动词不定式的被动语态主动表被动ppt课件.ppt

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1、一、复习各种时态的被动语态一、复习各种时态的被动语态 被动语态的基本结构被动语态的基本结构: be+ done （以（以 the book , publish 为例）为例） 一般现在一般现在/过去时：过去时： The book _. 一般一般/过去将来时过去将来时: The book _. The book _. 现在现在/过去进行时：过去进行时： The book _. 现在现在/过去完成时过去完成时: The book _. 情态动词：情态动词： The book _.is/ was publishedwill/would be publishedis/was going to be pu

2、blishedis/was being publishedhas/had been publishedcan/could/may/mightbe published二、动词不定式的被动语态二、动词不定式的被动语态 1. 动词不定式的被动语态有两种形式：动词不定式的被动语态有两种形式： 1）一般式）一般式 （not/never ）to be done 2）完成式）完成式 （not/ never） to have been done （表示不定式动作发生在谓语动词之前）（表示不定式动作发生在谓语动词之前）2. 动词不定式的被动语态在句子中的作用动词不定式的被动语态在句子中的作用 1) 做主语（常用

3、做主语（常用it做形式主语）做形式主语） To be offered sympathy by a robot is ridiculous. 被邀请参加这个亚运会开幕式，是一大荣幸。被邀请参加这个亚运会开幕式，是一大荣幸。 2) 做表语做表语 The party is to be held next Saturday evening. 明年明年, 这种新药将在这种新药将在500个过度肥胖的人上进行试验。个过度肥胖的人上进行试验。It is ridiculous to be offered sympathy by .It is a great honor to be invited to atte

4、nd the opening ceremony of Asian Games.The new drug is to be tested out on the 500overweight people next year.3) 做宾语做宾语 She didnt like to be treated as a child. He pretended to have been beaten by his step-father. 这位职员不希望被她的顾客嘲笑。这位职员不希望被她的顾客嘲笑。The clerk wouldnt like to be laughed at by her customers

5、4) 做宾语补足语做宾语补足语 Tony expected the house to be completely transformed. 这个残疾的孩子希望由这个主建筑师来设计这座这个残疾的孩子希望由这个主建筑师来设计这座 电影院。电影院。The disabled child expected the cinema to be designed by the chief architect.5）做定语）做定语 What a victory to be envied by those women! 英国人对即将在伦敦举行的奥运会感到骄傲。英国人对即将在伦敦举行的奥运会感到骄傲。The Engl

6、ish are proud of the Olympic Games to be held in London.6）做状语）做状语 All these gifts must be mailed immediately so as to be received in time for Christmas. 他匆忙赶到订票处（他匆忙赶到订票处（booking office）却被告知）却被告知 所有的票都卖完了。所有的票都卖完了。He hurried to the booking office only to be told that all the tickets had been sold ou

7、t.语态语态 时态时态主动语态主动语态被动语态被动语态一般式一般式 to do to be done完成式完成式 to have done to have been done进行式进行式 to be doing/完成进行式完成进行式 to have been doing/I. 根据括号内的提示将下列句子补充根据括号内的提示将下列句子补充完整。完整。1. He wanted the letter _ (type) at once.2. It is the first such project _ (design) by Chinese engineers.to be typedto have b

8、een designed3. They knew him _ (arrest) by the police.5. He said he was _ (send) there to attend an important meeting next Friday.to have been arrestedto be sent6. She didnt want her son _ (take) away.7. Do let your mother know all the truth. She appears _ (tell) everything.8. She is busy preparing

9、for the exams _ (hold) next month.9. He hurried to the station only _ (tell) that the train had left.to be takento have been toldto be heldto have been told3. 在下列情况中用不定式的主动形式表示被动意思。在下列情况中用不定式的主动形式表示被动意思。 1) 不定式作后置定语，与被修饰的名词或代词构成不定式作后置定语，与被修饰的名词或代词构成 逻辑上的动宾关系，但又与该句主语（逻辑上的动宾关系，但又与该句主语（或另一名或另一名 词词/代词代词

10、）构成逻辑上的主谓关系时）构成逻辑上的主谓关系时, He has nothing to eat. 分析：分析： eat 动动nothing宾宾 / he 主主eat 谓谓 I will give you a book to read . 分析：分析： _ 动动_宾宾/ _主主_谓谓 这个优雅的女人有事情要宣布。这个优雅的女人有事情要宣布。reada bookyoureadThe elegant lady had something to declare. 比较：比较： I have a lot of letters to type . (我有很多信件要打印：我有很多信件要打印：I will t

