上海版牛津英语第三单元知识点和语法点总结.pdf

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1、知识点大全9A 上海版牛津英语第三单元知识点和语法点总结课文知识点总结1.learn 短语learn from sb 向某人学习learn .from.从.学习Learn.by heart 背诵，记住learn one s lesson 吸取教训Learn of/about 得知2. run “举办，管理，经营”及物动词eg: Her father ran a shoes company in Beijing five years ago. 她爸爸五年前经营了一家鞋厂。be famous for 以而著名famous“ 著名的，文明的 ” = well-known 3. time “次数 ,倍

2、数”可数名词Eg: She has been to Beijing three times. Don t worry. There is enough time. 不用着急，有足够的时间。All the time 总是at the same time 同时by the time 到时候From time to time 偶尔，有时in time 及时at times 有时，间或4. disappeared 不及物动词“消失”瞬间动词不可与表示时间的时间状语连用。Eg: 这种植物在很多年前就消失了。This plant has disappeared for many years.( ) Thi

3、s plant disappeared many years ago. ( ) It has been many years since this plant disappeared. ( ) 5.no longer “ 不再 ”He is no longer a student. 辨析： no longer/not any longer 与 no more /not .any more (1) no longer/not .any longer 指情况或状态的不再存在或延续。We are no longer a children.= We aren t a children any more

4、. (2) no more/not any more 一般指动作或行为的不再发生或重复。Eg : The famers no more use animals to do farm work.= The farmers don t use animals to do farm work any more. 农民不再使用牲畜干农活了。6.look down “俯视”look up 仰视7.“beyond”“超出，越出”在另一边，在更远处知识点大全Eg: The village is beyond the hill. 村庄在山的那一边。We looked beyond the lake,at so

5、me stones.越过湖面，我们看到一些石头。8.won 是 win 的过去分词， win 作动词“赢，获胜”Win+ 比赛、战斗、奖品、名声、胜利等Eg: They won the race easily. She won the Nobel price in the music competition. 注：如果宾语是竞争对手，不能用win ,而要用beat., beat指打败人，战胜人，超越人Eg: You beat me in the race,but I ll beat you at tennis. 赛跑你战胜了我，但网球我要赢你。9（1） huge “巨大的，庞大的”表示体积超过

6、一般的标准，用来形容“空间，距离，程度，容量，声音等” 。Eg: The population explosion is a huge problem for all the countries. 人口爆炸对所有国家来讲都是一个极其重要严重的问题。（2）Big 表示尺寸，体积等“大的”通常用来形容有形的东西，而不能用于抽象的事物，其反义词是small /little This pair of shoes is too big for me. It is a big house. （3）Large “ 大的，巨大的 ”形容面积，范围比正常的标准大，还可以表示数和量的“大，多”比 big 正式。E

7、g: There are a large number of students in the zoo. 有许多学生在动物园里。（4）great “大的，伟大的”用来形容比较抽象的事物，人格，权势。Eg: I think he is the greatest poet in our country. 10 make jokes that 以 为笑柄Eg : Don t make jokes about that girl . 不要取笑那个女孩。11. make sure 确保 +that 引导的宾语从句，动词不定时或of 短语。Make sure that he is coming here o

8、n time. 确保他能准时来。Make sure to keep the baby away from anything dangerous. 确保远离危险的任何东西。You d better make sure of that . 你最好搞清楚那件事。12.except for “ 除.之外 ”指同一类事物间的排除，可用于句首。Eg: Her article is quite good except for some spelling mistakes.她的文章很好，只是有些拼写错误。Except for the bad weather , it was an enjoyable day.

