初中动词时态ppt课件.ppt

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1、 Mr .F 一般现在时 用法：用法：经常性的和习惯性的动作经常性的和习惯性的动作常用时间状语：常用时间状语： usually,sometimes,in spring, every day,in the morning动词构成动词构成 ：动词原型动词原型.work 动词动词+S.（主语是第三人称单数）（主语是第三人称单数）works否定构成否定构成 ： dont+动原动原 doesnt+动原动原一般现在时一般疑问构成及简答一般疑问构成及简答：Do+主语主语+动原动原+其它？其它？Yes,I do. Does+主语主语+动原动原+其它其它？No,he doesnt. 特殊疑问举例特殊疑问举例 ：

2、What do you often do on Sundays? Where does he live? 注意： start,leave,go,come等的一般现在时可表示按规定要发生的未来动作，如列车将离开。客观真理在从句中也用一般现在时. 一般现在时的用法 1) 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 2) 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。 The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China. 3) 表示格言或警句

3、中。Pride goes before a fall.骄者必败。4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。 I dont want so much. Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well. 练习1 -_ they often _ these old men? -Yes, they_. A. Do; help; are B.Are; helping; are C. Do; help; do D. Are; helped; are2 They usually_TV in the evening.A. watch B. will wa

4、tch C. are watching D. watches 3.The sun _ in the east and_ in the west.A. raises; set B. rise; sets C. rises; sets D. rises; set CDC现在进行时 用法用法：说话时正在进行的动作或当前一段时间正在进行的动作说话时正在进行的动作或当前一段时间正在进行的动作 常用时间状语常用时间状语 ： am/is/are+现在分词现在分词(-ing) am/is/are working 动词构成动词构成 ：now,these days否定构成否定构成 ：am/is/are+not+现

5、在分词现在分词一般疑问构成及简答：一般疑问构成及简答：Am/Is/Are+主语主语+现在分词现在分词+ 其它？其它？Yes,I am(he is.) No,they arent特殊疑问举例：What are you doing now? Who is flying a kite there?注意：注意：go,come,leave,arrive,return,die等的进等的进 行时可行时可表示即将要发生的动作表示即将要发生的动作.有时表示即将发生的动作。有时表示即将发生的动作。 现在进行时的基本用法：a. 表示现在( 指说话人说话时) 正在发生的事情。 We are waiting for y

6、ou.b. 习惯进行：表示长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。 Mr. Green is writing another novel.(说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态。)c. 表示渐变的动词有：get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等。 The leaves are turning red. Its getting warmer and warmer.d. 与always, constantly, forever 等词连用，表示反复发生的动作或持续 存在的状态，往往带有说话人的主观色彩. You are always changing you

7、r mind.练习( ) 1 _ you _ your homework now? A. Do; doing B. Are; doing C. Were; doing D. Does; do ( ) 2 _ your mother _ shopping at the moment? A. Are; doing B. Is; doing C. Is; taking D. Are; taking ( ) 3 _ the children _ the radio? A. Is; listening B. Is; listening to C. Are; listening to D. Are; li

8、steningBCC一般将来时用法：将来会出现或发生的动作常用时间状语：this evening,tomorrow,next month, in a few minutes,at the end of this term动词构成: I,will/shall+动原 2,am/is/are going to+动词原型 3,am/is/are(about)+动词不定式 4,am/is/are+coming等现在分词以work为例:will/shall work am/is/are going to work am/is/are(about) to work am/is/are coming/leav

9、ing否定构成：will/shall not am/is/are not特殊疑问句举例:What will you do tomorrow? When are we going to have a class meeting?备注：在if条件或as soon as等时间状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时。 （主将从现）If it rains tomorrow,Iwill stay st home.Iwill stay at home as soon as it rains tomorrow. 一般将来时 1)shall用于第一人称，常被will 所代替。 will 在陈述句中用于各人称，在争

10、求意见时常用于第二人称。 Which paragraph shall I read first. Will you be at home at seven this evening? 2)be going to +不定式，表示将来。 a. 主语的意图，即将做某事。 What are you going to do tomorrow? b. 计划，安排要发生的事。 The play is going to be produced next month。 c. 有迹象要发生的事 Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. 3) be

11、 +不定式表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。 We are to discuss the report next Saturday. 4)be about to +不定式，意为马上做某事。 He is about to leave for Beijing. 注意：be about to 不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用练习 1 Look at the clouds. _. A. Its going to rain B. Itll be raining C. It will be rained D. If it rains 2There_ two E

