2020年春人教新目标英语八年级下册Unit1单元知识点总结与练习（无答案）.doc

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1、2020年春人教新目标英语八年级下册Unit 1 Whats the matter?重点短语 1. have a fever 发烧2. have a cough 咳嗽3. have a toothache 牙疼4. talk too much 说得太多5. drink enough water 喝足够的水6. have a cold 受凉;感冒7. have a stomachache 胃疼8. have a sore back 背疼9. have a sore throat 喉咙痛10. lie down and rest 躺下来休息11. hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的热茶

2、12. see a dentist 看牙医13. get an X-ray 拍X 光片14. take one s temperature 量体温15. put some medicine on sth. 在上面敷药16. feel very hot 感到很热17. sound like 听起来像18. all weekend 整个周末19. in the same way 以同样的方式20. go to a doctor 看医生21. go along 沿着走22. on the side of the road 在马路边23. shout for help 大声呼救24. without

3、thinking twice 没有多想25. get off 下车26. have a heart problem 有心脏病27. to one s surprise 使.惊讶的28. thanks to 多亏了 ；由于29. in time 及时30. save a life 挽救生命31. get into trouble 造成麻烦32. right away 立刻；马上33. because of 由于34. get out of 离开;从出萍35. hurt oneself 受伤36. put a bandage on sth. 用绷带包扎37. fall down 摔倒38. fee

4、l sick 感到恶心39. have a nosebleed 流鼻血40. cut his knee 割伤他的膝盖41. put her head back 把她的头向后仰42. have problems breathing 呼吸困难43. mountain climbing 登山运动44. be used to doing sth. 习惯做某事45. run out (of) 用完;用尽46. so that 以便47. so. . . that 如此 以至于48. be in control of 掌管;管理49. in a difficult situation 在闲境屮50. ke

5、ep on doing sth. 继续或坚持做某事51. make a decision 做出决定52. take risks 冒险53. give up 放弃一、基本知识点1. Whats the matter (with you)? 怎么了？出什么事了？Whatsthetrouble/theproblem/wrongwithsb./sth.?2. I had a cold.我感冒了。have a cough咳嗽 have a stomachache胃疼，肚子疼 have a toothache牙疼 have a headache头疼3. 身体部位+ache（疼痛）构成新的复合词Stomac

6、h + ache=stomachache head + ache=headache tooth + ache=toothache back + ache=backache 4. much too+ 词，意为，toomuch+词，意为5. enough【形容、副词】足够的/地，enough放在名词前，形容词、副词后面good enough足够好，enough money=money money6. lie down躺下， lie 躺，躺着，过去式lay；lie说谎，过去式lied7. maybe “或许”，常用于句首，表示可能性，后加句子。Maybe you are right.may be，是

7、情态动词+be的结构，意为“可能，也许”，后加名词、代词或形容词。He may be angry.8. sound like+名词、代词和从句：It sounds like you dont know the truth. It sounds like a good idea.sound+形容词，“听起来，好像”，The music sounds nice.9. need 需要，实义动词need+名词，需要某物；need to do sth.需要做某事，主语通常是人，表示人主动的动作：You need to listen carefully during class.need doing st

8、h.主语通常是物，表示被动的动作：Your dirty clothes need washing.10. get off (the bus) 下（公交车） get on 上车11. agree 同意，赞同；同意做某事观点 。12. trouble问题，麻烦 ；make troublehave trouble (in) doing sth. = have difficulties (in) doing13. right away=right now=at once，意为。14.【复习】 advice 不可数名词劝告，建议，向征求意见，give sb. advice on sth.就某事给某人建议

9、； advise 动词advise sb. doing 15.【复习】exercise 动词意为 ， 可数名词为 ，不可数时意为 16. hurt 及物动词，使疼痛，受伤， 不及物动词，（部位）疼。 His leg hurt badly.17. clean【动词】 【形容词】 ，cleaner意为 18. hit（用手或器具）打；击打 The boy hit the dog with a stone.hit sb. on the head/ nose/ back打某人的头、鼻子、后背，on用在所打较硬的部位； hit sb. in the face/ eye/ stomach 打某人的脸、眼睛

