动词不定式ppt课件.pptx

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1、 to+do定义定义 “动词不定式”,是一种非谓语动词,由不定式符号to+动词原形构成。不定式具有动词的特征,同时也有名词、形容词和副词的特征。 动词不定式的肯定形式是todo； 其否定形式是nottodo谓语谓语 谓语是对主语动作或状态的陈述或说明。 做什么do what 是什么what is this 怎么样how大臣、将军、丞相大臣、将军、丞相A,B,C,D,E动词不定式动词不定式在句中可以在句中可以作作主语主语、表语表语、宾宾语语、宾补、宾补、定定语语和和状语状语。1 做主语做主语.A is XXX. 谓语用第三人称单数形式. To see is to believe. 如果主语较长则

2、用it做形式主语做形式主语,将真正的主语动词不定式放到句尾. eg Its a bad habit to run after dinner. Itswrongtoplaytricksonotherpeople2 做表语做表语. XXX be B. 放在连系动词be后面（am,is,are） 规律：动词不定式在句中作表语时，通常对连系动词前面的名词进行诠释说明。 Hiswishistobecomeascientist The important things is to save lives. 当务之急是生命。3 做宾语做宾语 XXX do C. want，wish，hope，promise，a

3、gree等动词后面跟并且只能跟不定式。 Weagreedtostartearly Shewantstobeadoctor 3 做宾语做宾语 love，like，begin，start，hate，prefer等词后面可以接不定式。 he likes to play with children. learn，plan， decide，ask，choose等词可以接不定式。 stop，forget，remember，goon，try等词或短语后面可以接不定式。口诀口诀三个愿望两答应三个愿望两答应要求选择莫拒绝要求选择莫拒绝学会计划做决定学会计划做决定do3 做宾语做宾语 stoptodosth.：停

4、止一件事，去做另一件事。stopdoingsth.：停止正在做的事。 Whentheteachercamein，thestudentsstoppedtalking. 当老师走进来时，学生们停止说话。 Whenhecameout，thestudentsstoppedtotalk 当老师走出去时，学生们开始说话。 规律：某些动词或短语后面既可以接动词不定式作宾语，又可接动名词作宾语，二者用法上的区别可以通过造句子加以区分通过造句子加以区分，如上面stop例句。 3 做宾语做宾语 在findfeelitadjtodosth 句型中，it是形式宾语是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。 如：Ife

5、eliteasytorecitethetext动词不定式练习题动词不定式练习题 做练习 to+do4做宾语补足语做宾语补足语. XXX do C D. tell，ask，want，order，teach，invite，warn，wish，help，get，wish，help等词后面常接不定式作宾补。 she asked me to help her with her English. 不带不带to 感官动词口诀解释：一感指 feel二听指 listen to 和 hear三让指 have, let ，make四看见指 see, watch, notice 和 observe半帮助指 help

6、后面接不带to的不定式作宾补。Thebossmakesthemwork16hoursaday4做宾语补足语做宾语补足语. 注意注意!若变成被动语态，在上述结构中，不定式符号to要加上。 Theyaremadetowork16hoursadaybytheboss Shewasheardtosinginthenextroom感使动词真奇怪，感使动词真奇怪，to在在句中像妖怪。句中像妖怪。主动句中它走开，被动主动句中它走开，被动句里它回来。句里它回来。5做定语做定语 放在被修饰的名词、代词后面。放在被修饰的名词、代词后面。 Ihavealotofworktodo Thedoctorsaidhecou

7、lddonothingtohelptheboy 如：Ihaveasmallbedroomtolivein Haveyougotsomepenstowritewith？注意注意!如果动词不定式和前面所修饰的词构成动宾关系，若动词是不及物动词，切记不要忘掉介词。( )( )6做状语做状语 修饰动词或形容词修饰动词或形容词 目的状语：放在go，come，use，live，inorder等词后面。 如：Icometoseeyou 原因状语：放在sorry，glad，surprised，disappointed，excited等词后面。 Iamgladtoseeyouhere Iamsorrytotro

8、ubleyou6做状语做状语 作结果状语。 Someoftheapplesarehardtoreach Theroomislargeenoughtohold1000people 特殊句式 tooto you are never too old to learn.7特殊疑问词特殊疑问词+动词不定式动词不定式. 与what，who，whose，when，where，how等疑问词连用，作宾语、宾语补足语、主语等。 Idontknowwhattodonext（宾语） Hetaughtushowtousethecomputer（宾语补足语） Itsstillaquestionhowtogetthere

9、（主语） I am thinking about what to say. （宾语）不定式的否定形式不定式的否定形式 否定形式是在不定式的标志to前加not。 例如： 1.I decided not to ask him again. 2.Please remember not to leave the lights on when you are out. 动词不定式练习题动词不定式练习题 做练习练习练习1 1.Do you want_ (go) with me? 2. I hope _(see) you in my birthday party. 3. Do you decide _ (c

10、ome) with me? 4.Remember _(say) “Hello” to your parents. 5. Dont forget _( buy) some fruits.1.to go 2. to see 3. to come 4. to say 5. to buy 1.Dont forget _ the notebook. A. to take B.to carry C.to send D.to bring 2.The librarian work is _ the books in the library. A.takes care of B. take care of C.

11、 to take care of D. taking care of 3.Her parents wont let her _ out with her boyfriend. A. goes B. to go C. going D. go 4.My wish is _ a house of my own. A. to have B.for having C.have D. of havingACDA练习练习2 1.Do you have anything _(eat)? Im very hungry. 2.I buy a computer _(search) the information.

12、3.found it difficult _(stop) him. 4.Im glad _(meet) you. 5.It took me half an hour _(do) my homework yesterday.1.to eat 2. to search 3.to stop 4. to meet 5. to do 1.I asked her _ with us. A.when to go B.when he will go C.if he will go D.that he would go 2. The teacher told them _ make so much noise.

13、 A. dont B. not C. will not D. not to 3.The math problem is so hard .I really dont know _. A. how to do it B/. how to do C. what to do it D to do what.DAA 4.Youd better _ her, it would only worry her. A. not tell B.tell C.to tell D.not to tell My mother told me _ more water. A. drinking B. to drink C. drank D. drink AB