关系代词的用法ppt课件.ppt

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1、Unit 4 The Attributive Clause 1 定语从句定语从句 1v定语定语：定语通常用来修饰名词或代词，说明：定语通常用来修饰名词或代词，说明其品质或特征。用作定语的词有形容词，名其品质或特征。用作定语的词有形容词，名词，代词，数词，副词，非谓语动词，介词词，代词，数词，副词，非谓语动词，介词短语以及从句等。短语以及从句等。 The kinds of attribute(定语定语):1.He is an honest boy.2.We love our country.3.Whats your telephone number?4.Marx found it importa

2、nt to study the situation in Russia.修饰修饰, 限定限定5.The foreigner who visited our school yesterday is from Canada. The kinds of attribute(定语定语):1.He is an honest boy.2.We love our country.3.Whats your telephone number?4.Marx found it important to study the situation in Russia.修饰修饰, 限定限定5.The foreigner w

3、ho visited our school yesterday is from Canada. v由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子叫复合句。句子叫复合句。The red apple is mine.The green apple is yours.The apple which is red is mine.The apple which is green is yours.定语从句：是指在复合句中，定语从句：是指在复合句中，修饰修饰 或或 的从句。的从句。被定语从句所修饰的名词或代被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫做词叫做“ ”“ ”。引导定语从句

4、的词叫引导定语从句的词叫“ ”“ ”。 名词名词代词代词先行词先行词关系词关系词The Attributive clause 定语从句定语从句She is the girl who can speak English very well.The Attributive clause 1定语从句定语从句先行词先行词关系词关系词关系词关系词关系关系代词代词关系关系副词副词who whomthat whichwhosewhen where why1. 引导定语从句。引导定语从句。2. 代替先行词。代替先行词。3. 在定语从句中担当在定语从句中担当 一个成分。一个成分。关系词的三个作用关系词的三个作用

5、: :She is the girl who can speak English very well.关系词关系词关系代词关系代词that可指人可指人, 可指物可指物, 作主语或宾语作主语或宾语 (作作宾语可省略宾语可省略, 前面不能加介词前面不能加介词)2. which指物指物, 作主语或宾语作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省作宾语可省略略, 若介词提前则不能省若介词提前则不能省) 3. who指人指人, 作主语或宾语作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省作宾语可省略略, 前面不能加介词前面不能加介词)4. whom指人指人, 作宾语作宾语 (作宾语可省略作宾语可省略, 若若介词提前则不能省介词提前则不能省)

6、5. whose可指认，可指物，做定语可指认，可指物，做定语The boys who / that are playing football are from Class One. (主语主语)The man (whom / that) you met just nowis my teacher.(宾语宾语)Plane is a machine which / that can fly.(主语主语)This is the pen (which / that) he bought yesterday.(宾语宾语)Yesterday she talked with one woman _ husb

7、and died in that accident. A. which B. whose C. of which D. thatB关系代词表示先行词的所属关系，指人关系代词表示先行词的所属关系，指人和物时都用和物时都用whose, ,可理解为可理解为“的的”1. The student _father works in the factory is sitting there.2. I like the rooms _windows face south.3.This is the desk _legs were broken. whosewhosewhoseBeijing is the ci

8、ty _has got the chance to host the 2008 Olympic Games.the city / get the chance to host the 2008 Olympic Gameswhich / thatYe Xin is a nurse_died in the fight against SARS. a nurse/ die in the fight against SARSwho / thatTitanic is the ship _sank after hitting an iceberg.which/that关系代词用法关系代词用法 关系代词关系

9、代词 指代指代在从句中的作用在从句中的作用 that which who whom whose人人/ /物物 主主/ /宾宾 主主/ /宾宾 主主/ /宾宾 宾宾 定定 人人 人人人物人物 物物 SummarySummary一般多用一般多用that的情况：的情况：I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow.Ive read all the books that are not mine. (1) 先行词为先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等不定等

10、不定代词时。代词时。(2)先行词被先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等修饰时。等修饰时。This is the first book (that) he has read.This is the very book that belongs to him.(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。(4)先行词被先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时。修饰时。(5)who或或which的问句中。的问句中。 Who is the girl drove the car? W

11、hich is the book you bought last week? (6) 当先行词在定语从句中作当先行词在定语从句中作be表语時表语時 She isnt the girl she was 10 years ago.1. All _ we need is to be supplied with food and clothing. A. what B. that C. which D. whom2.The man_talked to you just now is an engineer. A. who B. whose C. which D. whatExercises:3. Ca

12、n you tell me the name of the factory_ you visited last week? A. what B. in where C. / D. when4. I dont like the way_ you speak to her. A. that B. in that C. who D. whose5. The most important thing_ we should pay attention to is the first thing _ I have said. A. which; that B. that; which C. which;

13、which D. that; that6. She spent the whole evening talking about the things and persons_ none of us has ever heard of. A. which B. who C. whom D. that7. Who is the person_ is talking about the accident _ happened on Highway 104? A. which; which B. who; what C. that; that D. what; what1._ is known to

14、everybody, the moon travels around the earth once every month. (NMET 2001) A. It B. As C. That D. what2.The famous basketball star, _ tried to make a comeback（恢复）（恢复）, attracted a lot of attention. (北京北京 2002春季春季) A. where B. when C. which D. who3. Her sister has become a lawyer, _ she wanted to be.

