2013年全国医学博士外语统一考试英语试卷-完整版.docx

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1、2013MD 全国医学博士外语统一考试英语试卷答题须知1请考生首先将自己的姓名、所在考点、准考证号在试卷一答题纸和试卷二标准答题卡上认真填写清楚，并按“考场指令”要求，将准考证号在标准答题卡上划好。2试卷一(Paper One)答案和试卷二(Paper Two)答案都作答在标准答题卡上，不要做在试卷上。3试卷一答题时必须使用2B铅笔，将所选答案按要求在相应位置涂黑；如要更正，先用橡皮擦干净。书面表达一定要用黑色签字笔或钢笔写在标准答题卡上指定区域。4标准答题卡不可折叠，同时答题卡须保持平整干净，以利评分。5听力考试只放一遍录音，每道题后有15秒左右的答题时间。国家医学考试中心PAPER ONE

2、Part 1 ：Listening comprehension（30%）Section A Directions:In this section you will hear fifteen short conversations between two speakers, At the end of each conversation, you will hear a question about what is said, The question will be read only once, After you hear the question, read the four possi

3、ble answers marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best answers and mark the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET. Listen to the following example You will hear Woman: I feel faint. Man: No wonder. You havent had a bite all day. Question: Whats the matter with the woman? You will read: A. She is sic

4、k. B. She was bitten by an ant. C. She is hungry. D. She spilled her paint. Here C is the right answer. Sample Answer A B C D Now lets begin with question Number 1.1. A. A coughB. DiarrheaC. A feverD. Vomiting2. A. TuberculosisB. RhinitisC. LaryngitisD. Flu3. A. In his bag.B. By the lamp.C. In his h

5、ouse.D. No idea about where he left it.4. A. Hes nearly finished his work.B. He has to work for some more time.C. He wants to leave now.D. He has trouble finishing his work.5. A. A patientB. A doctorC. A teacherD. A student6. A. 2.6B. 3.5C. 3.9D. 1367. A. He is the head of the hospital.B. He is in c

6、harge of Pediatrics.C. He went out looking for Dan.D. He went to Michigan on business.8. A. He has got a fever.B. He is a talented skier.C. He is very rich.D. He is a real ski enthusiast.9. A. To ask local people for help.B. To do as Romans do only when in Rome.C. Try to act like the people from tha

7、t culture.D. Stay with your country fellows.10. A. She married because of loneliness.B. She married a millionaire.C. She married for money.D. She married for love.11. A. AspirantB. CourageousC. CautiousD. Amiable12. A. He was unhappy.B. He was feeling a bit unwell.C. He went to see the doctor.D. The

8、 weather was nasty.13. A. You may find many of them on the bookseller shelves.B. You can buy it from almost every bookstore.C. Its a very popular magazine.D. It doesnt sell very well.14. A. A general practitioner.B. A gynecologist.B. An orthopedistD. A surgeon.15. A. ChemotherapyB. RadiationC. Injec

9、tionsD. SurgerySection BDirection: In this section you will hear one conversation and two passages, after each of which, you will hear five questions. After each question, read the four possible answers marked A, B, C and D, Choose the best answer and mark the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHE

10、ET.Dialogue16. A. It is a genetic disorder.B. It is a respiratory condition in pigs.C. It is an illness from birds to humans.D. It is a gastric ailment.17. A. Eating pork.B. Raising pigs.C. Eating chicken.D. Breeding birds.18. A. Running nose.B. Inappetence.C. Pains all over.D. Diarrhea.19. A. To st

11、ay from crowds.B. To see the doctor immediately.C. To avoid medications.D. To go to the nearby clinic.20. A. It is a debate.B. It is a TV program.C. It is a consultation.D. It is a workshop.Passage One21. A. About 10,000,000.B. About 1,000,000.C. About 100,000.D. About 10,000.22. A. A cocktail of vi

12、tamins.B. A cocktail of vitamins plus magnesium.C. The combination of vitamins A, C and E.D. The combination of minerals.23. A. The delicate structures of the inner ear.B. The inner ear cells.C. The eardrums.D. The inner ear ossicles.24. A. General Motors.B. The United Auto Workers.C. NIH.D. All of

13、above.25. A. An industrial trial in Spain.B. Military trials in Spain and Sweden.C. Industrial trials in Spain and Sweden.D. A trial involving students at the University of Florida.Passage Two26. A. The link between obesity and birth defects.B. The link between obesity and diabetes.C. The risk of bi