11、ype the letter) I have a lot of letters to be typed. (意思为：意思为： I get sb. to type the letter) 1) Ill go to New York. Have you anything _(take) to your wife there? 2) Have you any clothes _(wash), sir?” asked the maid 3) I cannot go out now as I have a lot of clothes _(wash)to be takento be washedto w

12、ash 注意：注意：若句子的主语并非不定式的逻辑主语时，若句子的主语并非不定式的逻辑主语时， 不定式则必须用被动式。不定式则必须用被动式。3. 在下列情况中用不定式的主动形式表示被动意思。在下列情况中用不定式的主动形式表示被动意思。 2) 在在“主语主语+表语（形容词）表语（形容词）to do” 中，中， 主语也是主语也是 不定式的逻辑宾语不定式的逻辑宾语,即不定式动词和主语之间是即不定式动词和主语之间是 动宾关系。动宾关系。 This question is easy to answer. （分析：（分析：answer (动动)-this question （宾）（宾） 注意：注意： 如果动

13、词为不及物动词，则要注意介词的搭配。如果动词为不及物动词，则要注意介词的搭配。 John is difficult to deal with. （分析：（分析：_(动动)-_(宾宾)）如：这扶手椅坐起来很舒服。如：这扶手椅坐起来很舒服。 这题目很难算出来。这题目很难算出来。deal withJohnThe armchair is comfortable to sit inThe question is difficult to work out4. There be 结构中，用不定式的主动和被结构中，用不定式的主动和被 动式来修饰主语，区别不大。动式来修饰主语，区别不大。 There is a

14、 lot of work to do / to be done. (多用主动形式多用主动形式) 没有什么可担心的。没有什么可担心的。There is nothing to worry about.1.The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier_ it more difficult. A. not make B. not to make C. not making D. do not make 2. Ive worked with children before, so I know what _ in my new job. A

15、. expected B. to expect C. to be expecting D. expects高考题汇集高考题汇集：3. Charles Babbage is generally considered _the first computer. A.to invent B. inventing C. to have invented C. having invented 4. Allen had to call a taxi because the box was _ to carry all the way home. A.much too heavy B. too much he

16、avy C. heavy too much D. too heavy much5. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _. A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not to6. Little Jim should love _ to the theatre this evening. A.to be taken B. to take C. being taken D. taking7.There are five pairs _,bu

17、t Im at a loss which to buy.A.to be chosen B. to choose from C. to choose D. for choosing8. _late in the afternoon, Bob turned off the alarm. A. To sleep B. Sleeping C. Sleep D. Having sleep 9. With a lot of difficult problems _,the newly-elected president is having a hard time. A.settled B. settlin

18、g C.to settle D. being settled10. She will tell us why she feels so strongly that each of us has a role_in making the earth a better place to live. A.to have played B. to play C. to be played D. to be playing 11. In order to gain a bigger share in the international market, many state run companies a

19、re trying _their products more competitive. A.to make B. makingC.to have made D.having made12. The teacher asked us_so much noise. A.dont make B. not makeC. not making D. not to make EXERCISES 1.You had better _ your hair cut. A. had B. have C to get D to have2. We _ put the meeting off for a week.

20、A. can as well B. will as well C. shall as well D. may as well3. He _ live in the country than in the city. A. prefers B. likes to C. had better D. would rather4. The boy told his father that he would rather _ an astronaut. A. become B. to become C. becoming D. became 5. Paul doesnt have to be made

21、_. He always works hard. A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning 6.- I usually go there by train. - Why not _ by boat for a change? A. to try going B.trying to go C. to try and go D.try going 7.He wants to do nothing but _ out. A.to goB. go C.going D. goes 8. Compared with women. men always pref

22、er _ at home rather than _ so much time shopping . A. to finish ,to spend B. to finish ,spend C. finish ,spend D.finish ,to spend 巩固性练习巩固性练习 1. She cant help _ the house because shes busy making a cake. A. to clean B. cleaning C. to be cleaning D. being cleaned 2. While shopping, people sometimes ca

23、nt help _ into buying something they dont really need. A.to persuade B. to be persuaded C. persuading D. being persuading 3. We agreed _ here, but so far she hasnt turned up yet. A.having met B. meeting C. to meet D. to have met 4.- You were brave enough to raise the objections at the meeting. - Wel

