全最新整编汇总版大学英语第三册Unit3TheLandofTheLock.doc

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1、*.Unit 3 The Land of The LockLanguage Points of Text A:I. Words and Expression1 on the latch: (L2) closed but not locked拴着门闩（并未锁着）e.g. Let yourself in; the door is on the latch. 自己进来吧，门上了闩，但没锁。Dont forget to leave the front door on the latch if you go to bed before I come back. 要是我回来之前你就睡了，请别把前门锁死。【

2、扩展】off the latch 虚掩的，半闩的2 rural(Line 6), urban(Line 9) & suburban(Line 14)Collocation: urban districts 市区 / urban areas 市区 / the urban population 城市人【辨析】urban & municipal 都有“都市的、城市的”之意urban 指以都市中心为主的行政区municipal 指与城市、市镇或其政府相关的部门、服务机构，尤指市政府机构管辖下属于公共的、为公众服务的设施、事业等Nowadays, as the population and vehicl

3、es increase, urban districts seem to be more crowded.a municipal council 市议会 the municipal government 市政府a municipal university 市立大学3 tranquil (L10) a. calm, quite and undisturbed e.g. He has long been fascinated by the idea of a tranquil rural life after his retirement.他很久就憧憬着退休后能过上宁静的乡村生活e.g. Visi

4、tors like to stay in this hotel because it is beautiful and located in a tranquil lake area.tranquility: n. state of being tranquil e.g. 尖厉的惊叫声打破了夜晚的宁静。A sharp cry of surprise disturbed the tranquility of the night.CF: tranquil & calm这两个词都有“安静的、平静的”之意。tranquil 指安宁的、平静的。e.g.We found a tranquil spot o

5、n the bank of a river to have a rest. 我们在河岸上找到一块宁静的地方休息了一下。e.g. She has a tranquil life in the country, in a out-of-way little village.她在乡间一座偏僻的小村子里过着宁静的生活。calm表示平静的、镇静的，指一种毫无迷惑与兴奋的宁静状态。e.g. He went straight into his room, his face quite calm.他径直走进自己的房间，脸色十分平静。4 hook up to (L13): connect or attach t

6、o 连接到e.g. My computer is hooked up to the Internet, so I can communicate with my students at home via email.e.g. The alarm systems in the banks are hooked up to the local police station.银行的报警系统与当地的警察局有连接。5 build in (into) (L15): make (sth.) as part of the structuree.g. The cupboards in the kitchen a

7、re all built in.e.g. We are having shelves built into the wall over the bed.6 pry (L15): 1) force open 撬开e.g. Having lost his key he had no alternative but to pry open the door with a screwdriver (螺丝刀).2）探查，窥探，打听e.g. Dont pry into the affairs of others.不要打听别人的私事。【扩展】pry sth. open/away 撬开，撬动pry about

8、 到处窥探 pry into 窥探 打听7 barrier (L30) 障碍e.g. The program serves as a barrier that stops children viewing unhealthy programs on the Internet.这个程序作为一道屏障，可防止孩子在网上浏览不健康内容。【扩展】trade barrier 贸易壁垒 cultural barrier 文化阻隔language barrier 语言障碍 geographical barrier 地理阻隔【辨析】obstacle; impediment; obstruction; hindr

9、ance都含“阻碍”、“障碍物”的意思。obstacle指“阻碍前进的东西或状况”, 如:e.g. Her fathers opposition remained only their obstacle.她父亲的反对是他们唯一的障碍。impediment 指“妨碍正常活动而使前进受阻的事”, 特指“口吃”, 如: a speech impediment口吃。obstruction 指“阻碍整个通道的阻塞物”, 如:e.g.Your interference is an obstruction of justice.你的干预阻碍了正义。hindrance 指“阻碍事物前进的人或物”, 如: e.

