翻译专业开题报告最新.docx

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1、翻译专业开题报告翻译专业开题报告1How to Deal with Ellipsis in English-Chinese TranslationI. Purpose and SignificanceWith the development of globalization, the worlds political, economic and cultural communications are becoming increasingly frequent. Therefore, the role of translation cannot be ignored. However, the

2、 differences between English and Chinese cultures that are reflected in the two languages pose considerable difficulty.It is acknowledged that when doing translation one can not translate word for word, or sentence by sentence. Therefore, we must use some translation strategies such as amplification

3、, ellipsis, conversion and so on. Ellipsis as one of the basic translation methods plays an essential role in English-Chinese rendition. Translators apply it in order to make their versions more coherent and understandable.According to the Oxford Advanced Learners English-Chinese Dictionary, ellipsi

4、s means leaving out a word or words from a sentence deliberately, when the meaning can be understood without them. Ellipsis in translation does not mean cutting some content from the original articles. What could be omitted are words that are useless in translated works or else they will make the ve

5、rsions redundant or disobey the manner of expression in another language.Some words and phrases are useless in Chinese but necessary in English. Articles in English are the most significant phenomenon from this aspect. They are very important in English, but we can hardly see any reflection of this

6、part in Chinese. Ellipsis is designed on the basis of faithfulness to the original text, making it more fluent, smooth, concise, thus conforming to idiomatic Chinese. The paper will explore ellipsis in English-Chinese translation from five aspects, which are ellipses of pronouns, conjunctions, artic

7、les, prepositions, modifications, so as to achieve smoother and clearer communications among China and English-speaking countries.II. Literature ReviewLong before, some people began to learn other countries languages to understand others cultures. In China, Xuanzang was the first translator who not

8、only translated the Sanskrit sutras into Chinese, but introduced the first Chinese writings to foreign countries, making foreigners understand Chinas ancient culture. Meanwhile, he was the first to translate Lao Tses works into Sanskrit. Indian scholars had a high opinion of Xuanzang, In China, ther

9、e is no such great translator, and also in the human cultural history, we can only say that Xuanzang is the first great translator.(Ye Lang, 20xx) We can say that it was Xuanzang who motivated people to know the different parts of the world, their cultures and the peoples who live there. Then, some

10、big countries such as America, China, and so on became a melting pot.(Gu Zhengkun, 20xx) People have imperceptibly spent thousands of years in knowing each other.With Chinas entry into WTO and its open-up policy, cross-cultural exchanges are increasingly frequent between this country and others. A l

11、ot of foreign tourists come to visit China. While traveling, these foreigners are not satisfied with the translations of the scenic spots. Sometimes, they even feel confused. A lot of problems exist in the translation, such as misuse of words, poor expression of meaning and so on. All of these poor

12、translations do harm to our countrys international image, and cause a lot of inconveniences for the foreign visitors. (Ma Zuyi, 20xx). I am fond of tourism and being a free tourist like the others who are good at enjoying their wonderful lives. The love of tourism makes me feel the need to improve t

13、he translation. But every time when I have a trip, many unsuitable translations of the names of those scenic spots will embarrass me. Tourism is part of intercultural communication, so proper translation of the scenic spots become more and more important to our country.Communication plays a signific

14、ant role in the globalized society. In order to know each other better, people from all over the world have tried a verity of ways. Of course, translation is one of them. All translators have done their best to make the translated works more consistent with the needs of people.(Gu Jinming, 1997) Fro

15、m my perspective, they really have done a great job. And I want to retrospect the cause of their development. After a thorough evaluation, I choose a branch of translationellipsis in translation from English to Chinese, then I did the following jobs.I put all my researches and other stuffs together,

16、 and then I found that it is a common case in English and Chinese which draws much academic interest. In 1976, Halliday and Hsan classified ellipsis into nominal, verbal and clausal ellipsis. This classification exerts great influence in academic circle. Thereafter, ellipsis in Chinese and English h

17、as been studied according to this theory, which is based on different layers of structure. This kind of study underlines differentiations and similarities of ellipsis in Chinese and English.Another famous theory to explain ellipsis is Economy Principle. Economy Principle was put forward by Chomsky (

18、1991,1993, and 1995) in his Generate Crammer. It maintains that language and linguistic study follow Economy Principle, which means using the least effort to express the most information. This principle just coincides with ellipsis in function.In this thesis, I think that brevity is the most obvious

19、 and common function of ellipsis, especially in daily language. And in both English and Chinese, people advocate brevity. Shakespeare once remarked, “brevity is the soul of wit”, and in Chinese there are numerous idioms like “yan jian yi gai” (meaning compendious). However, apart from the function o

20、f brevity, ellipsis embodies other functions which are also pretty common in the two languages but less noticed.(Hua Xianfa,20xx)These functions distribute in both English and Chinese unevenly and represent great colorfulness of language. Exploring other functions of ellipsis and searching for funct