14、rth abnormalities.D. The harmful effects of obesity.27. A. Neural tube defects.B. Heart problems.C. Cleft lip and palate.D. Diabetes.28. A. 20 million.B. 200 million.C. 400 million.D. 40 million.29. A. A weight-loss surgery.B. A balanced diet.C. A change of life style.D. More exercise.30. A. Why obe

15、sity can cause birth defects.B. How obesity may cause birth defects.C. Why obesity can cause diabetes.D. How obesity may cause diabetes.Part II Vocabulary (10%)Section A Direction: In this section, all the sentences are incomplete. Four words or phrases, marked A B C and D .are given beneath each of

16、 them. You are to choose the word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Then mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET. 31. Having a birds eye view from the helicopter, the vast pasture was _ with beautiful houses.A. overlappedB. segregatedC. intersectedD. interspersed32. As usual, Singapore Airlin

17、es will reduce trans-pacific capacity in _ seasons this year.A. sternB. slackC. sumptuousD. glamorous33. As to the living environment, bacterias needs vary, but most of them grow best in a slightly acid _.A. mechanismB. miniatureC. mediumD. means34. Under an unstable economic environment, employers

18、in the construction industry place great value on _ in hiring and laying off workers as their volumes of work wax and wane.A. flexibilityB. moralityC. capacityD. productivity35. In a stark _ of fortunes, the Philippines once Asias second richest country recently had to beg Vietnam to sell its rice f

19、or its hungry millions.A. denial B. reversalC. intervalD. withdrawal36. Web portal Sohu has gone a step further and called for netizens to join in an all-out boycott of _ content.A. wholesomeB. contagiousC. vulgarD. stagnant37. Experts urge a reforesting of cleared areas, promotion of reduced-impact

20、 logging, and _ agriculture, to maintain the rain forest.A. sustainableB. renewableC. revivableD. merchandisable38. In the U.S., the Republicans doctrines were slightly liberal, whereas the Democrats were hardly _.A. rationalB. radicalC. conservativeD. progressive39. Officials from the Department of

21、 Agriculture confirmed that the _ floods and drought this summer did not affect the countrys grain output.A. ripplingB. waningC. fluctuatingD. devastating40. It is believed that the Black Death, rampant in the Medieval Europe _, killed 1/3 of its population.A. at largeB. at randomC. on endD. on aver

22、ageSection B Directions: Each of the following sentences has a word or phase underlined. There are four words or phases beneath each sentence, Choose the word or phase which can best keep the meaning of the original sentence if it is substituted for the underlined part, Mark your answer on the ANSWE

23、R SHEET. 41. Christmas shoppers should be aware of the possible defects of the products sold at a discount.A. deficitsB. deviationsC. drawbacksD. discrepancies42. The goal of this training program is to raise children with a sense of responsibility and necessary courage to be willing to take on chal

24、lenges in life.A. despiseB. evadeC. demand D. undertake43. After “9.11”, the Olympic Games severely taxed the security services of the host country.A. improvedB. burdenedC. inspectedD. tariffed44. The clowns performance was so funny that the audience, adults and children alike, were all thrown into

25、convulsions.A. a fit of enthusiasm B. a scream of fright C. a burst of laughter D. a cry of anguish 45. We raised a mortgage from Bank of China and were informed to pay it off by the end of this year.A. loanB. paymentC. withdrawalD. retrieval46. The advocates highly value the “sport spirit”, while t

26、he opponent devalue it, asserting that its a sheer hypocrisy and self-deception.A. fineB. suddenC. finiteD. absolute47. Whenever a rattlesnake is agitated, it begins to move its tail and make a rattling noise.A. irritatedB. tamedC. stampedD. probed48. The detective had an unusual insight into crimin

27、als tricks and knew clearly how to track them.A. inductionB. perceptionC. interpretationD. penetration49. My little brother practices the speech repeatedly until his delivery and timing were perfect.A. presentationB. gestureC. rhythmD. pronunciation50. In recent weeks both housing and stock prices h

28、ave started to retreat from their irrationally amazing highs.A. untimelyB. unexpectedlyC. unreasonablyD. unconventionally Part III Cloze (10%)Directions: In this section there is a passage with ten numbered blanks. For each blank, there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D on the right side. Choos