10、g. It was proved a hindrance to our progress. 已证明它是我们前进的障碍barrier暗示有限制或阻止出入的阻碍物8 barricade (L33): n. a barrier of large objects, intended to stop an enemye.g. Barbed-wire barricades blocked off all the main streets. e.g. Protesters have been putting up barricades across a number of major streets.Col

11、location: place/erect/set up/put up barricades 设置路障 remove/demolish/tear down barricades 拆除路障vt. block with a barricadee.g. Workers in Spain barricaded roads and clashed with police.Pattern: barricade oneself against barricade oneself intobarricade oneself against outside moral decay barricade onese

12、lf into ones room e.g. The families in this remote village have practically barricaded themselves into their homes.9 chances are that (L36) 很有可能会发生 =It is very likely that e.g. He worked so hard. Chances were that he would win the first place in the competition. 他非常刻苦，很有可能在竞赛中夺冠。【扩展】by any chance 无论

13、如何 by chance 偶然，意外stand on a good chance 很有可能 take a chance 冒险，碰运气it chanced that 偶然发生了10 hold / keep (sb) at bay (L50): = preventfrom coming near 不让逼近e.g. Eating oranges keeps colds at bay. She left the light on at night to keep her fears at bay.她晚上开着灯来驱赶恐惧.11 without/ not so much as (L53) 甚至连都没e.g

14、. He left without so much as saying goodbye.Sonia didnt so much as thank him for his help.索尼亚对他的帮助连声谢谢都没说。12 be bathed in (L55) 沉浸于, 沐浴于e.g. The coach told him to bathe his eyes twice a day. 教练叫他每天洗眼两次。Tears bathed his cheeks. 泪流满面【扩展】go for a bathe去游泳have a bathe 游泳, 洗(海水)澡13 with / by a small / la

15、rge margin (L60) 小/大幅度地e.g. Demand for college education exceeds capacity by a large margin.对于高等教育的需求大大超过了目前的办学能力。e.g. The survey has a margin of error of 1%. 调查的错误率为1%。14 reflection (L66) 1) 有损声誉的事e.g. This is a reflection upon your honor.这有损你的名誉2) 思考;反映e.g. Her achievements are a reflection of her

16、 courage. 她的成就是她勇气的显示【扩展】Cast/throw reflections on 指责某人 On/upon reflection 经再三思考Cast a reflection on 使人们对产生鄙视或怀疑Without reflection 轻率，不经思15 look back on (L72) think about ones past 回顾e.g. When you look back on your life, what moments would you cherish the most?e.g. In his speech the president looks

17、back on the economic recovery and makes clear his desire to reduce the federal budget.【扩展】look down on轻视，看不起 look forward to盼望；期待look in顺便看望；短暂访问 look on （常与as连用）旁观II. Key Sentences1. It is not uncommon, in the most pleasant of homes, to see pasted on the windows small notices announcing that the pr

18、emises are under surveillance by this security force or that guard company.我们在那些最温馨的家庭看到贴在窗子上的小标签，这表明此屋在某个安全机构或某个保安公司的监视之下，这种现象是不足为奇的事情。It is not uncommon 意为“常常地”，这是双重否定变肯定，表示强调，本文第二段也有类似的表达: doors do not stay unlocked。 (see: P87/Usage)2. Indeed, a recent public-service advertisement by a large insu

19、rance company featured not charts showing how much at risk we are, but a picture of a childs bicycle with the now-usual padlock attached to it.事实上，一家大保险公司最近的一条公益广告不是用图表说明我们所处的危险有多大，而是用了一张安有常见挂锁的童式自行车的照片。短语notbut在这里起连接作用，意为“不是而是”；be at risk意为“处于危险中”；attached to “加于之上，附于”。3. We have become so smart ab

20、out self-protection that, in the end, we have all outsmarted ourselves. We may have locked the evils out, but in so doing we have locked ourselves in.我们在自我防卫方面变得如此聪明，最终全都聪明反被聪明误。我们或许是把邪恶锁在了门外，但在这么做的同时我们把自己锁在里边了。Text Analysis：When we read, we are not only learning new vocabulary or structures, but al