10、、肚子，in用在所打较软的部位。19. be used to sth./ doing sth.习惯于、适应了、做某事，强调状态；His grandpa was used to country life.Mary is not used to getting up early in the morning.used to sth./ doing sth. “变得习惯，逐渐适应”强调过程、动作：Its difficult for one to get used to another countrys habit.20.【复习】free 形容词空闲的free time；免费的the drink is

11、 for free；自由的I want to become a free bird.free【动词】使解脱，得到自由He could not free his arm.21. run out用完，用尽 When his water run out, he knew that he would have to do something to save his own life.（物）sth. tun out. 某物用尽了。（人）sb. run out of（物）sth.人用尽了某物。He run out of all his money last night.22. risk (sb.) to

12、do sth. 冒险去做某事 take a risk=take risks 冒险23. the importance of (doing) sth.（做）某事的重要性We students should know the importance of (learning) English.importance n. 重要（性），important adj.重要的，unimportant adj.不重要的24. decision 【名词】决定；抉择；25. be in the control of 掌管，管理The headmaster is in the control of this new

13、school. be out of control无法控制，无法管理 be under control被控制住，在控制之中26.【复习】mind意为“介意” Do you mind my opening the window?27. give up (doing) sth. 放弃（做）某事，give up (playing) computer games；give up后可接名词、代词和动词ing形式，也可不接，如 Never give up easily.重点语法1.with常见的用法1)作为介词，意为“和一起”，表伴随关系Eg. I went to Hong Kong Disneyland

14、 wih my parents.2）表示“使用某种工具、手段”Eg. You can cut it with a knife.注:“当单数名词+with+名词”用作主语时，其谓语动词应用单数形式。Eg. A teacher with his students is seeing an English film2enough“足够的，充分的”1）enough用作形容词作定语时，可修饰可数名词或不可数名词，可放在被修饰的名词前后均可。如：There are enough seats（seats enough）for them all.有足够的座位让他们都坐下。2）enough用作副词，可用来修饰形

15、容词或副词，放在所修饰词的后面。如： He walks slowly enough. 他走得够慢的了。This article is difficult enough to write.3. 描述身体不适（1）主语+have/has+a+病症（2）主语+have/has+a+部位-ache（3）主语+have/has+a+sore+发病部位（4）部位+hurt（s）Eg:1).I have a high fever. 我在发高烧。2).I had a headache so I want to bed. 我头疼，所以上床睡觉了。3).I have a sore throat and my ch

16、est hurts. 我嗓子疼，胸口也疼。4.hit“碰击，击中，碰撞”hit+sb.+介词+the+身体部位（in用于涉及身体表面较软或较空的部位，如eye,face,chest,leg.on用于身体较硬的部位，如head,nose,back）区别hit 和beat1）hit（碰击，击中，碰撞）强调一次性动作Eg. The ball hit him in the face.2）beat“打，敲，接连打击”强调重复行的动作Eg. His heart beats violetly.他的心剧烈地跳着。5. 关于ues的用法1）be/get used to do sth. 习惯于做某事Eg. I a

17、m used to getting up early.2）be used to do sth.被用来做某事Eg. This knife is used to cut bread .3）used to do sth.“过去常常做某事”Eg. I used to go fishing in the pool in front of my house.4）be used for doing sth.“用于/被用来做某事”Eg. The wood is used for making paper.6. wear / put on /dress/ have on/（be）in1) wear是“穿着”,“

18、戴着”的意思，可用于穿衣、穿鞋、戴帽子，戴手套、佩戴首饰等，强调状态。Eg. Children like wearing new clothes.2)put on指“戴上”，“穿上”，为动态，表示穿衣服的动作，其反义词是take off。 Eg. Put on your clothes穿上衣服3)dress 可作及物动词，有“穿着”，“打扮”的意思，为动态，但宾语通常是人，或反身代词，常用于被动语态但只用于穿衣，它既表示动作，又表状态。 常用于下列结构：dress sb / oneself(给某人穿衣服)、 dress well和be dressed in 等Eg. Jim isnt old

