老托福浏览试题及答案：PASSAGE19.docx

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1、老托福浏览试题及答案：PASSAGE19老托福浏览试题及答案：PASSAGE19为了帮助大家备考托福浏览，提高成绩，下面我给大家带来老托福浏览真题及答案:passage19，希望大家喜欢!老托福浏览试题及答案：PASSAGE19TheprincipaldifferencebetweenurbangrowthinEuropeandintheNorthAmericancolonieswastheslowevolutionofcitiesintheformerandtheirrapidgrowthinthelatter.InEuropetheygrewoveraperiodofcenturiesfr

2、omtowneconomiestotheirpresenturbanstructure.InNorthAmerica,theystartedaswildernesscommunitiesanddevelopedtomatureurbanisminlittlemorethanacentury.IntheearlycolonialdaysinNorthAmerica,smallcitiessprangupalongtheAtlanticCoastline,mostlyinwhatarenowNewEnglandandMiddleAtlanticstatesintheUnitedStatesandi

3、nthelowerSaintLawrencevalleyinCanada.ThiswasnaturalbecausetheseareaswerenearesttoEnglandandFrance,particularlyEngland,fromwhichmostcapitalgoods(assetssuchasequipment)andmanyconsumergoodswereimported.Merchandisingestablishmentswere,accordingly,advantageouslylocatedinportcitiesfromwhichgoodscouldberea

4、dilydistributedtointeriorsettlements.Here,too,werethefavoredlocationsforprocessingrawmaterialspriortoexport.Boston,Philadelphia,NewYork,Montreal,andothercitiesflourished,and,asthecoloniesgrew,thesecitiesincreasedinimportance.ThiswaslesstrueinthecolonialSouth,wherelifecenteredaroundlargefarms,knownas

5、plantations,ratherthanaroundtowns,aswasthecaseintheareasfurthernorthalongtheAtlanticcoastline.Thelocalisolationandtheeconomicself-sufficiencyoftheplantationswereantagonistictothedevelopmentofthetowns.Theplantationsmaintainedtheirindependencebecausetheywerelocatedonnavigablestreamsandeachhadawharfacc

6、essibletothesmallshippingofthatday.Infact,oneofthestrongestfactorsintheselectionofplantationlandwasthedesiretohaveitsfrontonawaterhighway.WhentheUnitedStatesbecameanindependentnationin1776,itdidnothaveasinglecityaslargeas50,000inhabitants,butby1820ithadacityofmorethan10,000people,andby1880ithadrecor

7、dedacityofoveronemillion.Itwasnotuntilafter1823,afterthemechanizationofthespinninghadweavingindustries,thatcitiesstarteddrawingyoungpeopleawayfromfarms.SuchmigrationwasparticularlyrapidfollowingtheCivilWar(1861-1865).1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?(A)FactorsthatslowedthegrowthofcitiesinEurope.(B)

8、TheevolutionofcitiesinNorthAmerica(C)TradebetweenNorthAmericanandEuropeancities(D)TheeffectsoftheUnitedSatesindependenceonurbangrowthinNewEngland.2.Thewordtheyinline4refersto(A)NorthAmericancolonies(B)cities(C)centuries(D)towneconomies3.ThepassagecomparesearlyEuropeanandNorthAmericancitiesonthebasis

9、ofwhichofthefollowing?(A)Theireconomicsuccess(B)Thetypeofmerchandisetheyexported(C)Theirabilitytodistributegoodstointeriorsettlements(D)Thepaceoftheirdevelopment4.Thewordaccordinglyinline11isclosestinmeaningto(A)asusual(B)incontrast(C)tosomedegree(D)forthatreason5.Accordingtothepassage,earlycolonial

10、citieswereestablishedalongtheAtlanticcoastlineofNorthAmericadueto(A)anabundanceofnaturalresources(B)financialsupportfromcolonialgovernments(C)proximitytopartsofEurope(D)afavorableclimate6.Thepassageindicatesthatduringcolonialtimes,theAtlanticcoastlinecitiespreparedwhichofthefollowingforshipmenttoEur

11、ope?(A)Manufacturingequipment(B)Capitalgoods(C)Consumergoods(D)Rawmaterials7.Accordingtothepassage,allofthefollowingaspectsoftheplantationsysteminfluencedthegrowthofsoutherncitiesEXCEPTthe(A)locationoftheplantations(B)accessofplantationownerstoshipping(C)relationshipsbetweenplantationresidentsandcit

12、yresidents(D)economicself-sufficiencyoftheplantations8.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat,incomparisonwithnortherncities,mostsoutherncitieswere(A)moreprosperous(B)smaller(C)lesseconomicallyself-sufficient(D)tiedlesscloselytoEnglandthantoFrance9.Thewordrecordedinline26isclosestinmeaningto(A)imagined(B

