2020年中考英语总复习基础语法专题八动词的时态试题.docx

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1、专题八动词的时态学前自测（发现考点）( )1. When did you meet your English teacher? While I _ a bike along Jiaomen River.A. rode B. was riding C. ride D. will ride( )2. He _ computer games when his parents left home. So he didnt know where they were.A. is playing B. plays C. played D. was playing( )3. As usual, Sally _

2、 at 6:30 this morning by her mother to have breakfast.A. has woken up B. woke up C. was woken up D. wakes up( )4. I was at the cinema at nine oclock yesterday evening. What about you? I _ TV at home.A. watch B. watched C. am watching D. was watching( )5. Where is your mother? She _ in the kitchen.A.

3、 cooks B. has cooked C. cooked D. is cooking( )6. Tom like reading. He _ picture books with his dad every evening.A. read B. reads C. is reading D. has read( )7. Nicole, I missed todays lesson, can you lend me your notebook? Sorry, I _ it to Betty already.A. lend B. lent C. will lend D. have lent( )

4、8. We have two days off a week. We _ at school from Monday to Friday.A. will study B. study C. studied D. are studying( )9. Have you ever been to Disneyland? Yes. I _ there last summer.A. will go B. went C. have gone D. was going( )10. Do you know the film Big Hero 6? Sure. I like it very much and I

5、 _ it three times since it was on.A. see B. saw C. have seen D. am seeing常考考点知识清单（研习考点）考点一 一般现在时1. 概念:一般现在时主要表示经常性或习惯性的动作或存在的状态,也可表示现在的情况或状态以及永恒的真理。2. 句式结构(肯定句)有以下三种:句式结构例句be+表语 She is a beautiful girl. 她是一个漂亮的女孩。there be 句型 There is a schoolbag on the desk. 桌子上有一个书包。实义动词谓语 She likes eating chocolat

6、e. 她喜欢吃巧克力。3. 常用的时间状语有:always, usually, often, every day 等。4. 动词一般现在时第三人称单数构成方式:类型变化规则举例一般情况 在词尾加-s swimswims; leaveleaves以-s,-x,-sh, -ch,-o 结尾在词尾加-es passpasses; gogoes; washwashes; boxboxes以“辅音字母+y”结尾变 y 为 i 再加-esstudystudies; carrycarries特殊情况不规则变化havehas5. 一般现在时的用法:(1) 表示经常性或习惯性的动作或存在的状态,常与表频度的时间

7、状语连用。My mother often does housework. 我妈妈经常做家务。(2) 描述现在的情况、状态等。He speaks Russian very well. 他讲俄语讲得很好。(3) 描述客观真理、客观存在或科学事实等。Light travels faster than sound. 光比声音传播得快。(4) 在含时间状语从句或条件状语从句的复合句中,若主句用一般将来时,则从句用一般现在时表示将来。Ill ring you up if he comes back tomorrow. 如果他明天回来,我就给你打电话。(5) 在以 here, there 开头的句子中常用一

8、般现在时代替现在进行时。Here comes the bus! 汽车来了!巧记:用好一般现在时,时间状语要牢记。基本用法要记清,动作习惯经常性。 客观真理和能力,有时还表将来时。谓语若为行为动,形式要由主语定:主语人称是三单,动词要把-s/ -es 添。句中若把助词用,谓语动词用原形。考点二 一般过去时1. 概念:一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态。2. 句式结构(肯定句)有以下三种:句式结构例句was/ were+表语 She was a beautiful girl ten years ago. 十年前她是一个漂亮的女孩子。there was/ were There were man

9、y shops near our school. 我们学校附近以前有许多商店。实义动词作谓语He got up at six oclock yesterday morning. 昨天早上他 6 点钟起床。3. 常用的时间状语有:yesterday(昨天),the day before yesterday(前天),last week(上星期),two days ago(两天前), just now(刚才)等。4. 动词过去式的构成方法:类型规则举例一般情况加-edplant-planted; play-played以-e 结尾 加-d live-lived; change-changed以“辅音

