高中英语必修三unit4-语法名词性从句ppt课件.ppt
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1、Noun Clauses(名词性从句名词性从句)Subject Clause (主语从句主语从句)Appositive Clause(同位语从句)(同位语从句)Object Clause(宾语从句)(宾语从句)Predicative Clause(表语从句)(表语从句)原来那个女原来那个女孩想嫁的是孩想嫁的是个电视机!个电视机!play music, sing and dance very well, who can tell interesting stories, who does not smoke or drink , who stays at home in the evenings
2、 and who stops talking when Im tired of listening. The young man got up, took his coat and went to the door, but before he left the house, he turned and said to Betty, It isnt a man youre looking for. _ .Joke 1 Betty was a very pretty girl. Quite a lot of young men wanted to marry her. One day, one
3、of the young men came to visit her and asked her to become his wife. She answered, No, John, I wont marry you. I want to marry a man who is famous, who canD.What you want is a television set长高点,就不用长高点,就不用踮着脚跳舞了踮着脚跳舞了Joke 2 On a girls way home after watching a ballet (芭蕾舞)芭蕾舞) performance, the kinder
4、garten teacher asked her students what they thought of it. The smallest girl in the class said :“If _one day, they will not have to stand on their toes all the time.” C.my wish that the dancers can grow taller comes trueJoke1: What you want is a television set. Joke 2: If my wish that the dancers ca
5、n grow taller comes true one day, they will not have to stand on their toes all the time.What kind of clause are they?主语从句主语从句同位语从句同位语从句Who will win the match is still unknown. I want to know what he has told you. The fact is that we have lost the game. The news that we won the game is exciting. 主语从
6、句主语从句宾语从句宾语从句表语从句表语从句 名词性从句名词性从句的作用相当于名词,因此主语从的作用相当于名词,因此主语从句、表语从句句、表语从句 、宾语从句和同位语从句分别作、宾语从句和同位语从句分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。同位语从句同位语从句Conjunctions of Noun ClausesConjunctions of Noun Clauses( (引导名词性从句引导名词性从句的关联词的关联词): :从属连词从属连词(不作成分)不作成分)连接代词连接代词(作成分)(作成分)连接副词连接副词(作状语)(作状语)what, who, whom,
7、whose, which, wh+everthat, whether, if ,as if/as thoughwhen, where, how, why1. 1. 主语从句主语从句 主语从句就是主语从句就是从句在主句中作主语从句在主句中作主语的名的名词性从句。词性从句。1)That she left him hurts him so much. 2)Whether it will please them is not easy to say.3) What we need is more practice.4)When we will begin the meeting is under di
8、scussion.*that 只起引导作用,不充当成分,但不能省略。只起引导作用,不充当成分,但不能省略。*whether 是否,表不确定的事情是否,表不确定的事情(不能用不能用If)*what 在从句中作主语在从句中作主语*When 在从句中作状语在从句中作状语*_(他是否要他是否要来来)is not yet known.*_(他想告诉我他想告诉我们什么们什么)is not clear.*_(谁会赢得这场谁会赢得这场比赛比赛)is still unknown. *_(你错过了你错过了这次机会这次机会)is a pity. =It is _.Exercise 1:Whether he will
9、 come or notWhat he wants to tell usWho will win the matchThat you missed the chancea pity that you missed the chance 注意注意: 由由that 引导的主语从句有时为了使句引导的主语从句有时为了使句子结构平衡子结构平衡, 避免避免 “头重脚轻头重脚轻”, 常用常用 it 作作形式形式主语主语, 而把从句放在后面。而把从句放在后面。 例如例如: 1. That he will refuse this piece of advice is impossible._ _2.That t
10、hey should like each other is natural. _*it为形式主语为形式主语It is natural that they should like each other.It is impossible that he will refuse this piece of advice.这样就构成了下面一些常用句型这样就构成了下面一些常用句型: 1) It is + n. +从句从句 It is a pity/shame that. 遗憾的是遗憾的是 It is a surprise that令人惊奇的是令人惊奇的是 It is a fact that 是事实是事实
11、 It is common knowledge that 是常识是常识*_(很遗憾很遗憾)we lost the match.*_(这是事实这是事实)he cheated in the exam.It is a pity thatIt is a fact that2) It is + adj. +从句从句 Its certain that 肯定肯定 It is possible that. 很可能很可能 It is unlikely that. 不可能不可能 It is obvious that 很明显很明显 It is necessary important natural. that*_(
12、很可能很可能)she will come back tomorrow.*_(很明显很明显)this measure is effective.+(should) +doIt is possible thatIt is obvious that3) It +不及物动词不及物动词+从句从句 It happened that. 碰巧碰巧 It occurred to me that我突然想起我突然想起*_(刚好刚好)I came into the office at that time.*_(我突然想起我突然想起)I forget to send the letter.It happened tha