21、ional recreation in translation will be of much benefit to both English to Chinese and Chinese to English translation.I found that when Chinese authors try to analyse ellipsis in English to Chinese translation, they always initially put articles in the list. They consider that it is a common phenome

22、non that Chinese always leave out personal articles. While it is obviously different in English that almost every sentence has a subject, we can see articles fluently. That is because when we translate from English to Chinese, personal articles can be omitted, even though sometimes it may appear onc

23、e, it can also be omitted if necessary. Furthermore, if the objects can be seen obviously, personal articles should also be omitted. However, it never happens in English. From this point, it is not only allowable but also necessary when we translate personal articles which are objects in sentences i

24、nto Chinese.In my point of view, the development of society has in some way has deliberately promoted the way of peoples thinking, translation system has become more and more perfect, people from all over the world have enjoyed the convenience. However, we can not neglect that there are still some p

25、roblems in this field in China, and we have less influential Chinese translators in the world. Therefore, we still have a long way to go in translation.III. Feasibility AnalysisThis academic paper is a feasible project and the reasons are as follows:1.I have great interests in the way of English-Chi

26、nese translation.2.I have already studied translation methods and have been familiar with the functions and applications of ellipsis .3.I have collected enough references both Chinese and Western on ellipsis intranslation and do a scrupulous study of the relationship between them.4.I have a carefull

27、y planned schedule and have worked out a detailed outline of this thesis.5.I have acquainted myself with the correct format, a clear and complete structure required by the academic paper, and my adequate English competence will enable me to write in fluent and precise English.6.My instructor is a qu

28、alified translator who is familiar with the subject I havechosen.IV. Problems of the research and solutions1. ProblemsDespite the references I have collected and read, a thorough study of ellipsis in English-Chinese translation from the point of freely using still needs far more. Whats more, owing t

29、o the limited ways of getting references in Xinjiang, I will have to make full use of my present resources. Also, this is the first time I have ever written such a serious academic paper. I am therefore a learner and lack the needed training and experience.2. Solutions(1) I shall make full use of my

30、 already acquired references which come from books, magazines and the Internet as well.(2) I shall value my own original thoughts and mainly rely on detailed analysis that I have read from the books which have closely idea with my purpose.(3) When I have difficulties in the writing process, I shall

31、consult my instructor and seek for help.V. Necessary conditions1. Our university and school of foreign languages have provided the basic study and research conditions and facilities, including books and journals in the library and reading rooms.2. The Internet is another source of information and on

32、 the campus we have easy access to the Internet.3. I have been assigned an instructor to guide me through the whole process of planning and writing.VI. OutlineI. IntroductionA. A Brief Introduction of Ellipsis in TranslationB. What Should We Pay Attention to When Dealing with EllipsisC. The Reason W

33、hy Ellipsis Is So Widely Used in Translation1. Chinese Expressions Are Much Briefer Than That of English2. English Grammar Is Wee-Knit and Complete in Sentence StructureII. The Principles of EllipsisA. Omitted Words Must Be Useless And Unnecessary in the Translated WorksB. The Meaning of the Omitted

34、 Words Is Implied in the TestC. Omitted Words Which Are Self-Evident. The Functions and Applications of EllipsisA. The Coherence of the Meaning of ExpressionB. The Coincidence of the Manner of Expression1. Ellipsis of Articlesa. Ellipsis of Definite Articlesb. Ellipsis of Indefinite Articles2. Ellip

35、sis of Prepositions3. Ellipsis of Pronounsa. Ellipsis of Personal and Impersonal Pronounsb. Ellipsis of Indefinite Pronounsc. Ellipsis of Relative Pronouns4. Ellipsis of Conjunctionsa. Ellipsis of Coordinating Conjunctionsb. Ellipsis of Subordinate Conjunctions5. Ellipsis of Rhetorica. Ellipsis of R

36、epeated Wordsb. Ellipsis of Synonyms翻译专业开题报告2选题的缘由、基本内容：英语成语(idiom)是英语的核心与精华。其内容丰富，寓意深刻，具有深厚的感情色调。假如能在文章、谈话或对外交往中，恰当地加以运用，会大大增加语言的表达实力，收到良好的效果。英语谚语是英语语言的精华，是英国艺术宝库的奇丽明珠。英语谚语的句式特点是句式简洁，语言精炼，富于形象比方，充溢浓郁的民族色调。学习和探讨英语谚语有助于启迪思想，开拓视野，了解英国的历史文化、风土人情，以及英国人民的人生哲理，同时还可以学到生动活泼的大众语言。本文通过比较英汉成语及谚语这两种语言的相像及不同之处，具