13、)discovered(C)documented(D)planned10.Theworddrawinginline28isclosestinmeaningto(A)attracting(B)employing(C)instructing(D)representing11.ThepassagementionstheperiodfollowingtheCivilWar(line29)becauseitwasatimeof(A)significantobstaclestoindustrialgrowth(B)decreaseddependenceonforeigntrade(C)increasedn

14、umbersofpeopleleavingemploymentonfarms(D)increasedmigrationfromnorthernstatestosouthernstates正确答案：BBDDCDCBCAC提升托福浏览能力的方法有哪些？方法一：概括地观察在练习时我们会读一些文章或者段子，首先我们能够进行略读。对于文章的首段或者每段的内容进行概括，我们就能够知道这些文章都讲了些什么，而不是去通读，逐字去读，逐词去读，这样不仅浪费时间，而且对于本人的浏览能力的提升也是微乎其微的。方法二：要学会提问题在浏览的时候，考生要学会提问题，在浏览完一个段落之后，能够在每段的句首位置写出一个问题，

15、当你看到这个问题的就会想到这个段落讲的是什么意思。这样不仅让本人的对段落有了清楚的认识，还能做到很的归纳总结的作用。方法三：学会来引导浏览当你在浏览文章的时候，能够为文章的标题、副题、图片及首句设定问题，能够把它们写在各本人的位置，这样你在看问题的时候，就能够帮助你更明晰的了解文章的内容了。方法四：寻找问题的答案我们在做托福浏览题的时候，最主要的就是要找到浏览题的答案。这个问题的答案是跟随着我们的问题的，我们在浏览的时候，要带着问题去浏览，这样对我们把握浏览文章重点来讲是非常重要的。方法五：学会做标记假如在托福浏览的时候，我们假如碰到了所答问题关键词或者短语，我们要将它标记下来，并且要将它们积

16、累起来。由于假如这里考到了，讲明之后可以能会考到，这些关键记号和短语就是我们平常练习时需要的积累的知识，不但在之后做浏览题或许会用得到，在托福考试的其它学科可能也是会用得到的。方法六：修正问题前面提到了，在浏览的时候要带着问题去文章中找答案，假如我们发现有几个答案都很类似，我们不是很确定哪一个是正确的，那么这时考生就要重新看到下问题，并且将有关的答案标记出来。再重读文章的时候，碰到的不明的地方能够查阅资料，可以以问一下教师和同学。这样久而久之，你的所有问题都会得到解决，这的浏览水平也就随之不断的提高。方法七：学会举一反三在托福浏览的整个学习经过中，考生要学会类推，也就是在你完全把握了文章内容之

17、后，对于文章中出现的一些问题，我们能够把它联络到日常的生活当中，假如在生活当中我们会怎么样，利用这样的联带的关系，考生能够愈加的对浏览文章时行融汇贯穿，大在的提高本人的浏览兴趣和能力。这也是托福浏览提高的一个很好的途径。托福浏览人物题材的内容整理文学家，艺术家，尤其是歌唱家，舞蹈家的女性(ETS重女轻男，阴盛阳衰)编号考题年月职业性别姓名1.81/11小讲家女EDITHWHARTON2.82/1护士女GLARALOUIS3.82/8天文艺术男LUCIENRUDAUX4.82/11新闻摄影女M.B.WHITE5.85/5政治家男马丁路德金6.85/11文学家女C.F.WOOLSON7.86/3女

18、权主义女F.D.ROOSEVELT夫人8.87/8雕塑家女M.ESCOBAR9.87/12印第安人女ELLAGARSSO10.89/1P1小讲家男ROBERTHERRICK11.89/8P11歌唱家女ELLAFITZGERALD12.89/10P20芭蕾舞女AGNESDEMILLE13.90/1P25闹剧作家女MERRYOTISWARREN14.90/5P29文学家女GERTRUDESTEIN15.90/10P40农化学家男G.W.CARVER16.91/1P43诗人女艾米丽狄金森17.91/5P46画家女GRANDMAMOSES18.91/10P59画家女C.L.GRAZA19.92/1P6

19、4舞蹈家女LUCINACHILDS20.92/5P68舞蹈家女MARTHAGRAHAM21.92/8P72舞蹈家女MARTHAGRAHAM22.P81文学家女PEARL.S.BUCK23.P88发明家男MCCOY润滑油24.P93舞蹈家女ISADORADUNCAN25.P100小丑演员男JOHNDURANG26.P104艺术支持女G.V.WHITNEY27.P112数学女MARJORIERICE28.P115画家女G.O.KEEFFE29.P117发明家男THOMAS.A.EDISON30.P123画家男WINSLOWHOMER31.P131画家女GRANDMAMOSES32.P143诗人女H

