英语选词填空技巧解析ppt课件.ppt

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1、1. 跳过空格，通读短文，了解大意。跳过空格，通读短文，了解大意。2. 复读短文，确定语义复读短文，确定语义.A.) 利用上下文的语境，结合所学过的知识，先确定空利用上下文的语境，结合所学过的知识，先确定空格处所需词语的意义格处所需词语的意义.3. 复读短文，判断词形。复读短文，判断词形。B.)再根据空格在句子中的位置，判断其在句中充当的再根据空格在句子中的位置，判断其在句中充当的成分，从而确定所填词的词性，再依据词语搭配和语成分，从而确定所填词的词性，再依据词语搭配和语法规则，判断所填的词的正确形式。法规则，判断所填的词的正确形式。3.通读短文，检查答案。通读短文，检查答案。英语短文填空解题

2、技巧：英语短文填空解题技巧： Mr. Brown had an umbrella shop in a small town. People sometimes 1 _ him broken umbrellas, and then he took them to a big shop in London. They were 2 _ there. One day Mr. Brown went to London by train. He 3 _ to take an umbrella with him that day. Sitting in front of him was a man wit

3、h an umbrella standing 4 _ the seat. When the train arrived in London, Mr. Brown 5 _ up the umbrella as he often did during his journey by train. Just as he was getting off, he was 6 _ by the man. He said angrily, “Thats 7_ !” Mr. Brown s face turned red and he gave it back to the man at once. When

4、Mr Brown got to the big shop, the shopkeeper had got his six umbrellas ready. After a good look at 8 _ of them, he said, “Youve mended them very well.”In the afternoon he got into the train again. The 9 _ man was in the same seat. He looked at Mr Brown and his six umbrellas, “Youve had a 10 _ day,”

5、he said.1. 跳过空格，通读短文，了解大意。跳过空格，通读短文，了解大意。2. 复读短文，确定语义复读短文，确定语义.判断词形。判断词形。A.) 利用上下文的语境，结合所学过的知识，先确定空格处所需词利用上下文的语境，结合所学过的知识，先确定空格处所需词语的意义语的意义. Mr. Brown had an umbrella shop in a small town. People sometimes 1 _ him broken umbrellas, and then he took them to a big shop in London. They were 2 _ there.

6、One day Mr. Brown went to London by train. He 3 _ to take an umbrella with him that day. Sitting in front of him was a man with an umbrella standing 4 _ the seat. When the train arrived in London, Mr. Brown 5 _ up the umbrella as he often did during his journey by train. Just as he was getting off,

7、he was 6 _ by the man. He said angrily, “Thats 7_ !” Mr. Brown s face turned red and he gave it back to the man at once. When Mr Brown got to the big shop, the shopkeeper had got his six umbrellas ready. After a good look at 8 _ of them, he said, “Youve mended them very well.”In the afternoon he got

8、 into the train again. The 9 _ man was in the same seat. He looked at Mr Brown and his six umbrellas, “Youve had a 10 _ day,” he said.forget, bring，mend，beside，luck，pick，same，differently, I ，every , stop，each10. lucky 1.brought2.mended3. forgot4. beside5.picked6. stopped7. mine8.each9. same3. 复读短文，判

9、断词形。复读短文，判断词形。B.)再根据空格在句子中的位置，判断其在句中充当的成分，从而再根据空格在句子中的位置，判断其在句中充当的成分，从而确定所填词的词性，再依据词语搭配和语法规则，判断所填的词的确定所填词的词性，再依据词语搭配和语法规则，判断所填的词的正确形式。正确形式。 Mr. Brown had an umbrella shop in a small town. People sometimes 1 _ him broken umbrellas, and then he took them to a big shop in London. They were 2 _ there. O

10、ne day Mr. Brown went to London by train. He 3 _ to take an umbrella with him that day. Sitting in front of him was a man with an umbrella standing 4 _ the seat. When the train arrived in London, Mr. Brown 5 _ up the umbrella as he often did during his journey by train. Just as he was getting off, h

11、e was 6 _ by the man. He said angrily, “Thats 7_ !” Mr. Brown s face turned red and he gave it back to the man at once. When Mr Brown got to the big shop, the shopkeeper had got his six umbrellas ready. After a good look at 8 _ of them, he said, “Youve mended them very well.”In the afternoon he got