9、 除了天气有点糟糕之外，这是个愉快的一天。Except “除 之外 ”从整体中除去部分，不能用于句首，排除在外Everyone was excited except Tom. 除了汤姆之外，每个人都很兴奋。知识点大全Besides 除 之外另外还有，着重于另外还有，包含在内There is another girl besides me in the classroom. 教室里除了我之外还有一个女孩。练习： -We re all here_Lucy, where is she? -She has gone to the library. A. beside B.besides C excep

10、t D.of 13 As 引导的时间状语从句表示“当 .的时候 ”Eg As I got to school,the bell was ringing. 当我到学校的时候，铃响了。1.hang up “把.挂上，悬挂”，过去式和过去分词都是hung.当表示绞死之意时， hang 是规则动词，其过去式和过去分词为hanged. 2. get rid of “ 摆脱，除掉 ”eg: They have got rid of the enimies. 3. He has already read the book. 他已经读过这本书了。Already 是副词，意为“已经”通常用于完成时态的肯定句中，

11、位于助动词之后，实义动词之前。The young man has already gone. 在否定或疑问句中用yet，放于句尾。 Eg : I haven t finished my homework yet. Have you had lunch? 4. Have you ever visited Shanghai? 你曾经游览过上海吗？Ever 是副词，通常指“任何时候” ，当与现在完成时连用时，表示“曾经”。放在助动词之后，过去分词之前。Eg:- Have you ever read Harry Potter?-No,never. Have you ever+过去分词询问对方是否曾经做

12、某事。Eg: Have you ever been to Shanghai? 练习： -Have you _ spoken to a Foreigner? -Not yet. I have t got a chance. A never B also C ever 5.Since 1996. 自 1996 年（开始至今）Since 可用作介词或连词，用于现在完成时态，表示自从某个时间点开始一直到现在。I have been here since 2003. 我自从 2003年就在这了。知识点大全They have lived here since they moved to city. 表示某

13、一点时间开始到现在用since，表示谓语动作持续了一段时间到现在则用介词 for，即“ for+一段时间”eg: She has worked on the farm for more than 20 years. 她已经在农场工作了20多天了。用 how long 提问。6.Either .or.“或者.或者”The child must be either tired or hungry. 这个小孩不是累了就是饿了。Please either come in or go out. Don t stand there in the doorway. 请你或者进来，或者出去，不要站在门口。Ei

14、ther 用法：（1） 作形容词时，表示（两者之中）任一的Eg: You can use either pen. （2） 作代词时，常表示“ （两者之中） 的任何一个” 常与 of 短语连用或作宾语。Eg: Either of them will agree with you.他们两个人都会同意你的意见。（3）either 作副词时，常用在否定句或否定词组后加强语气，表示“也”。Eg : My sister doesn t like noodles.I don t like either. 练习： -When shall I phone you , morning or afternoon?

15、-_. I ll be at home all day. A All B Both C Either D Neither 7.used to+动词原形“过去常常做某事”表示已经过去的习惯或状态。Eg: In China,people used to think that Chang e was on the moon. There used to be a factory here. 拓展：be used to do sth 表示“被用于做某事”eg: A stamp is used to send letters.邮票用来邮寄信件。Be used to doing sth表示“习惯于做某事”

16、eg: I am used to getting up early. 我习惯早起了。练习：Mr wang used to _to bed late.But now he is used to _to bed early. A go; go B going; going C go;going D going;go 知识点大全现在完成时1. 概念：表示过去发生的或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果. eg: - Have you had your lunch yet ? 你吃过午饭了吗? - Yes, I have just had it. 是的 , 我刚吃过 . ( 说明现在饱了 ) I

17、have lost my pen. 我把钢笔弄丢了. ( 过去某时丢的, 现在还没有找到) I have already watched the TV play. 我已经看过这部电视剧了. - Have you found your lost pen yet ? 你找到丢失的钢笔了吗? - No, I haven t found it yet. 不, 我还没有找到 . 表示动作或状态在过去已经开始, 持续到现在 , 也许还要持续下去, 常和for, since, 连用 , 表示持续的动作或状态多为延续性动词. eg: We have lived here since 2000. 自从 2000

18、 年以来我们一直住在这里. ( 说明一直住在这里 , 也许还会住下去. ) 2. 结构: 主语+ have / has + done + Done 的形式：规则：1. 一般情况下在动动词原形后加ed. 如: work, jump, look, 2. 以 e 结尾的动词 , 直接加 -d. 如: live, 3. 以辅音字母加 y 结尾的动词 , 先将 y 变 i 再加-ed. 如: carry, study, try4. 以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的, 双写此辅音字母后再加-ed. 如: stop, plan,不规则： keep-kept sweep-swept sleep-sle