12、nglish films next week. A. is going to be B. are going to have C. will have D. are going to be AD一般过去时用法：过去时间发生的或过去经常性的动作常用时间状语：yesterday,last night,two days ago, in 2000,at that time,before ，when 等引导的含 过去时的句子。动词构成：动词过去时（-ed） worked/used to work否定构成：didnt+动原 didnt work used not(didnt use) to work 一般

13、疑问构成及简答举例：Did+主语+动原+其它？ 特殊疑问句举例：What did he do yesterday? When did he get up this morning? 备注：He has opened the door.（表示过去“开门”的动作对现在的影响是门还开着）He opened the door.(不能确定门现在是否开着) 一般过去时的用法 1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。 Where did you go just now? 2）表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。 When I was a child,

14、 I often played football in the street. Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome练习( ) 1 _ here and ask him about it yesterday? A. Did you come B. Would you not go C. You didnt come D. Arent you go( ) 2 _ he _ a good time last Sunday? A. Were; were B. Did; do C. Did

15、; has D. Did; have( ) 3 The students hardly studied the English language, _ they? A. did B. didnt C. were D. werentADA现在完成时用法: 1、发生在过去的动作且对现在仍有影响的动作， 强调对现在的影响.2、从过去一直延续到现在的动作常用时间状语：already,just,never,before,recently,in the past few years,ever,so far,since+过去的点时 间,for+段时间动词构成：have/has+过去分词(-ed) have/

16、has worked否定构成：have/has not+过去分词一般疑问构成： Have/Has+主语+过去分词?特殊疑问句举例：What have you done recently? How long has he lived in Beijing?备注：暂时性动词不能与for, since,How long等 表示段时间 的短语同时使用。 比较过去时与现在完成时1）过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。 2）过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。一般过去时的

17、时间状语: yesterday, last week，ago, in1980, in October, just now, 具体的时间状语现在完成时的时间状语 for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet,till / until, up to now, in past years, always, 共同的时间状语: this morning, tonight,this April, now, once，before, already, recently，lately 练习1 _ you _ the novel that I lent you last

18、week? A. Did; finish B. Have; finished C. Are; finished D. Do; finish 2 He _ in our school for 20 years and he _ here in 1977. A. has taught; came B. has taught; has come C. taught; came D. has teached; has came3 They are late. The film _ for five minutes. A. has begun B. has started C. has been on

19、D. beganBAC过去进行时用法：过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在发生 的动作常用时间状语：at this time yesterday,at that time, at ten oclock yesterday或when引导的从句动词构成： was/were+现在分词(-ing) 以以work为例：为例：was/were working否定构成：否定构成： was/were not+现在分词现在分词一般疑问构成及简答举例一般疑问构成及简答举例: Was/Were+主语主语+现在分词现在分词+其它？其它？ Yes,I was No,I wasnt特殊疑问句举例：特殊疑问句举例： What w

20、ere you dong this time yesterday? Where was he standing when the teacher came in? 练习( ) 1 _the Blacks _TV at seven yesterday? A. Did; watch B. Are, watching C. Were; watching D. Do; watch( ) 2 The scientist_ a walk in his garden at four last Sunday. A. was taking B. would take C. took D. was taken(

21、) 3 What_ from nine to ten last night? A. did you do B. had you done C. have you done D. were you doingCAD过去将来时用法：从过去某时间来看将要发生的动作或状态，常用于宾从或间接引语常用时间状语：the next week等 动词构成： 1、would/should+动原 2、 was/were going to+动原 3、was/were(about) to+动原以work为例：would/should work was/were going to work was/were(about)

22、 to work否定构成：would/should not was/were not特殊疑问句举例：特殊疑问句举例：He asked what they would do the next week. 过去完成时用法：1、过去某时间或动作之前完成的动作或状态(过去的过去)。 2、过去某一时间的动作延续到过去另一时间常用时间状语： by that time,by the end of , when/before+ 从句，said/knew/asked的宾从中动词构成动词构成:had+过去分词过去分词(-ed) 以以work为例：为例： had worked否定构成否定构成:had not+过去分词过去分词一般疑问构成：一般疑问构成：Had+主语主语+过去分词过去分词+其它？其它？ Yes,I had. No,I hadnt.特殊疑问句举例：特殊疑问句举例： How many English words had you learned by the end of last term? see u next time