12、into the train again. The 9 _ man was in the same seat. He looked at Mr Brown and his six umbrellas, “Youve had a 10 _ day,” he said.10. lucky 1.brought2.mended3. forgot4. beside5.picked6. stopped7. mine8.each9. same这是一篇伞店老板这是一篇伞店老板Mr Brown在火车上发生的故事，是叙述类文章。要求填的词在火车上发生的故事，是叙述类文章。要求填的词汇都是汇都是大纲大纲范围内的词汇

13、，因此难度不是很大。学生应在短文语境中对有用范围内的词汇，因此难度不是很大。学生应在短文语境中对有用的信息进行推敲，结合整篇文章的内容，确定所需词汇。通读全文，了解大意。的信息进行推敲，结合整篇文章的内容，确定所需词汇。通读全文，了解大意。再读全文，确定所需词的词义、词性和词形。再读全文，确定所需词的词义、词性和词形。第第1题需要动词，因为该句无谓语，意思是题需要动词，因为该句无谓语，意思是“带来带来”或或“给给”，所以选，所以选brought。第第2题需要动词，由于该句是被动语态，意思是题需要动词，由于该句是被动语态，意思是“被修理被修理”，选，选mended。 第第3题为动词，由空前主语和

14、空后的动词不定式决定，根据下文判断意思是题为动词，由空前主语和空后的动词不定式决定，根据下文判断意思是“忘忘记记”，选，选forgot。第第4题选介词。由语境决定的，意思是题选介词。由语境决定的，意思是“在座位旁边在座位旁边”，选，选beside。第第5题选动词，意思是题选动词，意思是“拾起拾起”，恰好是词组，恰好是词组pick up,故事发生在过去，所以选故事发生在过去，所以选picked。第第6题选动词，由于句子是被动语态，选题选动词，由于句子是被动语态，选stopped。第第7题选名词性物主代词，由于句子是主系表结构，意思是题选名词性物主代词，由于句子是主系表结构，意思是“我的我的”，选

15、，选mine。第第8题选代词，由后面的题选代词，由后面的of结构决定的，指结构决定的，指“每一每一”或者或者“全部全部”，选词中没有，选词中没有提供提供all；所以选；所以选each 。第第9题选形容词，由于它修饰的是名词，指题选形容词，由于它修饰的是名词，指“相同的相同的”，选，选same。第第10题选形容词，由于它修饰的是名词，指题选形容词，由于它修饰的是名词，指“幸运的或好的幸运的或好的”，选，选lucky。词形的变换词形的变换 1.单复数单复数 人称代词人称代词 反身代词反身代词 1.代词代词：He said angrily, “Thats 7_ !” Mr. Brown s face

16、 turned red and he gave it back to the man at once. 7. mine词形的变换词形的变换2.指示代词指示代词 关系代词关系代词 不定代词不定代词 等的用法等的用法代词代词：单数单数 复数复数 用法用法 this (这个这个) these (这些这些) 指近处指近处 that (那个那个) those (那些那些) 指远处指远处常见的不定代词：常见的不定代词：some, any, no, none, one, all, every, each, other, another, either, neither, both, many, much,

17、(a)few, (a)little, a lot of, lots of以及以及some, any, no, every与与thing, body或或one构成的复合不定代词。构成的复合不定代词。After a good look at 8 _ of them, he said, “Youve mended them very well.”8.each词形的变换词形的变换1.1.判断是谓语动词还是非谓语动词判断是谓语动词还是非谓语动词2.动词动词非谓语动词：非谓语动词：to do doing do to do doing do 2.2.谓语动词要注意时态的变换：谓语动词要注意时态的变换： 一般

18、现在时和一般过去时一般现在时和一般过去时一般现在时：一般现在时： 当主语是第三人称单数在时候，当主语是第三人称单数在时候，谓语动词用三单形式谓语动词用三单形式一般过去时：一般过去时： 谓语动词要用过去式（反复谓语动词要用过去式（反复去背诵不规则动词表）去背诵不规则动词表）People sometimes 1 _ him broken umbrellas.They were 2 _ there.He 3 _ to take an umbrella with him that day.Mr. Brown 5 _ up the umbrella as he often did during his

19、journey by train. Just as he was getting off, he was 6 _ by the man.1.brought2.mended3. forgot5.picked6. stopped词形的变换词形的变换3.名词：名词：2.可数名词的单复数形式可数名词的单复数形式1.确定可数名词和不可数名词确定可数名词和不可数名词 初中常见的不可数名词初中常见的不可数名词 3.名词所有格的用法名词所有格的用法液体类液体类water，milk，juice，orange，coffee，tea，coke, ink, rain, wine食物类食物类meat，fish，chic