19、pt Sell-sold tell-told Lend-lent spend-spent send-sent Say-said pay-paid Burn-burnt learn-learnt mean-meant Break-broken speak-spoken steal-stolen Wear-worn bear-born tear-torn Grow-grown blow-blown know-known throw-thrown Sink-sunk swim-swum drink-drunk ring-rung sing-sung began-begun Drive-driven

20、rise-risen 知识点大全3. 时间状语：常与 already, yet, ever, never, for + 段时间 , since, just, before, so far, by now, these days, 等连用 . 注意 : already, yet, 常和现在完成时连用, already 用于肯定句 , 可放在助动词之后、过去分词之前，也可放在句末. yet 用在疑问句中意为” 已经 ” , 用在否定句中表示” 还” , 常放在句末 . eg: He has just come here since 2000. 他从北京回来. Have you ever been

21、to Shanghai ? 你去过上海吗 ? I have never traveled by plane before. 我以前从来没有乘飞机旅行过. I haven t heard of it before. 我以前从来没有听说过这件事. I have been in Beijing for two years. 我在北京已经两年了. 4. 句型: 肯定句 : 主语+ have / has + done + eg： She has been to Shanghai. 她去过上海 . I have finished doing my homework. 我已经完成我的作业了. 否定句 : 主

22、语+ have / has + not +done + eg：I haven t seen this film. 我没有看过这部电影. eg：She hasn t finished doing his homework. 她还没有完成她的作业. 一般疑问句： Have / Has + 主语+ done + eg: Have you seen this film ? Yes, I have. / No, I haven t . 你看过这部电影吗? 是的 , 看过 . / 不, 没有 . eg： Has she finished doing his homework ? Yes, she has

23、. / No, she hasn t.她完成她的作业了吗? 是的 , 完成了 . / 不, 没有 . 特殊疑问句 ： 特殊疑问词+ have / has + 主语+ done + eg: When has you seen this film ? 你什么时候看的这部电影? eg: Who has finished doing his homework ? 谁完成了作业 ? 5. 当与一段时间连用时, 经常用for 加一段时间 , 这时候谓语动词一定要用延续性的 . 非延续性动词 -延续性动词come - be here go - be away / off borrow - keep buy

24、- have start / begin - be on leave - be away die - be dead eg: He came here three days ago.他三天前来的这 . (一般过去时 ) 知识点大全He has been here for three days.他来这已经三天了 . (现在完成时与一段时间连用, 非延续性动词变延续性动词. ) He went to Dalian last week. 他上周去的大连 . ( 一般过去时) He has been away for a week.他已经离开有一周了 . ( 现在完成时) I borrowed the

25、 book last month. 我去年借的这本书 . (一般过去时 ) I have kept the book for a week. 我保管这本书有一周了 .(现在完成时 ) 6. 词义辨析have been to 去过 (在本地 ) eg: I have been to Canada. 我去过加加拿大 . have gone to 去了 (不在本地 ) eg: He has gone to Dalian.他去了大连 . 1.- Hello! Can I speak to Alice ? - Sorry, she isn t here right now. She _ to the s

26、hop. A. goes B. will go C. has gone D. was going 2. - When did you become a volunter ? - Two years ago. I _ this group since then. A. have joined in B. have joined to C. have been in D. have been to 3. -_ you _ to the National Grand Theater ? -No, not yet. A. Did, go B. Do, go C. Have, gone D. Have,

27、 been 4.-So far the government _ a lot for the Olympic Games. - So it has. We re all looking forward to this event. A. does B. is doing C. has done D. will do 5. John s car is not here. I think he _ somewhere. A. goes B. went C. has gone D. will go 6. David _ Chinese since 20 years ago, and now he s