10、字母+y”结尾改 y 为 i 再加-ed carry-carried; study-studied以重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母双写这个辅音字母,再加-ed stop-stopped; plan-planned5. 一般过去时的用法:(1) 表示过去发生或过去经常发生的动作或存在的状态。He visited the Great Wall yesterday. 昨天他游览了长城。(2) 用于虚拟条件句中,表示与现在事实相反的情况。If I were you, I would take a small present. 如果我是你的话,我就带上一件小礼物。巧记: 动词一般过去时,表示过去发

11、生事;be 用 was 或用 were, have, has 变 had;谓语动词过去式,过去时间作标志;一般动词加-ed,若是特殊得硬记。否定句很简单,主语之后 didnt 添;疑问句也不难,did 放在主语前;如果谓语之前有 did,谓语动词需还原;动词若是 was, were, 否定就把 not 添。考点三 现在进行时1. 概念:现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作。2. 句式结构:主语+am (is, are)+现在分词3. 常用的时态标志词有:now, at the moment, look, listen 等。4. 现在分词的构成方式:类型变化规则举例一般情况直接加-ingplay-p

12、laying; read-reading以不发音的 e 结尾去 e 加-ing live-living; write-writing以重读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母双写词尾的辅音字母再加-ingput-putting; sit-sitting以 ie 结尾改 ie 为 y 再加-ing die-dying; lie-lying5. 现在进行时的用法:(1) 表示目前正在进行的动作。He is reading a book. 他正在看书。(2) 与 always,usually,forever 等词连用,表示说话者的赞扬、厌恶或不满等情绪。He is always helping oth

13、ers. 他总是帮助别人。(3) 一些表示位置移动的动词,如 go,come,leave 等,常用现在进行时表示即将发生的动作。He is leaving for Shanghai tomorrow. 明天他将前往上海。巧记: 主语在句首,am, is, are 跟在后,现在分词跟着走,其他成份不可丢。表示动作正进行,句中 now 时间定。一般疑问句,be 提到前面去。否定句式也单,be 后只把 not 添。考点四 过去进行时1. 概念:表示在过去某个时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作。2. 句式结构:主语+was (were)+现在分词3. 常用的时间状语有:at nine oclock last

14、 night(昨天晚上九点),at that time(那时),at that moment(当时),this time yesterday(昨天的这个时候),from 8:00 to 9:00 last night(昨晚的八点到九点)以及 when, while 引导的时间状语从句等。4. 过去进行时的用法:(1) 表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。I was watering my flowers at nine yesterday morning. 昨天上午九点我在给花浇水。(2) 表示过去某一段时间正在进行的动作。What were you doing from 8 p郾 m郾 to 9

15、 p郾 m郾 last night? 昨晚 8 点到 9 点你在干什么?肯定句:主语+was/ were+动词-ing+其他;否定句:主语+was/ were + not+动词-ing+其他;一般疑问句:Was/ Were+主语+动词-ing+其他考点五 一般将来时1. 概念:一般将来时表示将来要发生的动作或存在的状态。2. 句式结构(肯定句)有以下三种:句式结构例句will/ shall+动词原形They will have a good time. 他们将会玩得很愉快。be going to+动词原形We are going to take an exam. 我们将要参加一个考试。现在进行

16、时表将来The bus is coming. 公共汽车要来了。3. 常用的时间状语有:tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, in two hours, soon, in the future 等。4. 一般将来时的用法:(1) be going to 和 will 表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。We are going to have a meeting to discuss the plan. 我们打算开会讨论这个计划。She will reach here at five oclock this afternoon by car. 今天下午五点她将乘车到达这

17、里。(2) be going to 表示根据主观判断将来肯定发生的事情,will 表示客观上将来势必发生的事情。Look at the dark clouds. Its going to rain. 看那乌云,看来马上要下雨了。He will be twenty years old next year. 明年他就要 20 岁了。巧记:一般将来时,将来发生事。 谓语不一般,will 加动原。要变疑问句,will 放在主语前。否定句,也不难, will 后面 not 添。考点六 过去将来时1. 概念:表示在过去看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态。2. 相当于一般将来时而言,其句式结构有以下三种:(1)

18、 would/ should+动词原形(2) was/ were going to+动词原形(3) was/ were doing 进行时态表将来3. 过去将来时的用法:(1) 在叙述过去的事情或事情发生的经过时,用过去时表示在当时看将来会发生的事。It was May 30. Mike had just left his home. He was going to play basketball with his friend, so he decided to call his friend first. 那是 5 月 30 号,迈克刚离开家,他打算和朋友一起打篮球,于是他决定先给朋友打电