15、 （湖北（湖北 2005）A. who B. that C. what D. which4. Do you have any idea _ is actually going on in the classroom? （辽宁（辽宁 2005） A. that B. what C. as D. which5. Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from _ effects the people are still suffering. （天津（天津 2005） A. that B. whose C. those D.

16、 what6. Women _ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those _ dont.（2006 北京）北京） A. who; 不填不填 B. who; 不填不填 C. who; who D. 不填；不填不填；不填7. His movie won several awards at the film festival, _ was beyond his wildest dream. (2007 上海上海) A. which B. that

17、C. where D. it8. The thought of going back home was kept him happy while he was working abroad(2007 上海春上海春) A. that B. all that C. all what D. which一一 who 引导引导 的定语从句的定语从句（1）先行词是人，在从句中作主语（不可省）先行词是人，在从句中作主语（不可省略略=that）The girl who is speaking at the meeting is our monitor.The man _ is our teacher. Do

18、you know the man _?The poor man _is called Johnwho is shaking hands with my fatherthat /who spoke just now?who lost his money just now(2)先行词为先行词为one, ones, anyone, he, all, people, those 在从句中作主语用在从句中作主语用who,此时此时不用不用that, who 不可省略不可省略a.The person I want to learn from is one _b. Anyone _must give his

19、reason.c. He_ get burnt.d. All_ were excited.who studies hard.who speaks in classwho plays with firewho heard the newsv(3) there be 开头的句子，先行词是人，用who,(不用that) 不可省略There is a boy _who wants to see you (4) 定语从句中的谓语动词与先行词有关定语从句中的谓语动词与先行词有关Anyone who _(break) the law will be punished Those who _(break) t

20、he law will be punished.a.先行词由先行词由 one of 修饰，定语从句中的谓语修饰，定语从句中的谓语动词用复数动词用复数He is one of the best players who _(be) liked by many people.He is one of the students who _ (study) hard.breaksbreakarestudyb.先行词由先行词由 the only/very one of 修饰时，定修饰时，定语从句中的谓语动词用单数语从句中的谓语动词用单数He is the only one of the best play

21、ers who _(be) liked by many people.Tom is the only one of the students who _ (be) from the countryside.isis二 whom 引导的定语从句（1）先行词是人，在从句中作宾语，此时也可用who(口语)，whom, 也可用that.可也省略The doctor (whom/that )you are waiting for is in the room.Do you know the girl (whom/that) Mr. Li often talks to .The man (whom/tha

22、t) you met just now is my father.The engineer (whom/that) my father works with is about 50 years old.The policeman (whom/that) you can turn to for help is my brother.The man (whom /that) the girl falls in love with is my father.v三 whose 引导的定语从句在句中作定语，其后接名词，名词与先行词构成从属关系，既指人也指物。不可省略a.This is the write

23、r whose name is known. =the name of whom =of whom the nameb. The river whose banks are covered with trees is long. =the banks of which =of which the banksc. His parents wouldnt let him marry any body whose family was poor.=the family of whom=of whom the familyd. Have you seen the film “Titanic”,_ le

24、ading actor is world-famous.=the leading actor of which=of which the leading actore. Do you know the boy _ father died in the fire =the father of whom =of whom the father.whose whosef. The college wont take on anyone _ eyesight is weak.=the eyesight of whom=of whom the eyesighth. This is the house t

25、he window _ faces south.i. Mr. Wang is a boss, _(李平在他的工厂工作)whoseof whichin whose factory LiPing workswhose factory Li Ping works in四 as 引导的限定从句，可指人或物，在从句中作主语，宾语，表语，先行词常有such, the same, as 等词修饰。（1）the same.as.; 和.一样I like the same book as you describe.I like to wear the same clothes as you wear.Wed l

26、ike to have the same haircut as Mr. Li has.v(2)such .as; 如此如此.; 这样的这样的.; soasWe have read such a book as was talked about at yesterdays meeting.(as在从句中作主语在从句中作主语)我们已经读过昨天在会议上被谈论的那本书。我们已经读过昨天在会议上被谈论的那本书。He isnt such a man as he used to be.(as在从句中作表语在从句中作表语)Here is so heavy a box as can be lifted by n

27、obody.（ as在从句中作主语）在从句中作主语）这里有一个没有人能搬得动的重箱子这里有一个没有人能搬得动的重箱子He is such a man as is always complaining about something.他就是这样一个一直抱怨的人他就是这样一个一直抱怨的人(as在从句中作主语在从句中作主语)（3） 区别区别 the same as.; the samethat 同一类同一类 同一个同一个This is the same watch as I lost.（这块手表和我丢的一样）（这块手表和我丢的一样）This is the same watch that I lost

28、, give me, please， Ill use it.（这就是我丢的那块手表（这就是我丢的那块手表）(4) 区别区别 suchas.; (as引导定语从句，从句中动引导定语从句，从句中动词之后不再有宾语词之后不再有宾语)such.that（that 后引导结果状语从句，动作后引导结果状语从句，动作之后有宾语）之后有宾语）This is such a heavy box as no one can lift .动词后面没有宾语了，动词后面没有宾语了，as在从句中作宾语在从句中作宾语(定从定从)This is such a heavy box that no one can lift it.