20、ILDADOOLITTLE33.P146雕塑家女LOUISNEVELSON34.普样1诗人女MARIANNEMOORE35.96/1文学家女JOICECAROLOATES托福浏览背景材料：加拿大历史武侠世界里讲究的是“无招胜有招，可是出国留学这档子事儿，有经历显然要比没经历有利得多，天道电子书下载（谁讲申请高手没有机密）留学之道尽收囊中。offer来了，体检过了，你还害怕什么?当然是签证，天道电子书下载（玩转留学签证）让你的留学之路坦荡到底。HistoryWellbeforeColumbusdiscoveredAmericain1492,prehistorictribesfromAsiahad

21、comeacrosstheBeringStrait;andaroundAD1000,theVikings,thefirstEuropeanvistors,hadtriedtosettleinnorthernNewfoundland.BythetimesubsequentEuropeansarrived,CanadasIndiantribeshadalreadydevelopedamultitudeoflanguages,customs,religiousbeliefs,tradingpatterns,artsandcrafts,lawsandgovernments.Althoughanumbe

22、rofEuropeancountrieswereinterestedinestablishingsettlementsintheAmericas,itwasFrenchexplorerJacquesCartierwhomadethefirstclaimontheareasurroundingtheStLawrenceRiverin1534.AnotherFrenchexplorer,SamueldeChamplain,foundedQuebecCityintheearly1600s.In1663Canada,nowhometoabout3000Frenchsettlers,becameapro

23、vinceofFrance.JustastheFrenchstartedtothriveonthefurtrade,theBritishenteredthescene,foundingtheHudsonsBayCompanyin1670toaddabitoffriendlycompetition.Forawhile,thetwoEuropeanculturescoexistedpeacefully.Then,in1745,BritishtroopscapturedaFrenchfortinNovaScotia-thestruggleforcontrolofthenewlandwason.The

24、turningpointinwhatbecameknownastheSevenYearsWararrivedwhentheBritishdefeatedtheFrenchatQuebecCityin1759.AttheTreatyofParisin1763,FrancehandedCanadaovertoBritain.BytheendoftheAmericanRevolution(1775-83),amigrationofabout50,000BritishLoyalistsfromtheUSAcreatedamoreevenbalancebetweentheFrenchandBritish

25、populations.AftertheWarof1812-thelastwarbetweenCanadaandtheUSA,inwhichCanadawasvictorious-Britain,fearfuloflosingCanadaasithadtheAmericanColonies,proclaimedtheBritishNorthAmericaAct(BNAAct)in1867.TheActestablishedtheDominionofCanadaandbecameCanadasequivalentofaconstitution.By1885thecompletionoftheCa

26、nadianPacificRailway-oneofCanadasgreathistoricalsagas-joinedthecountryseastandwestcoasts.By1912allprovinceshadbecomepartofthecentralgovernmentexceptNewfoundland,whichfinallyjoinedin1949.AfterWWICanadagrewslowlyinstatureandprosperity,becomingavoluntarymemberoftheCommonwealthin1931.WiththeonsetofWWII,

27、CanadaonceagainfoughtalongsideBritainagainstGermany,thoughthistimeitalsoenteredintodefenseagreementswiththeUSA,declaringwaronJapanaftertheattackonPearlHarbor.IntheyearsafterWWII,CanadaexperiencedahugewaveofEuropeanimmigration,withafurtherinfluxofAsians,Arabs,Indians,Italians,HispanicsandCaribbeansar

28、rivinginthe1960s.Thepostwarerawasaperiodofeconomicexpansionandprosperity.In1967Canadacelebratedits100thanniversarywithExpo,theWorldsFairinMontreal,asoneofthehighlights.Since1975,aseriesoflandrightsagreementshasbeensignedwithCanadasnativepeoples,givingthemsomecontrolovervastswathesofthenorthernportio

29、nofthecountry.Thesocialupheavalsofthe1960sbroughttothesurfacethefesteringresentmentsthatFrench-speakingQuebechadwithEnglish-speakingCanada.In1976thePartiQuebecois(PQ),advocatingseparatism,wontheprovincialelectioninQuebec,thoughsentimentsontheissuehavesincewaxedandwaned.Inthe1980sovereigntyreferendum

30、,theseparatistsweredefeatedby60%ofthevote.InOctober1995,thevotewasextremelyclose,withCanadacomingwithinafewthousandvotesofbreakingup.Theprimeminister,JeanChrtien,hassinceattemptedtoappeasetheQuebeckersbyrecognisingtheprovinceasadistinctsociety.In2000,Chrtienheldanearlyelectionandsecuredhisthirdconsecutiveterm.Meanwhile,thepassingofformerprimeministerPierreTrudeaucontinuestobemourned,anddisappointmentoverthenationsfailedbidtoholdthe2020Olympics(losingtoBeijing)isonlyslowlywaning.老托福浏览试题及答案：PASSAGE19