高三英语名词性从句详解ppt课件.ppt

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1、我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物单句改错1.That the earth turns around the sun are known to all.2.When the meeting will be held havent been known yet.3.I didnt know that you will come.4.He said that he is writing a story.5.Could you tell me when will he arrive?6.You ca

2、n begin to see why does English have such strange rules._ is_ hasnt_would_was_ he will_ English has名词从句名词从句他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜。他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜。How was he successful is still a puzzle. ( )How he was successful is still a puzzle. ( )你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗？你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗？Could you tell me where he lives? ( )Could you tell

3、 me where does he live? ( )FTTF名词性从句考点归纳名词性从句考点归纳一、名词性从句的语序一、名词性从句的语序陈述语序陈述语序二、名词性从句连接词的选用二、名词性从句连接词的选用 1.that 和和what 的选用的选用that 和和 what 都可引导所有的名词从句。都可引导所有的名词从句。但是，但是，what除起连接作用外，还在名除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当成分，可做从句的主词性从句中充当成分，可做从句的主语、宾语、或表语。而语、宾语、或表语。而that在名词性从在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。that /

4、what1._ he wants is a book.2. _ he wants to go there is obvious.3.The result is _ we won the game.4.This is _ we want to know.5.Is _ he told us true ?6.We should pay attention to _ the teacher is saying.7. I have no doubt _ he will come.8. I have no idea _ he did that afternoon.9._ has made China_ i

5、t is now.WhatThatthatwhatwhatwhatthatwhatwhatwhat我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物1.whether 引导主语从句（包括从句在句首的位置引导主语从句（包括从句在句首的位置)不用不用if，如：如： Whether it is true remains a problem. Whether he will come, I am not sure. 2. 引导表语从句用引导表语从句用whether，不用，不用if，如：，如： The question

6、 is whether you should accept it. 3.引导同位语从句用引导同位语从句用whether，不用，不用if，如：，如： The question whether hell attend the meeting is important.4.whether可以引导从句作介词的宾语，而可以引导从句作介词的宾语，而if 则不能，如：则不能，如： Im not interested in whether theyll go or not. It depends on whether we have got enough money. 2.whether与与if的辨用的辨用我

7、吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物7. 用if会会引起歧义时义时。 Please let me know if you like it.该该句有两个两个意思：“请请告诉诉我你你是否喜欢欢”。或“如果你你喜欢欢,请请告诉诉我。”用了whether就可以避免。5. whether可以直接跟动词不定式连用，而可以直接跟动词不定式连用，而if 则不则不能，如：能，如： I didnt know whether to laugh or to cry. She hasnt decided whether t

8、o go or not.6.whether or not 连在一起引导宾语从句时不用连在一起引导宾语从句时不用if I dont know whether it is right or not.引导动词之后的宾语从句可用引导动词之后的宾语从句可用if 或者或者whether我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物Practice timeif / whether1. I asked her _ she had a bike.2._ we will hold a party in the open a

9、ir tomorrow depends on the weather.3. Were worried about _ he is safe.4. I dont know _ he is well or not.5. I dont know _ or not he is well.6. The question is _ he should do it.7.The doctor can hardly answer the question _ the old man will recover soon.8. I dont know _ to go. 9._ you are not free to

10、morrow, Ill go without you.if / whetherWhetherwhetherwhether /ifwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherIf3.其它连接代词和副词的连用其它连接代词和副词的连用主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义,正确的正确的选择选择who、which、when、where、why、how 等连接词，这些连接词既具有疑问含义，等连接词，这些连接词既具有疑问含义，又起连接作用，同时在从句中充当各种成分。又起连接作用，同时在从句中充当各种成分。我们何时举行运动会还没有决定。我们何时举行运动会还没有决定。_ we

11、 shall hold our sports meeting is not decided.我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃。我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃。I dont know _ broke the glass yesterday.我不知道他长的什么样子。我不知道他长的什么样子。I have no idea _ he looks like.这就是我忘记眼镜的地方。这就是我忘记眼镜的地方。This is _ I left my glasses.Whenwhowhatwhere我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活

12、的生物that引导名词性从句时在从句中引导名词性从句时在从句中不做任何成分，也不做任何成分，也没有具体的意义没有具体的意义。其他连接词在引导从句时都做相。其他连接词在引导从句时都做相应的成分并有具体的意思。应的成分并有具体的意思。 ThattheyaregoodatEnglishisknowntousall.TheproblemisthatwedonthaveenoughmoneySheexpressedthehopethattheywouldcometoChinaoneday.1.)主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中用主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中用that但不能省但不能省略。略。 4. t

13、hat不能省略的情况不能省略的情况我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物2).It 做形式宾语的宾语从句：I dont think it necessary that you should read English loudly. 3).并列宾语从句中，从第二个宾语从句开始都不可省略He told me (that) his father had died and that he had to make a living alone.4).当that宾语从句中状语部分位与从句前部时，Tell hi

14、m that if he comes tomorrow,please call me.5).当that 前有插入语时Tom didnt know,Im sure,that his sister was going to Japan.我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物6).当that作介词宾语时，that不可省掉。Thereasonliesinthatsheworksharderthantheothersdo.that/ (that)1.I dont think _ she is coming.