21、so looking for key information. Identifying keywords is even more important if our reading time is not that plentiful. “Lock” is the keyword in this text, by locating “locks” throughout the text, we get a pretty good idea of what this essay is about.There are several examples of comparison and contr

22、ast in this article: Para 1 vs. Para 4, Para 10 vs. Para 11, Para 12 vs. Para 13. The first pair acts as the opening of the whole piece of writing. The latter two are just two supporting details for the central argument.Its interesting to see how the author threads his narration back and forth betwe

23、en the past and the present. Never for once does he write “in the past” or “at present” explicitly. He has still cleverer devices at hand, like a subtle tense change (e.g. simple past in Para 1 vs. present perfect in Para 4), a phrase that indicated an old habit in contrast with a phrase indicating

24、the current state (i.e. “used to” vs. “no longer” in Para 11), or a summary sentence (“It wasnt always like that” in Para 12).Translation of Text A:安全问题课文A 许多年前，在美国，家家户户白天黑夜不锁门是司空见惯的。在本文中，格林叹惜人们不再相互信任，不得不凭借精密的安全设备来保护自己和财产。锁之国 -鲍勃格林小时候在家里，我们的前门总是夜不落锁。我不知道这是当地的一种说法还是大家都这么说的；“不落锁”的意思是掩上门，但不锁住。我们谁都不带钥匙；

25、晚上最后一个回家的人把门关上，这就行了。那样的日子已经一去不复返了。在乡下，在城里，门不再关着不锁上，哪怕是傍晚一段时间也不例外。在许多方面，郊区和农村甚至比巡查严密的城市街道更易受到攻击。统计显示，那些据称是安宁的地区的犯罪率上升得比城镇更为显著。不管怎么说，前门虚掩不落锁的时代是一去不复返了。取而代之的是防盗锁、防护链、电子报警系统，以及连接警署或私人保安公司的报警装置。郊区的许多人家在露台上安装了玻璃滑门，内侧有装得很讲究的钢条，这样就没人能把门撬开。在最温馨的居家，也常常看得到窗上贴着小小的告示，称本宅由某家安全保卫机构或某个保安公司负责监管。锁成了美国的新的象征。的确如此，一家大保险

26、公司最近的一则公益广告没有用图表表明我们所处的危险有多大，而是用了一幅童车的图片，车身上悬着如今随处可见的挂锁。广告指出，没错，确是保险公司理赔失窃物品，但谁来赔偿互不信任、担心害怕这种新氛围对我们的生活方式所造成的影响呢?谁来对美国从自由之国到锁之国这一蜕变作出精神赔偿呢?因为那就是现状。我们已经变得如此习惯于保护自己不受美国生活新氛围的影响，如此习惯于设置障碍，以致无暇考虑这一切意味着什么。出于某种原因，当我们觉得防范周密时才安心；我们没有想到问问自己：为什么会出现这种情况?为什么非得把自己与邻居和同住一城的居民隔绝开来，这一切究竟是从什么时候开始主宰我们生活的? 这一切确实主宰了我们的生

27、活。如果你在一家大中型公司上班，你上下班很可能不好随意进出。你可能随身带着某种出入卡，电子的或别的什么的，因为这卡能让你进出工作场所。也许前台的保安认识你这张脸，平日一挥手让你进去，但事实明摆着，你所任职的公司深感面临威胁，因此要借助这些“钥匙”不让外人靠近。这种现象并非向来有之。即使在十年前，大多数私营公司仍采取自由出入的做法。那时管理人员根本没想到过恰当的手段是不信任他人。且看各地机场。过去家长常常带孩子去登机口看飞机起飞降落。这种事再也没有了。机场不再是一个有趣的学习场所；它们成了拥有最精密的安全检查系统的场所。凭借着电子透视装置，我们似乎终于想出妙计让恐怖分子无法近身，无论是真的恐怖分