19、enough to dress himself. 吉姆太小，还不能给自己穿衣服。4)have on 是“穿着”的意思，指穿的状态， 和wear类似，但have on不用于进行时态。 Eg. She has a red skirt on. ( = Hes wearing a red skirt . ) 她穿着红裙子。5)be in+表示颜色或衣服的词是系表结构，为静态，强调“穿着”“戴着”的状态。Eg. The girl in white is my best friend. 穿着白色衣服的女孩是我最好的朋友7.one of 之一one of 后接名词或代词得复数形式。当“one of+名词复数

20、”在句中作主语时，其中心词为one ，故其后的谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。Eg. I have many books. Harry Potter is one of them.如果名词前有形容词修饰，则用形容词的最高级形式，构成“one of the+最高级”结构，表示“中最之一”Eg. YU Dan is one of the most popular professors in China.8.oneself 反身代词构成的短语;hurt oneself 伤了自己 by oneself 独自地，单独地enjoy oneself 玩的愉快 for oneself 亲自，为自己look af

21、ter oneself 照顾自己 help oneself（to） 请随便（吃、喝）teach oneself =learn by oneself 自学leave sb . by oneself 把某人单独留下9. 时间介词(at, in ,on)1. at指时间表示：（1）时间的一点、时刻等。如： at noon, at midnight, at ten oclock, at dawn（2）较短暂的一段时间。可指某个节日或被认为是一年中标志大事的日子。如： at New Year, at the Spring Festival, at night2. in指时间表示：（1）在某个较长的时间（

22、如世纪、朝代、年、月、季节以及泛指的上午、下午或傍晚）内。如： in 2004, in March, in spring, in the morning, in the evening, in the eighteenth century. etc（2）在一段时间之后。一般情况下，用于将来时，谓语动词为瞬间动词，意为“在.以后”。如： He will arrive in two hours.谓语动词为延续性动词时，in意为“在以内”。如： These products will be produced in a month. 注意：after用于将来时间也指一段时间之后，但其后的时间是“一点”

23、，而不是“一段”。如： He will arrive after two oclock.3. on指时间表示：（1）具体的时日和一个特定的时间，如某日、某节日、星期几等。如： On Christmas Day（On May 4th）, there will be a celebration.（2）在某个特定的早晨、下午或晚上。如： He arrived at 10 oclock on the night of the 5th.（3）准时，按时。如：如：If the train should be on time, I should reach home before dark.10.run o

24、ut （of）用尽，耗尽run out表示“被用完了”的被动含义，其主语通常是时间、金钱、食物等无生命名词。 如： His money soon ran out. 他的钱很快就花完了。run out of 表示“用完(use up)”的主动含义，主语是人。如： He ran out of the room. 他跑出了房间。三、1. Whats the matter? = Whats up？怎么了？Whats the matter with you?=Whats the trouble with you?=Whats wrong with you?=What happened ?=Is ther

25、e anything wrong with you ?你怎么了？2. 语法:should“应该，应当”为情态动词，后接动词原形，没有人称和数的变化。用来向别人提出建议，以劝导别人，比must和ought to 更加委婉。主语+ should/shouldnt + 动词原形. .You should lie down and rest.你应该躺下休息一会儿。 You shouldn t go out at night.你晚上不应该出去。What should she do?她该怎么办呢？Should I take my temperature? 我应该量一下体温吗？【同步练习】一、用所给词的正确

26、形式填空1.Mother says I should stop playing computer and _(rest) 2.Do you take _(you ) temperature ?3. If you cut yourself , you should _(put ) some medicine on it .4.He _(get ) off and helped the blind man cross the road .5._(thank ) to Mr. Wang and the passengers , the doctors saved the man in time .6