24、l, now I regret _ that. A.to do B. to doing C. to have done D. having done 5. Little Tom should love _ to the theatre this evening. A .to be taken B. to take C. being taken D. taking 6. Ive got a terrible headache. I tried _ some medicine, but it didnt help. A.to take B. having taken C. taking D. to

25、 have taken 7.-Would you join us tonight ? - I _, but I have to prepare for tomorrows test. A . would love so B. would love to C. would love it D. would love 8.I would love _ to the party last night, but I had to finish extra hours to finish a report. A .to go B. to have gone C. going D. having gone

26、 9. He let me repeat his instructions _ sure that I understood what was _ after he went away. A .to make, to be done B. making, doing C. to make, to do D. making, to do 10. -You should have thanked her before you left. -I meant _, but when I was leaving, I couldnt find her anywhere. A . to do B. to

27、C. doing D. doing so 11. In some parts of London, missing a bus means _ for another hour. A . waiting B. to wait C. wait D. to be waiting 12. With a lot of difficult problems _, the newly- elected president felt very happy. A.settled B. steeling C. to settle D. being settled 13.-Do let your mother k

28、now all the truth. - She appears _ everything. A.to tell B. to be told C.to be telling D. to have been told 14. To fetch water before breakfast seemed to be a rule _. A. to never break B . never to be broken C. never to have broken D. never to be breaking 15. In Australia he made a lot of friends _a

29、 very practical knowledge of English. A.get B.getting C.to get D.got 练习：练习：1. Sarah, hurry up. Im afraid you wouldnt have time to _ before the party. (NMET2004全国卷全国卷I) A. get changed B. get change C. get changing D. get to change 2. My advisor encouraged _ a summer course to improve my writing skill

30、s. (NMET 2004 北北京京) A. for me taking B. me taking C. for me to take D. me to take 3. I dont know whether you happen _, but Im going to study in the USA this September. ( 2004 辽宁辽宁) A. to be heard B. to be hearing C. to hear D. to have heard 4. The final examination is coming up soon. Its time for us

31、 to _ our studies. (NMET 2004 辽宁辽宁) A. get down to B. get outC. get back for D. get over 5. The flu is believed _ by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat. (NMET 2004 上海上海) A. causing B. being caused C. to be caused D. to have caused 6. The news reporters hurri

32、ed to the airport, only _ the film stars had left. (NMET 2004 福建福建) A. to tell B. to be told C. telling D. told 7. It seems that he has no pen _. (NMET 2003 北北京京 春春) A. to write B. to write withC. writing D. writing with 8. She will tell us why she feels so strongly that each of us has a role_ in ma

33、king the earth a better place to live. (NMET 2003 上海上海 春春) A. to have played B. to play C. to be played D. to be playing 9. Mary is always the first student to answer the teachers questions in class. A. rising B. to rise C. rose D. risen 10. Would you be so kind us out? -With pleasure. A. helping B.

34、 in helping C. help D. as to help 11. Wet umbrellas are not allowed into this hotel according to the rule. A.to be taken B.to take C.taken D.taking 12. Robert is said _ abroad, but I didnt know what country he studied in. A.to have studied B.to study C.to be studying D.to have been studying 13. At t

35、he shopping-centre, he didnt know what _ and _ with an empty bag. A. to buy; leave B. to be bought; leftC. to buy; left D. was to buy; leave 14. She made a candle _us light.A. give B. gave C. to give D. given 15. Where should I send my form? The Personnel Office is the place _. A. for sending it B.

36、to send it toC. to send D. to send it 16. Its necessary _ some English grammar. A. for us students to learn B. for we students to learn C. of us students to learn D. for our students learning 17. _ kind to the enemy is _ cruel to the people. A. Be; be B. To be; to be C. To be; being D. Being; to be

37、18. No matter how busy he is, he _ at least 15 minutes a day.A. makes a rule read B. makes a rule readingC. makes it a rule read D. makes it a rule to read19. If Mary doesnt come to work on time, she may be fired. Surely she is not so foolish _ it. A. as not to realize B. not as to realize C. that s

38、he didnt realizeD. as not realizing 20. I ought to _ him the news, but I forgot to do so.A. remember to tell B. remember telling C. have remembered to tell D. have remembered telling 21. I _ you the exciting news, but you were not at home. A. meant telling B. meant to tell C. meant to having told D.