15、2.It is a pity _ he has made such a mistake.3.The reason is _ he is careless .4.The news _ our team won the match inspired us.5.I dont think it necessary _ you should read English aloud.6.He told me _ his father had died and _ he had to make a living alone.(that)thatthatthatthat(that)that我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么

16、丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物6.whatever/whoever 的功用：Whatever/whoever可引导主语，宾语，表语从句，并在从句中做主语，宾语，表语。这种用法中，whatever/whoever 不含疑问意义。Whatever=anything that; whoever=anyone who1. Whoever breaks the law is to be punished._ _ breaks the law is to be punished.Anyone who 2. They wil

17、l do whatever he wants them to do.They will do _ _he wants them to do.anything that我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物疑问词疑问词+ever和和nomatter+疑问词的区别疑问词的区别：疑问词+ever可引导名词性从句，在主从句中要充当一定的成分。Whoeverbreakstherulemustbepunished.Youcanchoosewhateveryoulikeintheshop.疑问词+ever还可引

18、导让步状语从句。如：Whoeverbreakstherule,hemustbepunished,Whateveryoudo,youmustdoitwell.nomatter+疑问词只能引导让步状语从句。Nomatterwhatyoudo,youmustdoitwell.Nomatterwhobreakstherule,hemustbepunished.No matter+疑问词可换成疑问词+ever我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物二。宾语从句的时态呼应二。宾语从句的时态呼应1. 如果主句时态

19、是现在时或将来时如果主句时态是现在时或将来时,从句谓语从句谓语 可根据句意需要而选用任一种时态可根据句意需要而选用任一种时态. a .他相信他的梦想总有一天会实现的他相信他的梦想总有一天会实现的. He believes _ . b .请告诉我你昨天这个时候在干什么请告诉我你昨天这个时候在干什么. Please tell me _.his dream will come true some daywhat you were doing at this time yesterday我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：

20、表里边有一个活的生物2. 如果主句谓语是过去时如果主句谓语是过去时,从句谓语动词一般用过去的从句谓语动词一般用过去的 某种时态某种时态,但从句表达的是但从句表达的是客观事实、真理、自然规客观事实、真理、自然规 律等时，从句谓语通常用一般现在时。律等时，从句谓语通常用一般现在时。 他告诉我他正在为考试做准备。他告诉我他正在为考试做准备。 He told me _ . 他说他已离开家乡十年了。他说他已离开家乡十年了。 He told me _. 老师告诉我们光是沿直线运行的。老师告诉我们光是沿直线运行的。 The teacher tell us _he was preparing for the

21、examinationHe had been away from his hometown for ten yearslight travels in a straight line.三、同位语从句的引导和辨别三、同位语从句的引导和辨别1.同位语从句的格式：同位语从句的格式：n.+ 连接词连接词 + 从句从句2.能接同位语从句的名词有：能接同位语从句的名词有：fact、idea, news, information, order, belief, suggestion, advice等等3.连接词通常是连接词通常是that,也可根据含义选用也可根据含义选用 whether, what, whe

22、n, where 等来引导同位等来引导同位语从句。语从句。1. I have no idea _ he comes from.2. He cant answer the question _ he got the money.3.He gave us many suggestions _ we should get up earlier and take more exercise.4.I have no doubt _ he will win.5. I have some doubt _ he will win.that/ whether / where/ howwherehowthatth

23、atwhether4）同位语从句和定语从句的区别）同位语从句和定语从句的区别1.定语从句是定语从句是先行词的修饰语先行词的修饰语，它不涉及先行词的，它不涉及先行词的具体内容。定语从句中具体内容。定语从句中that不但起连接作用，而且不但起连接作用，而且在定语从句中充当一个句子成分，充当从句的宾语成分在定语从句中充当一个句子成分，充当从句的宾语成分时可省略。时可省略。2.同位语从句对同位语从句对中心词的内容作进一步的解释和说明中心词的内容作进一步的解释和说明，表明中心词的具体内容。引导同位语从句的表明中心词的具体内容。引导同位语从句的that 在同位语从句中不做任何成分在同位语从句中不做任何成分

24、,只起连接作用只起连接作用,无具体无具体含义含义,且不可省略且不可省略.1.We expressed the hope that they had expressed.2. We expressed the hope that they would come to China again.1.The information has been announced that more middle school graduates will be admitted into university.2.The information that he revealed at the meeting i