29、e the best answer and mark the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET. 25 / 25Video game players may get an unexpected benefit from blowing away bad guysbetter vision. Playing “action” video games improves a visual ability _51_ tasks like reading and driving at night, a new study says. The abilit

30、y, called contrast sensitivity function, allows people to discern even subtle changes _52_ gray against a uniformly colored backdrop. Its also one of the first visual aptitudes to fade with age. _53_ a regular regimen of action video game training can provide long-lasting visual power, according to

31、work led by Daphne Bavelier of the University of Rochester.Previous research shows that gaming improves other visual skills, such as the ability to track several objects at the same time and _54_ attention to a series of fast-moving events. Bavelier said, “A lot of different aspects of the visual sy

32、stem are being enhanced, _55_.”The new work suggests that playing video games could someday become part of vision-correction treatments, which currently rely mainly on surgery or corrective lenses. “_56_ youve had eye surgery or get corrective lenses, exposing yourself to these games should help the

33、 optical system to recover faster and better, you need to retrain the brain to make use of the better, crisper information thats coming in _57_ your improved eyesight,” Bavelier said.Expert action gamers in the study played first-person shooters Unreal Tournament 2004 and Call of Duty 2. A group of

34、experienced nonaction gamers played The Sims 2, a “life simulation” video game. The players of nonaction video games didnt see the same vision _58_, the study says. Bavelier and others are now trying to figure out exactly why action games _59_ seem to sharpen visual skill. It may be that locating en

35、emies and aiming accurately is a strenuous, strength-building workout for the eyes, she said. Another possible _60_ is that the unpredictable, fast-changing environment of the typical action game requires players to constantly monitor entire landscapes and analyze optical data quickly.51. A. crucial

36、 forB. available inC. resulting fromD. ascribed to52. A. in disguise ofB. in shades ofC. in search ofD. in place of53. A. This is howB. Thats whyC. It is not thatD. There exists54. A. paidB. paysC. payD. paying55. A. thoughB. not to sayC. not just oneD. as well56. A. UntilB. WhileC. UnlessD. Once57.

37、 A. as opposed toB. in addition toC. as a result ofD. in spite of58. A. benefitsB. defects C. approachesD. risks59. A. in case B. in advanceC. in returnD. in particular60. A. effectB. reasonC. outcomeD. conclusionPart IV Reading Comprehension (30%)Directions: In this part there are six passages, eac

38、h of which is followed by five questions. For each question there are four possible answers marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best answer and mark the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET. Passage oneThere is plenty we dont know about criminal behavior. Most crime goes unreported so it is hard

39、to pick out trends from the data, and even reliable sets of statistics can be difficult to compare. But here is one thing we do know: those with a biological predisposition to violent behavior who are brought up in abusive homes are very likely to become lifelong criminals.Antisocial and criminal be

40、havior tends to run in families, but no one was sure whether this was due mostly to social-environmental factors or biological ones. It turns out both are important, but the effect is most dramatic when they act together. This has been illustrated in several studies over the past six years which fou

41、nd that male victims of child abuse are several times as likely to become criminals and abusers themselves if they were born with a less-active version of a gene for the enzyme monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A), which breaks down neurotransmitters crucial to the regulation of aggression.Researchers recent

42、ly made another key observation: kids with this “double whammy” of predisposition and an unfortunate upbringing are likely to show signs of whats to come at a very early age. The risk factors for long-term criminality attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, low IQ, language difficulties can be spo

43、tted in kindergarten. So given what we now know, shouldnt we be doing everything to protect the children most at risk?No one is suggesting testing all boys to see which variant of the MAO-A gene they have, but what the science is telling us is that we should redouble efforts to tackle abusive upbrin

44、gings, and even simple neglect. This will help any child, but especially those whose biology makes them vulnerable. Thankfully there is already considerable enthusiasm in both the US and the UK for converting the latest in behavioral science into parenting and social skills: both governments have sc

45、hemes in place to improve parenting in families where children are at risk of receiving poor care.Some people are uncomfortable with the idea of early intervention because it implies our behavior becomes “set” as we grow up, compromising the idea of free will. That view is understandable, but it wou

46、ld be negligent to ignore what the studies are telling us. Indeed, the cost to society of failing to intervene in terms of criminal damage, dealing with offenders and helping victims of crime is bound to be greater than the cost of improving parenting. The value to the children is immeasurable.61. Researchers have come to a consensus: to explain violent behavior _. A. in terms of physical environmentB. form a biological perspectiv