39、 meant to telling 22. Tom kept quiet about the accident _ lose his job. A. so not as to B. so as not to C. so as to not D. not so as to 23. My friend, David, was not used _ by air, so he felt unwell. A. to travel B. to traveling C. travelin D. travel 24. When I went out it happened _. A. to rain B.

40、rain C. to be raining D. raining 25. I felt it an honour _ to speak here. A. asking B. having asked C. to ask D. to be asked 1. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains_ whether they will enjoy it. A. to see B. to be seen C. seeing D. seenExercise B 2. I hurried to t

41、he meeting hall, only_ that the meeting had been put off. A. to tell B. to be told C. telling D. toldB 3. Do let your mother know all the truth, she appears_ everything. A. to tell B. to be told C. to be telling D. to have been toldD 4. Little Tom should love_ to the theater this evening. A. to be t

42、aken B. to take C. being taken D. takingA 5. It is said that plastics can be used to_ many things. Now people are used to_ plastics products. A. make; using B. making; using C. making; use D. make; useA 6. With a lot of problems_, the newly-elected president is having a hard time. A. settled B. sett

43、ling C. to settle D. being settledC7. He_ and was made to repeat it. A. didnt understand B. didnt be understood C. wasnt understand D. wasnt understoodD 8. The pupils here_ all kinds of exercises every day in the past four weeks. A. kept busy doing B. keep on doing C. have kept busy doing D. have be

44、en kept busy doingD 9. Visitors_ not to touch the exhibits. A. will request B. request C. are requesting D. are requestedD 10. In some parts of the world, tea _ with milk and sugar. A. is serving B. is served C. serves D. servedB1. It will take several weeks for your computer to _ (repair).2. I knew

45、 him _ (catch) by the police.3. A vote is required _(take) in our company at once.4. When some money went missing from the bank, Thomas was believed _ (steal) it.be repairedto have been caughtto be takento have stolen练习练习7. I hope _(admit) to Zhongshan University.8.The book is said to _ (translate)

46、into several languages.9.I feel greatly honored _ (welcome) into their society .10.Come on! It is an easy sentence _ (translate).11.When I came in, he pretended to _.(read)13.Mrs Smith warned her daughter _(not drive) after drinking.to translateto be welcomedhave been translatedto be admittedbe read

47、ingnot to drive14.I dont know whether you happen _(hear), but Im going to study in the U.S.A this September. 15.He seems _（punish) by his teacher yesterday.to have heardto have been punished16.The school ordered all the classroom _( clean ).17.My grandmother seems to have a lot _ (worry) about. 18.I

48、 am going to the post office. Do you have any letter _(post)?19.You are lucky enough _ (not catch) in the rain.to be cleanedto worry to be postednot to have been caught二、翻译练习二、翻译练习1.据说这会议已经被取消了据说这会议已经被取消了.2.这个学生似乎已经对政治失去了兴趣。这个学生似乎已经对政治失去了兴趣。3.残疾人不喜欢被别人嘲笑。残疾人不喜欢被别人嘲笑。4.没有可以可以浪费的时间了。没有可以可以浪费的时间了。5.能被邀

49、请进这个英语俱乐部，是一大荣幸能被邀请进这个英语俱乐部，是一大荣幸.6.她假装没有听懂我说的话她假装没有听懂我说的话.7.我希望被中山大学录取。我希望被中山大学录取。 8.抱歉，我忘记了你的电话号码了。抱歉，我忘记了你的电话号码了。 1.据说这会议已经被取消了据说这会议已经被取消了 The meeting is said to have been cancelled.2.这个学生似乎已经对政治失去了兴趣。这个学生似乎已经对政治失去了兴趣。 The student seems to have lost interest in politics.3.残疾人不喜欢被别人嘲笑。残疾人不喜欢被别人嘲笑。

50、 The disabled dont like to be laughed at.4.没有可以可以浪费的时间了。没有可以可以浪费的时间了。 There is no time to waste/ be wasted5.能被邀请进这个英语俱乐部，是一大荣幸能被邀请进这个英语俱乐部，是一大荣幸 It is a great honor to be invited to the English Club.6.她假装没有听懂我说的话。她假装没有听懂我说的话。 She pretended not to understand what I had said.7.我希望被中山大学录取。我希望被中山大学录取。 I