27、.Did Mary cut _(she) ? Yes , she did .7. To _(he) surprise , great changes have taken place in China three years .8.Do I need _（see） a doctor?No. You neednt _（see）a doctor.9. Mr. Green _（leave）here a moment ago.10.Some teenagers are afraid of _(take) risks which is not good for their future .11. So

28、he used his knife _(cut) off half his right arm . 12. Doctors often tell us_(drink) more water every day.13. Could you give me some _ ( advice ) about my math?14. _（not eat）too much tofu.15. There is something wrong with your throat. Youd better _ ( drink ) lots of water.16. Lets think about it befo

29、re we find _(us) “between a rock and a hard place .17. Its important for us _ ( keep ) in good health.18. He has a headache. He should _ ( go ) to bed early.19. After that, Aron climbed down the mountain _ ( find ) help.20. I have a _ ( tooth ). I have to see the dentist.21. We need time _ ( exercis

30、e ) at school.22. He was not ready _(die) that day .23. I brush my _ ( tooth ) every morning and night.24. We should exercise every day to stay _ ( health ).25. He is getting better after taking some _ ( medicine ).26. I dont feel _ ( good ). I think I have a cold.27. Jack hurt his back _(play) foot

31、ball 28._ (make ) good decisions is extremely important when we are in danger . 二、单项选择.( )1. My uncle isnt _ at the moment. A. feel well B. feeling well. C. feeling good ( )2. Whats the matter _ you? A. with B. on C. in ( )3. How is the young man? _ A. He is twenty. B. He is a doctor. C. Hes very we

32、ll. ( )4. Bob _a cold And Mary and Sue _ colds ,too . They shouldnt exercise . A has; has B has; have C have ; has D have ; have ( )5.As a student , Nacy _ with her new classmates A used to studying B. is used to study C. is used to studying D. used to study ( )6. My mother is ill._ A OK. B. Too bad

33、. C. Im sorry to hear that.( )7. Its important _ in good health. A. keep B. keeping C. to keep ( )8.Bill _money after three months A run out B. rin out of C was run out of ( )9.Bob used to _in the countryside . But now he is used to _ in the big city . A live ; live B live; living C. living ; living

34、 D living , live ( )10. Bamboo can _ paper . A used to make B be used to make C be used to making ( )11. You look tired, you should have a good rest for _ days A. a few B. few C. a little( )12. He worked late _ eleven oclock yesterday. A. after B. until C. since ( )13.Tony studies very _.He often do

35、es his homework until 10:30p.m.,but his brother Tom_ does homework. A. hardly ;hardly B. hard; hardly C. hardly; hard ( )14.If you are hungry, you can eat some_. A. water B. bread C. apple ( )15.You eat _ junk food. I think you need _ vegetables. A. too much; much B. too many; many C. too much; lots

36、 of ( )16.-_did you live in Shenyang? -For about eight years.A. How far B. How long C. How often ( )17.There_ some water in the bottles. A. has B. are C. is ( )18._Damings help , the problems are solved successfully .A .As for , B Thanks for C Thanks to D According to ( )19. - When did your stomacha

37、che start?- _.A. About two days. B. Two days later C. About two days ago( )20.The driver saw an old man _ on the side of the road . A lie B.lay C lying D. to lie 四、按要求变换句型1. Whats the matter with Jim?（同义句）Whats _ _ Jim?2. I have a headache.（就划线部分提问）_ is _ _ with you?3. Reading in bed is bad for your

38、 eyes.（同义句）_ bad for your eyes _ _ in bed.4. You should have a good rest.（就划线部分提问）_ _ I _?5. You should drink some tea and coffer.（变为否定句）You _ drink _ tea _ coffer.6. You dont need to clean the classroom now. （同义句）You _ clean the classroom _ _ _.7. Mr. Black bought a lot of beef last week.就划线部分提问）_ _ _ did Mr. Black _ last week?8. He is hardly ever late for class（划线部分提问）_ _ is he late for class?9. I like the book very much.（划线部分提问）_ do you _ the book?10. She had a cold three days ago. （划线提问）_ _ she _ a cold?11. Lie down and rest. （改为提建议的句型）_ _ lie down and rest.11