19、话。(2) 用于主句为一般过去时的宾语从句中,表示将要发生的事情或曾经打算要做的事情。He asked when the meeting would end. 他问会议何时结束。考点七 现在完成时1. 概念:现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果。 还表示动作从过去某时开始,一直持续到现在,并有可能持续下去。2. 句式结构:主语+have/ has+过去分词3. 现在完成时的用法和常用的时间状语:(1) 表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果,常与 already, yet, ever 等连用。She has already finished the work. 她已

20、经完成了工作。(2) 表示动作从过去某时开始一直持续到现在,并有可能持续下去,常与“for+时间段”或“since+表过去的时间点或一般过去时的句子”连用,此时句中的动词必须是延续性动词。He has studied English since 10 years ago. / He has studied English for ten years. 他学英语已经 10 年了。巧记:学习现在完成时,谓语结构要牢记:have/ has+过分。主要用法有两个:过去的动作对现在的影响和结果,just, already 常用着;过去的动作或状态,一直持续到现在,for, since 把时间带。考点八

21、过去完成时1. 概念:表示到过去某时为止或在过去某时之前已经发生或完成的动作,即“过去的过去”。 如图:2. 句式结构:主语+had+过去分词+其他3. 常用的时间状语:by the end of last term, by then 以及 when, after 等引导的时间状语从句。4. 过去完成时的用法:(1) 表示在过去某一时间之前已经发生或完成的动作,它表示动作发生在“过去的过去”。By the time we arrived, the meeting had already begun. 当我们到达时,会议已经开始了。(2) 用在 told, knew, heard 等动词后的宾语

22、从句中。She said (that) she had never been to Pairs. 她说她从没有去过巴黎。(3) 用在含 when, after, before 等引导的状语从句的复合句中。When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. 当警察到的时候,小偷们已经逃跑了。巩固训练（夯实基础）一、单项选择( )1. When did you meet him? While I _ on the street.A. walks B. walk C. was walking D. am walking( )2. Mum, why d

23、ont you go to sleep? Your sister _ yet. I _ for her.A. hasnt come back; am waiting B. didnt come back; was waitingC. hadnt come back; was waiting D. came back; waited( )3. King White _ in our company for 20 years. Yes, and she _ here when she was 21 years old.A. has worked; has come B. worked; comes

24、C. worked; came D. has worked; came( )4. Dont forget to visit me when you come here. OK. I _ you a call as soon as I _ there.A. gave; get B. will give; will get C. give; will get D. will give; get( )5. What did you do last summer vacation? Dont mention it. I _ always _ my parents on the farm.A. was;

25、 helping B. / ; helped C. would; help D. have; helped( )6. Would you like to see the movie? No, thanks. I _ it twice.A. have seen B. seen C. saw D. had seen( )7. Are you still single? No, I _ for two months.A. have been married B. have married C. was marrying D. married( )8. We will do some cleaning

26、 if the weather _ fine tomorrow. But I think it _ rain.A. will be; is going to B. is; is going to C. is; has D. will be; has( )9. Mike is preparing his luggage. Yes. He _ for Canada on vacation.A. leaves B. left C. is leaving D. has been away( )10. Be quiet. Dad _ in the next room. Sorry.A. sleeps B

27、. slept C. is sleeping D. was sleeping二、用所给单词的正确形式填空1. I _ (go) to America next Friday.2. Mary usually _ (go) to school at 7 oclock.3. Aunt Lily _ (be) a beautiful girl twenty years ago.4. Tim _ (study) English for ten years.5. By the end of last month, I _ (finish) the project.6. He will go home if

28、 he _ (wake) up.7. Kate is _ (leave) for Beijing tomorrow.8. She asked when Lucy _ (come).9. Paul, what were you doing at nine last night.I _ (watch) a movie in the cinema with my friends.10. Michael _ (teach) in a school in Yunnan from February to June next year.答案：学前自测1-5 BDCDD6-10 BDBBC巩固训练一、1-5 CADDA6-10 AABCC二、1. will go2. goes3. was4. has studied5. had finished6. wakes7. leaving8. would come9. was watching10. will teach