《定语从句语法》PPT课件.ppt

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1、 The man who lives next to us is a policeman.先行词先行词_ 关系词关系词_ 定语从句定语从句thatMary is a girl.Mary has long hair.合并为一个句子合并为一个句子Mary is a girl who has long hair.定义定义 在复合句中充当定语的句子叫定语从句。在复合句中充当定语的句子叫定语从句。定语从句可以由形容词、代词、数词、名定语从句可以由形容词、代词、数词、名词不定式等来担任。词不定式等来担任。 定语从句一般都放在它所修饰的名词或代定语从句一般都放在它所修饰的名词或代词之后，我们把这种名词或代词

2、叫做词之后，我们把这种名词或代词叫做先行先行词词。 关系代词和关系副词放在先行词与定语从关系代词和关系副词放在先行词与定语从句之间，起联系的作用，同时又作定语从句之间，起联系的作用，同时又作定语从句的一个成分。句的一个成分。关系词关系词关系代词关系代词: that, which, who, whom, whose关系副词关系副词: when, where, why关系代词：关系代词： 指物：指物：that which 指人：指人：who (主主/宾格宾格) that whom（宾格）（宾格） whose 关系词关系词关系副词：关系副词：When 的先行词一般是的先行词一般是year day m

3、oment等等Where地点地点Why reasonAttention 关系代词在句中充当主语、宾语等成分。关系代词在句中充当主语、宾语等成分。当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，关系当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，关系代词不能省略，且从句谓语动词的人称和代词不能省略，且从句谓语动词的人称和数要和主语保持一致；当关系代词在定语数要和主语保持一致；当关系代词在定语从句中充当宾语时，从句中充当宾语时，关系代词可以省略。关系代词可以省略。关系代词关系代词在定语从句中的用法在定语从句中的用法 （），代替的先行词是代词或者人名Is he the man who/that wants to see me？ S

4、he is the woman whom /that I saw yesterday. (宾语) The person with whom he is talking is my father.正在和他谈话的那个人是我父亲。(宾语)在介词后只能用在介词后只能用whom，不能用，不能用who(2)which that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在句中作主语或宾语（作主语时不能省略，但作宾语时可以省略） The package (which/that) you are carrying is mine.(3)Whose 代词的所有格，用来指人或物的 Please pass me the bo

5、ok whose cover is green.The girl whose bag is new is called Ann.新书包的那个女孩叫Ann。(指人) the books 中考链接中考链接-Do you know the man _is running along the street?-Yes. He is our English teacher. 长沙市A. who B. which C. whom D.whose解析考查定语从句。限制性定语从句，如果 修饰人，一般用关系who，有时用 that(作主语时用who较多)。The man _ gave us a talk on s

6、cience yesterday is a famous scientist. 广东省A. who B. whose C. which D. whom解析本题考查定语从句的关系代词。先行词为the man，指人，排除which；连接代词在从句中作主语，排除 whose和whom。故本题选who。 Without friendship, one cant be happy although he is rich enough. As for me, I will never forget the days _ I spent with my dearest friend. 哈尔滨市 A. tha

7、t B. when C. who 解析在定语从句中，引导词who(指人)which(指物)that(指人或物)。由先行词the days作spent的宾语可判定用that引导关系代词that的具体用法 （1）that指人或物，在定语从句中可作主语指人或物，在定语从句中可作主语或宾语。或宾语。作宾语时可以省略作宾语时可以省略 This is the pen （that） you are looking for. 这是你要找的那支钢笔。(宾语) The girl that has long hair is my sister.留着长发的那个女孩是我妹妹。（主语） (2)只用只用that不用不用wh

8、ich的情况的情况先行词是all,much,anything,something等不定代词时： Eg Is there anything that I can do for you?先行词被形容词的最高级、序数词first last或only修饰时： Eg It is the most interesting film that Ive ever seen. 先行词既有人又有物时： Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about? The bike and its rider that had run over an

9、 old man were taken to the police station. 在以在以who引导的疑问句后，为了避免重引导的疑问句后，为了避免重复，只能用复，只能用that。 Who is the girl that is standing there? 站在那边的那个女孩是谁？ 1.His parents wouldnt let him marry anyone _ family was poor. A. of whom B. whom C. of whose D. whose 2.All _is needed is a supply of oil. A. the thing B.

10、that C. what D. which DB3.He paid the boy $ 10 for washing ten windows, most of _ hadnt been cleaned for at least a year. A. these B. those C. that D. which 4.She heard a terrible noise, _ brought her heart into her mouth. A. It B. which C. this D. that DB5 He still lives in the room _ window faces

11、to the east. He still lives in the room _ is in the north of the city. He still lives in the room _ there is a beautiful table. A .which B. whose C. where D. of which BAC6 The first birthday gift her parents _ was a necklace. A gave it to her B. gave her C. gave her it D. gave it for her B Mr. Herpin is one of the foreign experts who_C _in China. A.works B.is working C.are working D.has been working Tom is the only one of the students who_C_to Shanghai. A.have gone B.have been C.has been D.had gone 谢谢观赏谢谢观赏