13、tIt occurred to me that4) It + be +过去分词过去分词+从句从句 It is said that. 据说据说 It is known to all that. 众所周知众所周知 It is reported that. 据报道据报道 It is believed that.据信据信;人们相信人们相信 It is suggested that + (should)do. 建议建议It must be admitted that必须承认必须承认 It cannot be denied that 不可否认不可否认 It must be pointed out that
14、需指出的是需指出的是 *_(据报道据报道)20 people were killed in the accident. *_(建议建议)we should eat more vegetable and do more exercise.It is reported thatIt is suggested that 1. _ you dont like him is none of my business. 2. _ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present.3. _ the meeting will be held in our s
15、chool is not known yet.4. _ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.5. _ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. ThatWhatWhetherWhetherWhoever填空。填空。 6. _ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.7.It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning grey. 8. Th
16、e Foreign Minister said, “_ is our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.”9. After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, _ our astronauts desire to do is walk in space. ItthatItwhat1.I have always been honest and straightforward, and it doesnt matter _that Im talking to. (2004年广东省卷年广
17、东省卷 )A. who is it B. who it is C. it is who D. it is whom 【试析试析】这个句子是一个由这个句子是一个由and连接的并列句。连接的并列句。And后是后是一个含有主语从句的结构,其主句部分是一个含有主语从句的结构,其主句部分是it doesnt matter, 主语从句则是主语从句则是who it is that Im talking to.而在而在主语从句中,又有一个定语从句,修饰主语从句中,又有一个定语从句,修饰who. Who既是一既是一个引导词,也在个引导词,也在it is中作表语中作表语.如果再细一点,说如果再细一点,说who是是
18、 (talking) to的介词宾语也可以。的介词宾语也可以。 2. It is pretty well understood _ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today. (2003上海上海) A. that B. when C. what D. how 【试析试析】主语从句中缺少做主语的成分,故选主语从句中缺少做主语的成分,故选C.3. _ made the school proud was_ more than 90 of the students had been admitted to k
19、ey universities. (2003上海春季)上海春季)A. What; because B. What ; thatC. That ; what D. That ; because 【试析试析】what 在此作连接代词,引导主语从句,在此作连接代词,引导主语从句,并在从句中作主语。并在从句中作主语。that引导主语从句时,只起引引导主语从句时,只起引导作用,不作任何成分导作用,不作任何成分.4. The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at _ I thought was a dangerous speed. (
20、2004 上海上海) A. as B. which C. what D. that解析解析: I thought 是插入语是插入语,可以把它去可以把它去掉不考虑掉不考虑. what 引导宾语从句引导宾语从句,在在从句中作主语从句中作主语.宾语从句作宾语从句作at的宾的宾语语.5. _ in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your email account.(2005 上海)上海) A. What is required B. What requires C. It is requir
21、ed D. It requires解析解析: “It is required that ”是一个固定是一个固定句式,句式,it作形式主语作形式主语, that引导的从句为真引导的从句为真正的主语。正的主语。 6. _ he has become a rich man is known to all in our town. 高考真题高考真题 A. Because B. That C. / D. What答案是B。“他变成了富翁, 这是我们镇上下班人人皆知的事。”根据句意, 须用that 引导的主语从句。that 在从句中不担任任何成分, 只起连接作用. 7. _ I need is more
22、time. A. That B. What C. / D. Which答案是B。“我所需要的是更多的时间。” 根据题意, 应选what 引志的主语从句, what在职从句中作宾语(what = the thing which).主语从句的关联词不能省略, 故排除C。which 表示“哪一个”, that 无词义, 都与句意不符, 故排除。III. 用适当的单词填空,使下列主语从句意用适当的单词填空,使下列主语从句意思完整。思完整。1. _ he finished writing the composition in such a short time surprised us all.2. _
23、 we will go for an outing tomorrow remains unknown.3. It is a pity _ we wont be able to go to the south to spend our summer holidays.ThatWhether / Wherethat4. _ she is coming or not doesnt matter too much. 5. _ he came from still puzzles all of us.6. It happened _ I saw him yesterday.7. It does not
24、make any difference to me _ you do. WhetherWherethatwhat8. _ was responsible for the accident is not yet clear.9. _ they will have the sports meet is still a question.10. It doesnt matter _ she looks like.WhoWhen/Where/Whetherwhat 2.同位语从句同位语从句 同位语从句就是从句在句中作同位语从句就是从句在句中作同位语同位语的名词的名词性从句,是对与其同位的名词作进一步性
25、从句,是对与其同位的名词作进一步解释解释,说,说明名词的明名词的具体内容。具体内容。 大多数同位语从句由从属连词大多数同位语从句由从属连词that (whether, how, when, where, why)引导引导(不能省略)(不能省略),常跟常跟以下抽象名词后以下抽象名词后, fact/ news/idea/reason/ hope/ belief/ truth/dream /problem/ advice/ suggestion/ thought/order/ doubt/ answer/ reply 1.They are familiar with the opinion that
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