28、子还是凭空臆想的。能解决这一问题真是如释重负，于是我们就不去多想这种状况对我们的生活质量意味着什么。如今我们走过这些电子搜查器时已经看都不看一眼了；这些装置，还有它们所代表的一切已经获胜。我们的居住区处在强光源的照射之下；我们连哪怕像阴影这样小小的享受也不想给自己。越来越多的商人正购置连接在电话机上、能剖析来电者声音的新机器。据说那种机器能让商人知道他的朋友或客户是否在撒谎，其出错概率很小。所有这一切都是以“安全”的名义实施的：我们是这么跟自己说的。我们害怕，于是我们设法把害怕锁在外面，我们认定，那就是安全的意义。其实不然；我们虽然有了这一切安全措施，但我们或许是人类文明史上最不安全的国民。还

29、有什么更好的字眼能用来描述我们被迫选择的生活方式呢?还有什么更为可悲地表明我们在这个令人困惑的新时代所感受到的惶恐之情呢?我们不信任何人。郊区的家庭主妇在家庭旅行用车钥匙链上挂着防强暴口哨，我们在自我防卫方面变得如此聪明，最终全都聪明反被聪明误。我们或许是把邪恶锁在了门外；但在这么做的同时我们把自己锁在里边了。那也许是我们将来回顾这一时代时记得最牢的精神遗产：在对付我们中间无形的恐惧之时，我们成了自己的囚徒。在我们这个问题重重的时代，所有的人都是囚徒。Unit 3 Text A 课后练习答案Vocabulary Part I. 1.1) threatens 2) by a small marg

30、in 3) civilize 4)closedup5) wandered 6) paste 7) without so much as 8) sideways 9) hook up to 10) universal 11) chart 12) Bathed in2. 1) narrowed down 2) looked back on 3) cut off 4) fit into 5) wear(the other) down 6) lies in 7) put up 8) stand for 3. 1).which is likely to make people vulnerable to

31、 asthma has been found by researchers at the Department of Clinical Medicine in Oxford.2).with mirrored doors had to be built in so as to make their small bedroom look larger.3).feature the space shuttle Challenger blowing up in January 1986-killing all seven crew.4).threatened to keep the pupils in

32、 after school, they were quieted at once.5). are a major barrier to the countrys economic growth due to the fact that/because imported oil has absorbed 40% of its foreign exchange.4. 1) looked back on/ atmosphere/urban life 2) era/ hooked up to the / the electronic 3) the suburb / a sophisticated /

33、system / analyze / make errors Part II. 1) away 2) inside/in 3)forward/through 4)back5) off 6) home 7) back down 8) in.out Part III. 1) Internet is not such an unusual word as it used to be 2) Most men do not look unattractive in them 3) Wealthy as she is, she is not unconcerned by her sudden unempl

34、oyment 4) The claim is not unrealistic in view of a sharp decrease in the citys violent crimes. 5) His poor health is not unrelated to his unhealthy way of life. Comprehensive Exercises I. Cloze1. 1) Statistics 2) rural 3) era 4)stood for 5) on the latch 6)vulnerable 7)barrier 8)electronic9) reflect

35、ion 10)civilized 2. 1) together 2)liable 3)shift 4)electric5)cautious 6)sophisticated 7)thieves 8)break 9)chances 10)signsII. Translation 1.1) The Internet is changing the way people live, (no matter) whether they are in urban or rural areas.2) Medium-sized and small companies are more vulnerable to

36、 the threat of the global economic crisis than large ones.3)With regard to our term paper, the professor asked us to analyze the unemployment chart first, and then provide critical reflections on the nations economic development.4) It never occurred to him that their team would win the basketball ma

37、tch by a large margin.5) Looking back on my twenty years teaching in high school, I attribute my success to patience, talent, and the constant pursuit of knowledge. 2. It is almost impossible to keep a determined burglar out. All you can do is discourage him for a few minutes. Thus exposing him to p

38、olice patrols. Common sense tells us that lighting is a barrier to criminal activity. A light should be fixed in the doorway and switched on at night. Make sure/Assure yourself that you dont leave the door on the latch if you happen to be the last to come in. If you decide to buy a sophisticated electronic alarm system, be sure to ask for its signs and put them up on both windows and doors. In addition you may have it hooked up to a police station.