29、动词后面有动词后面有it 做宾语，做宾语，that 后面是结果状语从句。后面是结果状语从句。He is such a good teacher as we all like He is such a good teacher that we all like him 五 which 引导的限定从句，只指物，不指人。1.先行词是物，在从句中作主语，此时=that,不可省略（1）他不在（刚才到达的）火车上。 （2）（正在被建设的）楼房有30多米高（3）（被你刚才寻找的）那个男孩在这。He is not in the train that /which arrived just nowThe bui

30、lding which /that is being built is 30 meters high.The boy _is here. who was looked for by you（4）（矗立在那边的）楼房是我们的实验室。2. 先行词是物，在从句中作宾语，此时=that，可以省略（1）他回来取（他落下的）那本书。（2）（你给我的）那块手表走的准。（3）（你正在找的）那本书在这。（4）（我哥哥正在谈论的）那本书是汤姆的。4. 从句中动词与介词连用，或动词与副词连用，可以用 介词+which，的结构。Can you lend me the magazine _ you talked yes

31、terday?The car _ he spent 2000 yuan is made in Jilin.The car _ he paid 2000 yuan is made in Jilin.about whichon whichfor whichv5. 只能用只能用which 不能用不能用that特殊情况特殊情况（1）关系代词钱面有介词时，不能用）关系代词钱面有介词时，不能用thatThe car for which he paid 2000 yuan, is made in Jilin. (2) 一个句子中有两个定语从句，其中一个用了一个句子中有两个定语从句，其中一个用了that，另一

32、个用，另一个用which，以避免重复，以避免重复Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the library which was newly open to us.(3) 关系代词后面有插入语时，不能用关系代词后面有插入语时，不能用that。Here is the English grammar book which, as I have told you, will help improve your English.1. Is this the factory _ he worked ten years ago? A. that B.

33、 where C. which D. the one2. Is this factory _ some foreign friends visited last Friday? A. That B. where C. which D. the oneExercise3. May the fourth is the day _ we Chinese people will never forget. A. which B. when C. on which D. about which4. Is that the reason _ you are in favor of the proposal

34、? A. which B. what C. why D. for that5. I like the second football match _ was held last week. A. which B. who C. that D. /6. I will never forget the day_ we studied together. A. at which B. on that C. at that D. on which7. I should like to use the same TV set _ is used in your classroom. A. which B

35、. who C. as D. whose8. The Second World War _ millions of people were killed ended in 1945. A. on whichB. where C. in thatD. during which9. Who can think of a situation _ this idiom can be used? A. which B. that C. where D. in that10. Were talking about the piano and the pianist _ were in the concer

36、t we attended last night. A. which B. whom C. who D. that11. I have many books, some of _ are on chemistry. A. Them B. that C. which D. those12. I dont like _ you speak to her. A. the way B. the way in that C. the way which D. the way of which13. Can you tell me the name of the factory _ you visited

37、 last week? A. what B. where C. / D. when14. I can still remember the sitting-room _ my mother and I used to sit in the evening. A. what B. which C. that D. wherev1 Whenever I met her ,_was fairly often . v she greeted me with a sweet smile.vA who B which C when D thatv2 Because of the financial cri

38、sis , days are gone _local 5-star hotels charged 6000 yuan for one night .vA if B when C which D sincev3 Last week ,only two people came to look at the house _wanted buy it vA none of them B both of them vC none of whom D neither of whom v4The dictionary ,_ the cover is broken , is Toms vA of it B w

39、hose C of which D for whichv5On the table ,she found a piece of paper _ some Japanese wordsvA which were written B on which were written C that was written D on that were written v6.I was given 3 books on writing, the first _ I really enjoyed .vA of that B of which C which D thatv7 She was educated

40、at Shangdong University ,_ she went on to have her advanced study abordvA after which B from which C from that D after thatv8.I will never forget the day _ I joined the League vA which B that C on which D wherev9. Is this the reason _ he explained at the meeting for his carelessness in his work.vA w

41、hat B how C why D that v10.We are talking about the subject _ importance I havent realized yetvA which B that C of which D whosev11. The house _ we live is very large vA at which B in which C which D on which v12.The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year .80%_ are sold abroadvA o

42、f which B which of C of them D of that v13 Recently I bought a vase ,_ was very reasonable vA the price of whose B its price C which price D the price of which14.Luckily wed brought a road map without _ we would have lost our way A it B that C this D which 15.She brought many books yesterday _ many

43、are written in English A of which B in which C which D of that 16 It was an exciting moment for these football fans this year ,_ for the first time in years their team won the World Cup A that B while C which D when 17.Gun control is a subject _ Americans have argued for a long time A of which B with which C about which D into which