20、ken，beef，pork，mutton，rice, salt, sugar, porridge, bread语言类语言类Chinese，Japanese，English，French，German, 其他类其他类snow，ice，wind，sunshine，news，money，knowledge，homework，housework, teamwork, information, rubbish (waste), medicine词形的变换词形的变换 形容词修饰名词，多放在名词之前形容词修饰名词，多放在名词之前. 副词修饰动词，多放在动词之后副词修饰动词，多放在动词之后2.比较等级的用法：

21、原级比较等级的用法：原级 比较级比较级 最高级最高级 1.形容词和副词之间变换形容词和副词之间变换 形容词形容词+ly=副词副词3.形容词和名词之间变换形容词和名词之间变换 4.形容词、副词形容词、副词Happyhappiness difficult-difficulty Different-difference interesting -interest The 9 _ man was in the same seat. He looked at Mr Brown and his six umbrellas, “Youve had a 10 _ day,” he said.10. lucky

22、 9. same并列连词并列连词从属连词从属连词连词：连词：and, but, or, so, (for)连词连词词组词组: eitheror, neithernor, not onlybut also, bothand, (as well as)that，whether, if, unless, while / when, until, because, so that, sothat, though/ although, 等等词形的变换词形的变换5.连词连词We cant stop an earthquake(地震地震), but we can do things to make sure

23、 they dont destroy(毁坏毁坏) whole cities. First, it is not a 1 ._ idea to build houses along lines where 2. _ of the earths plates(板块板块) join together. Second, if you think there 3. _ be an earthquake, it is better to build houses on rocks , not on 4. _. Third, you must make the houses as 5. _ as possi

24、ble. Weak buildings will fall down in an earthquake, but strong ones may 6. _ up . Scientists are 7. _ that one day an even bigger earthquake will hit the part around San Francisco(旧金山旧金山) . They call it “ The Big One ”. However, people today are still building more 8. _ . The population in and arou

25、nd San Francisco is 9. _ ten times more than it was in 1906. This means that 10. _ there is another earthquake, a great many houses and buildings will be destroyed.if, now, house, well , second , may , strongly, afraid, sand , stay, ifgoodtwomaystrongafraidsandhousesnowstay【剖析】这是一篇科普类文章，要求选填的词汇都是浅显易

26、懂的常用词，学生要通读全文，了解大意。只要能够理解文章上下的内容，对短文语境中有用的信息进行分析、推敲、结合整篇，就可以确定所需词汇。值得注意的是，题目提供的词中有两组形容词、副词的同根词，这就要求我们既要明白文章的意思，还得善用所学的综合知识。 第1题选good。依句型这里需要形容词，看全文应是 “好”。第2题选two。文章一开始就说，我们虽然不能阻止地震，但可以采取措施减少地震对城市的破坏程度。如果那样的话，那么在地球板块与板块交界的地方建造房屋肯定不是好办法。 （这是一个跨学科的问题，世界上已经发生的地震多数发生在地球板块与板块交界的地方，科学家们称之为地震带。 由此可见，要学好英语，还

27、要学好其他学科。）第3题选 may。在这里表示猜测、假设，意思是“可能”。第4题选 sand 。 “沙地”与前面的rocks 一词对应。这句话是说，如果你认为某个地方可能要发生地震，最好是将房屋建筑在地质比较坚硬的地带，而不能建在地质松的地带。 比如像沙漠这样的地带就不能建造房屋。第5题选strong 。除地质条件外，将房屋建得strong“牢固”些，也是减轻地震灾害的一项重要措施。第6题选stay up 。在这里是“站立、矗立”的意思，与前面的 fall down 一词相对应。第7题选afraid。因为旧金山这个城市就建在太平洋板块与美洲大陆板块交界的地带（环太平洋地震带），所以说科学家们感到担心、害怕。第8题选houses。科学家们之所以感到担心和害怕，是因为那里的人还在那里建造房屋，这正好与前面说的减轻地震灾害的方法相反。第9题选now 。与前面的1906年相对比。第10题选if 。文章最后小结提出假设：旧金山如果依旧那样的话，一旦有一天发生地震，后果将不堪设想。