28、peaks it quite well. A. learns B. learned C. has learned D. will learn 7. -Where s Mr White ? -He _ the wash room. A. has been to B. has gone to C. is going to D. goes to 8. -What do you think of the new film ? -It s wonderful. I _ it twice. - A. saw B. have seen C. will see D. see 9. -_ you _ him a

29、round the museum yet ? -Yes, we had a great time there. A. Do; show B.Did; show C. Have; shown 知识点大全1. She_as an animal trainer since 2003. A has worked B works C will work D worked 2-_have you stayed in New York? -For about two weeks. A How soon B How often C How long D How far 3.-Linda, when shall

30、 we take a walk? -After I finish _the dishes. A wash B washed C to wash D washing 4.How long have you prepared for the art festival? _. A Since April B In April C On April D Last April 5 -Have you _visited Hong Kong? -No,_. A ever ; already B already;yet C never ; yet D ever; never 6、Both his parent

31、s look sad . Maybe they _whats happened to him . A. knew B. have known C. must know D. will know 7、He has _ been to Shanghai , has he ? A. already B.never C.ever D. still 8、Have you met Mr Li _？A. just B. ago C.before D. a moment ago 9、The famous writer _ one new book in the past two year . A. is wr

32、iting B.was writing C.wrote D.has written 10、Our country _ a lot so far . Yes . I hope it will be even _ . A.has changed ; well B.changed ; good C.has changed ; better D.changed ; better 6、 Zhao 6、 6、 11. Li Lan _already _in this school for two years . A. was ; studying B. will ; study C. has ; stud

33、ied D. are ; studying 12、We _ Xiao Li since she was a little girl . A. know B. had known C. have known D. knew 知识点大全13、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_ it twice . A.will see B.have seen C.saw D.see 14、These farmers have been to the United States . Really ? When _ there ? A. will they go B. did t

34、hey go C. do they go D. have they gone 15、_ you _ your homework yet ? Yes . I _ it a moment ago . A.Did ; do ; finished B.Have ; done ; finished C.Have ; done ; have finished D.will ; do ; finish 16、 His father _ the Party since 1978 . A. joined B. has joined C. was in D. has been in 17、Do you know

35、him well ? Sure .We _ friends since ten years ago . A. were B. have been C. have become D. have made 18、How long have you _ here ? About two months . A. been B. gone C. come D. arrived 19、Hurry up! The play _ for ten minutes . A. has begun B. had begun C. has been on D. began 20、 It _ ten years sinc

36、e he left the army . A. is B. has C. will D. was 21、 Miss Green isnt in the office . she_ to the library . A.has gone B. went C.will go D. has been 22、My parents _ Shandong for ten years . A. have been in B. have been to C. have gone to D. have been 23、The students have cleaned the classroom,_ ? A.

37、so they B. don t they C. have they D. haven t they24、_ has Mr White been a member of Greener China since he _ to China? A. How soon, comes B. How often, got C. How long, came D. How far, arrived 25、 His uncle _ for more than 9 years. A. has come here B. has started to work C. has lived there D. has

38、left the university 二、 句型转换。1、He has never surfed, _ ? （改成反意疑问句）2、They have been here _since 2000 (对划线部分提问 ) _ have they been here? 3、 The old man _ last year. He_ _ _ for a year. (die) （动词填空）知识点大全4、This factory opened twenty years ago.( 同义句转换 ) This factory_ _ _ for twenty years. 5、Miss Gao left an

39、 hour ago. ( 同义句转换 ) Miss Gao _ _ _ an hour ago. 6、Her mother has been a Party member for three years .（同义句）Her mother _ the Party three years _ . 7、The Green Family moved to France two years ago. ( 同义句转换 ) _ two years _ the Green family moved to France. 8、The bus has arrived here. It arrived ten minutes ago. (把两个句子合并成一个句子) _ 三、 汉译英。1、 吉姆已做完作业，他现在有空了。2、 他昨天收到一封信。3、 我父亲以前到过长城。4、 她还没有看过那部新电影。5、 她去过上海。6、 他这些天上哪儿去了？