smoking is harmful to health.A.are believed B. had believed C. has believed D. believe6. Three-fourths of the buildings _.A.was destroyed B. is destroy

33、ed C. were destroyed D. has been destroyednone 有时作单数看待，有时作复数看待，主要根据说话人的意思决定。eg.None of the books are easy enough for us. None of us has a camera. None of the money is paid to me.one/every one / each/ either/ neither/the other/another anybody/ anyone/ anything/ somebody/ someone/something/ everybody/

34、everyone/everything/nobody/ no one/ nothing/ the number+of +复数名词作主语或是独立充当主语时，谓语动词用单数。 Each of the students has a book. Neither of them has told me. Either of the answers is right.1.They each _ a new dictionary.A.has B.have C.isD.are2.Each of you _ responsible for the accident.A. am B. be C. is D. ar

35、e3.Each of the students in our class _great interest in English and they each _ a copy of New English-Chinese Dictionary.A.shows；have B.have；has C.is；have D.takes；has4.The two sisters are forced to play the piano. In fact，neither of them _ to play it.A.like B.liked C.likes D.liking5.Nobody but his f

36、amily _the secret.A.know B. are known C. have known D. knewone and a half做主语时，谓语动词用做单数。One and a half years has passed. One and a half apples has rotted away.more 复数名词 than one 和 more than one 单数名词的意义相同，均表示“不只一个”，但前者用作复数，后者用作单数。more than + 两个以上的数字+名词复数做主语时，谓语动词用复数。More students than one were punishe

37、d. More than one student was punished.More than two hundred persons are present. More than one was killed in the battle.1)Four hours is enough to do the experiment .2)Ten dollars is too much to pay for that shirt . 3)Thirty feet is long enough .1. “_ twenty dollars a big sum to her?” “I suppose so.”

38、A.Will be B. Is C. Are D. Were2.Three hours _ enough for us to finish the task.A. are B. has C. is D. were算术中的动词单复数都可以, 多用单数。Two and two makes/make four. Three times three is nine.集合名词class , family, army, enemy, team , group , government, staff , audience , crowd, public ,committee 等作主语时，若强调整体，谓语用单

39、数，若表示组成该集体的成员，谓语用复数Eg:1) be My family _very large . His family _waiting for him . 2) be/have The class _ made up of 54 students . All the class _gone to the playground .表示时间，数目，距离，价格，度量衡等名词的复数作主语，并作为整体看待时，谓语动词用单数。1. The committee _ over the problem among themselves for two hours.A.has argued B. has

40、been arguing C. have argued D. have been arguing2.The public _ generous in their contributions to the earthquake victims.A.is B. was C. are D. has been3. His family _ always quarrelling among _. A.is；itself B.are；themselves C.is；themselves D.are；itself有些名词本身表示复数概念，其谓语动词用复数形式，如people, police ,cattle,

41、 goods, youth, clothes等。Eg : 1)The police _ after a thief. 2)Cattle _ on grass . (feed) 3)All the goods _ arrived. (have)1.Cattle _ on the hillside.A.grazes B. is grazing C. was grazing D. were grazing2. The youth of China today _ trying their best to study modern science and technology.A.isB.wasC.w

42、ere D.are“定冠词+adj/分词”表示一类具体的人或物时，谓语用复数，若表示某一抽象概念，则用单数 。1)The old _taken good care of here .(be) 2)The old _(give) place to the new .3) The true _(be)to be distinguished from the false.4) The rich _(be)for the plan, but the poor against it.1.The wounded _ by the hospital.A.have been taken inB.has bee

43、n taken in C.have taken in D.has taken in2.In that country, the rich _ richer, the poor, poorer. A. become B. has become C. becomes D. is becomingwhat, who, which, any(of) , more, most, all(of) ,half(of), part (of) 等代词作主语，谓语可以是单数，也可以是复数，主要看它们指代的是什么来决定。1 ) Which is your room? 2) Which are your rooms? 3) All that can be done has been done.