25、s of great value.同位语从句同位语从句/定语从句定语从句 定同同定我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物四。四。It 的用法：的用法： （形式主语）（形式主语） It possible/important/necessary/clear that很可能很可能/重要的是重要的是/必要的是必要的是/很清楚很清楚 Its said/ reported that.据说据说/据报道据报道 Its been announced/declared that.已经通知已经通知/宣宣布布 It se

26、ems/appears/happens. that显然、明显、显然、明显、 碰巧碰巧. Its no wonder that并不奇怪并不奇怪/无疑无疑 Its a pity/a fact /a common knowledge (众所周知）众所周知） / a common saying.（俗话说）（俗话说）我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物It 做形式主语：(A)Itisclear/certain/likely/true/surprisingthat(B)Itisapity/shame/goo

27、didea/nowonderthat. (C)Itissaid/reported/believed/known/thought/suggestedthat(D)Itseems/happensthat。IthappenedthatIwentoutlastnight.ItissaidthatChinawillwinintheWorldCup我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物名词性从句中的虚拟语气（1）It is important/necessary/natural/strange that.+(

28、should)+vIt is a pity/a shame/suggested/insisted/ordered.在suggestion,proposal,plan,idea,order,decision的表语从句中 (should)+v宾语从句中的虚拟：Wish that.表示坚持，建议，命令，要求的从句我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物名词性从句中的虚拟语气（2）It is time that Would rather我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界

29、里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物几个固定句式：几个固定句式： 强调句强调句 It is/was +强调部分强调部分that.(如如果强调部分是疑问词果强调部分是疑问词)Who is it that spoke first?When was it that they came here? 关于关于doubt sb. doubt if/whether. sb. dont/doesnt that . There is no doubt that .There is no doubt that he will win the game. 疑问词疑问词do you thi

30、nk+(用陈述句语序用陈述句语序)Who do you think we invited to give us the talk?Practice time1.It now appears _ they are in need of help. A. that B. which C. what D. how2.It is good news _ they will arrive in a few days. A. which B. what C. that D. how3.It _ Joe drives badly. A. thought that B. thinks that C. is t

31、hought that D. is thought that4.It _ he is late for class. A. may that B. might that C. may be that D. might be what5.This is _ she was born. A. where B. which C. that D. what6.The question is _ we cant go there today. A. that B. what C. which D. when7.The question is _ it is worth doing. A. if B. w

32、hether C. which D. what8.The reason he has made such great progress is _ he has never wasted his time. A. because B. why C. that D. what9.My suggestion is _ we should turn the land into rice fields. A. what B. that C. which D. where10.His proposal is that the dam _ at the foot of the mountain. A. bu

33、ild B. will build C. be built D. will be built11.My advice is that he _ regular house. A. keep B. would keep C. keeps D. kept12._ knows the truth will tell you about it. A. Who that B. Whoever C. Whom that D. That who13.We all know the truth _ the earth goes round the sun. A. that B. which C. what D

34、. whether14.We heard the news _ our team had won. A. which B. that C. what D. where15.The problem _ it is right or wrong has not yet been decided. A. which B. that C. whether D. if16.You must do well _ the teacher asks you to do. A. which B. what C. that D. where Thank you我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在

35、这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物名词名词demand, suggestion, proposal, advice 等词后的同位语从句的语气要用虚拟语气等词后的同位语从句的语气要用虚拟语气,结构为结构为 should + do, should 可省略可省略 1.He gave me a suggestion that I ( should ) be calm now.2.The suggestion that the plan (should) be delayed will be discussed tomorrow.我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶

36、和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物5、名词从句与定语从句的一些对应关系：、名词从句与定语从句的一些对应关系：1. He has done what he can to help me. -He has done _ _ he can to help me. What I want to say has nothing to do with it. -_ _ I want to say

37、has nothing to do with it. all thatAll that 我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物3. Whoever breaks the law is to be punished._ _ breaks the law is to be punished.4. He will give the dictionary to whoever needs if most. He will give the dictionary to _ _ needs it most.

38、5. Well remember whomever we turned to for help. Well remember _ _ we turned to for help.6. They will do whatever he wants them to do.They will do _ _he wants them to do. 7. Ill read whichever book you give me.Ill read _ of the books _ you give me. Anyone whoanyone whoAnyone (whom)anything thatanyth

39、at我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物名词性从句中主句和从句的主谓一致、语序名词性从句中主句和从句的主谓一致、语序 主语从句做主语相当于单数第三人称作主语，谓语动词用单数，如果由and连接两个或两个以上的主语从句做主语时，谓语动词用复数；由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句，谓语动词用单数。如：Whenthemeetingwillbeginhasnotbeendecidedyet.Whentheywillstartandwheretheygohavenotbeendecidedyet.我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物名词性从句在句中要用陈述句语序。如：Heaskedmewhatwasthematterwithme.Weveheardthenewsthatwellmoveintothenewhouse.