37、体的介绍英语成语及谚语。第一部分主要从内容和形式两方面谈谈英语成语及谚语的基本特色;其次部分谈及英语成语及谚语的一般翻译方法和翻译时应当留意的一些问题。相关资料收集状况：陈亚光。小议英谚语和成语的创新。上海外国语学院学报，1983。黄粉保。英汉成语翻译漫谈。云梦学刊，1999/2顾雪梁。语成语英译探究。广州师范学院学报，1993/2。张培基，喻云根，李宗杰，彭谟禹。英汉翻译教程。北京：中国外语教化出版社，xx/8杨永和。英语谚语的修辞特点探讨。重庆工学院学报,xx/3。论文提纲：thesis statemen：this essay discourse the features and tran

38、slation of englishidioms and proverbs. and from the society culture to find out the basic different between chinese.outline. introduction: for chinese students, english idioms and proverbs is a stumbling block. so the characteristics and translation of idioms and proverbs should be studied. the char

39、acteristics of english idioms and proverbsa. the characteristics of english idioms1. simple but rich2. harmonious phonology3. vivid metaphorb. the characteristics of english proverb1. concise and clear2. symmetrical sentence pattern3. rich and varied rhetoric. the translation of english idioms and p

40、roverbsa. the theories of translation1. literal translation2. free translation3. mechanical application of the synonym chinese proverb4. literal translation and free translationb. the points of translation1. the literal translation of proverbs prohibited2. the translation of proverbs to keep the ori

41、ginal text style3. the translation of proverbs to notice the national characteristic4. the translation of proverbs to notice the artistic characteristic. conclusion翻译专业开题报告31. 开题时间：10月下旬或11月上旬。开题报告用汉语撰写。2. 答辩时间：下一年的5月中下旬。3. 论文写作形式及要求：论文用汉语撰写(文中举例可为英文)，主要形式为基于个人翻译实践的翻译(实践)探讨。详细要求如下：1)口、笔译论文长度均不少于1.5万

42、字(不包括附录中的原文和译文)。要求供应附录(原文+译文)。笔译论文中所附原文和译文不少于1万字，口译论文中所附口译转写的原文和译文不少于5千字。2)选材要求：笔译原则上必需是自己曾参与过的项目或习作，口译原则上必需是自己参与过的口译实践或口译练习。3)翻译的作品原则上必需是原创的，不能抄袭或改译他人译文。4)论文主要由以下各部分组成致谢摘要Abstract1. 任务描述(探讨背景/现状，探讨内容，探讨意义)2. 任务过程2.1 译前打算2.2 翻译过程3.3 译后审校3.案例分析(基于自身翻译实践的详细翻译案例绽开探讨，如翻译原则、标准、策略、方法、特定语言现象如中国特色词汇、四字格、隐喻等

43、的处理、翻译风格，等等)。4.实践总结参考文献附录：原文+译文5)写作格式(引文出处标注、参考文献等)及论文版式参照外语学院探讨生论文手册第六部分“论文撰写的规定与格式”。20xx-9-20说明：论文原则上采纳以上框架模式(以上述框架模式为主，激励、提倡学生采纳以上写作模式)。如确有必要也可采纳以下三类模式之一：关于MTI硕士学位论文写作的说明(20xx-6)1. 论文写作形式：论文用汉语写作，可有以下三种形式：A. 翻译市场调查报告(汉语写作)(1.5万字)B. 个人翻译实践总结(汉语写作)(1.5万字)C. 机(器/助)翻译实践总结(汉语写作)(1.5万字)2. 论文写作规范：按外语学院探

44、讨生论文写作手册要求办。3. 论文写作提纲样例：A. 翻译市场调查报告样例武汉市翻译市场调查报告i. 致谢ii.中文摘要iii.英文摘要1. 导言2. 武汉市翻译市场的现状2.1.翻译机构的类别及数量2.1.1政府翻译机构2.1.2.国企翻译机构2.1.3.私体翻译机构2.2.翻译产品的品种及出版状况2.2.1.文学作品2.2.2.社科作品2.2.3.自然科学类作品2.2.4.应用文作品2.3.翻译市场的需求及存在的问题2.3.1.口译需求2.3.2笔译需求2.3.3.应对需求存在的问题3. 翻译市场的应对措施3.1.政府政策3.2.培育机构的任务3.3.培训与市场的连接3.4.人才的市场适应

45、4. 结语参考文献B. 个人翻译实践总结样例“转换”在翻译中的应用探讨1.前言2. .的语言特点2.1.用词特点2.2.用句特点3. 处理.语言特点的原则及方法3.1.原则：忠实与通顺3.2.方法：合理应用转换4. 转换应用的范围4.1.词语的转换4.2.短语的转换4.3.句子的转换5. 应用转换的要领5.1.5.2.5.3.6. 结语参考文献C. 机器翻译实践总结样例机器协助翻译XXX在“?”中的应用探讨1. 前言2. XXX的功能特点2.1.处理词的特点2.2.处理句子的特点3.“?”文本的语言特点3.1.词语层面的特点3.2.句法层面的特点3.3.语篇层面的特点4. XXX应用的要领4.1.4.2.4.3.5. 结语参考文献