2018年初中英语阅读理解解题技巧.docx

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1、初中英语阅读理解（一）先读问题，弄清考查要点，以便能带着问题看文章，心中有数，有的放矢。 （二）快速浏览全文，掌握全貌，注意发现与问题有关的信息，如果时间紧，至少要扫视一下起首段和尾段。再把标题和文章内容结合起来想一想，这样全文大意便清楚了。（三）细读原文，捕捉相关信息词，掌握短文细节内容典型例题分析（一）Mr Brown first went to look at the underground - fire when he was seven. Through the hole（洞）in the earth you could see the orange fire, but you ha

2、d to look fast because it was so hot, said Mr Brown. In 1898, he saw the fire once more（再一次）.Now, we can only see the smoke. The fire Mr Brown saw is not the underground - fire. In fact, there are 260 coal（煤）fires in the world. They are harmful（有害）and dangerous. Then how to put them out?Scientists h

3、ave tried to set（放置）fire to underground coal to speed up（加速）the fires. In this way, the burning（燃烧）of underground coal would be soon finished.（被烧完）。1. Mr Brown first saw the underground - fire _.A. at the age of seven B. seven years old C. in the year of 1898D. more than（超过）80 years ago 2. Mr Brown

4、said that we had to take a fast look at the fire because _. A. it was in the hole B. it was very hot C. it was orange D. it was harmful3. How many coal fires are there in the world? A. Theres only one.B. Its hard to say. C. There are 260.D. The article（文章）doesnt tell us.4. Whats one of the best ways

5、 to put out（扑灭）the underground fire?A. To cover（覆盖）the holes with stones（石块）.B. To speed up the fires.C. To see the fires burning. D. To do some experiments（试验）.5. What is the best title（标题）for the article?A. Watching the Underground - Fire. B. A Way to Put Out the Coal Fires.C. The Burning Earth. D

6、. Coal and Coal Fires.（二）根据文章内容判断正误 Fred telephoned his wife. “Ive got two free tickets for the theatre tonight,” he told her. “Meet me outside the office. Well have something to eat and then go on to the theatre.”Freds wife was very pleased. They hadnt been to the theatre for a long time. She met h

7、er husband as he told her. They had dinner and got to the theatre just in time.At the entrance Fred took out his wallet to get the tickets. “Its very strange,” he said. “They arent here!” “Try your pockets,” said his wife. But the tickets werent there, either.Then Fred looked very embarrassed (尴尬).

8、“Whats the matter?” asked his wife. “Well,” Fred said, “I remember what I did with my tickets. I put them in my bag. But because I wasnt going home, I left it in the office!”( ) 1. One day, Fred was given the tickets for the theatre.( ) 2. Fred and his wife went to the theatre quite often.( ) 3. Fre

9、d wanted to meet his wife in a restaurant.( ) 4. They reached the theatre neither late nor early.( ) 5. Then Fred couldnt find his tickets and remembered what he had done with the tickets.（三）阅读下面短文，然后回答文后问题。 Taking exams always makes me nervousWhat about you? Here are some suggestions that my friend

10、 offers mePreparing for exams The most important part of preparing for an exam is to know what to studyReview subjects youve spent a long time on during classes，look through what you were asked to read and topics of essays and homework，or ask your teachers to see if they can give a few suggestionsOn

11、ce you know what to study，the next is to know how to studyArriving at an examHow you arrive at an exam will decide how you take your examBe sure to arrive：EarlyWith a full stomachWell restedWith all the things you will need for the examHaving your own exam habits .Before you begin your exam，be sure

12、to：Set up your things close byPut your name and other identification information on your exam-answer sheetRead all the directionsMake a brief plan about how you will divide your time between sectionsTake a few deep breaths every time you feel nervousIf you prepare well for your exam，arrive confident

13、ly and settle in before you beginDont spend more time on a question that you should unless youre ahead of schedule(时间表)根据短文内容，回答下面的问题。1What is the most important before you take an exam? _2Should you arrive at an exam early or on time? _3What should you do if you feel nervous just before an exam? _4

14、How would you feel if you got everything ready?_三、题材分析（一）家庭、朋友与个人情况 1990 was a significant year in world eventsIn February，Nelson Mandela was set free after 27 years in prisonIn October，East and West Germany became one country againThen at the end of 1990，the World Wide Web was bornFor this final ev

15、ent we have one man to thank，Tim Berners Lee，the father of the Web Berners Lee was born on June 8，1955 in London，EnglandHis parents，both computer designers，encouraged him to think and work creatively as he grew upHe was an excellent student and naturally took an interest in computers and science Aft

16、er graduating from Oxford University，Tim went to work at a science research centre in SwitzerlandThere he developed some of the different systems that would later become the WebThe first was HTML，the computer language used to make web pagesThe second was an address system that let computers anywhere

17、 find each other and send and receive informationIn 1990，while still at the science centre in Switzerland，he put them together to make the first Internet browser(浏览器)It could run on any computer and allowed people to creat website to share their information with the rest of the world Tim knew that t

18、he more people used the Web，the more useful it would beHe wasnt interested in money but knowledge，so he gave out his invention for free to anyone who was interestedMany were interested and the growth of the Internet began Today Tim works as a professor at the MIT in America，researching new and inter

19、esting ways to use the WebHe has received many awards from governments and organizations for his effortsHe is still not very interested in moneyThat is why he is so admired by his students and workmatesIt may also be one of the reasons that few people outside the world of technology know his name( )

20、 1The underlined word significant (in Paragraph 1) most probably means _ Astrange Bterrible Cimportant Ddifficult ( ) 2Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? AThe address system was used to make web pages BThe World Wide Web was created in Switzerland CThe first web brow

21、ser was very expensive to buy DMany people could use the Internet before 1990 ( ) 3What can we learn about Berners Lee from the passage? AHe was encouraged to be creative BHe didnt do well at school CHe is a very poor businessman DHe is well known all over the world ( ) 4Where does Berners Lee live

22、today? AEngland BSwitzerland CAmerica DCanada ( ) 5What is the passage mainly about? AThe events that took place in 1990 BThe history of the Internet CThe invention of the Internet browserDThe man who created the Word Wide Web（二）学校生活与语言学习 校园生活与语言学习是中考阅读理解考查的一个热点话题，一方面与学生生活、学习、交流等息息相关；另一方面，来自社会，紧贴社会生

23、活，具有一定的时代感和现实意义。这类话题多是说明文，做题时要注意说明的对象、内容及说明方法。这类题要注意每段话的开头部分，整体把握材料信息。 When you see the girl for the first time，you may think she is a boyShe is very outgoing(外向的)Who is she? Wang Meng，the Chinese top skater On the evening of February 26th，2010，Wang Meng first got to the finishing line in 1 minute a

24、nd 29.213 seconds in the womens 1000 meters short track speed skating final(短道速滑决赛) at the Vancouver Olympic Winter Games(温哥华冬奥会)After she succeeded in the 500-metre and 3000-metre races，she won her third gold medal this timeWith this one China won four gold medals in the womens short track speed sk

25、atingThat helped China first win the team gold medal in Winter Olympics history Just before the final race Wang Meng caught a bad cold and coughed terriblyWith the words of You can，you can do! she won at lastShe said，I really feel these three gold medals belong to my team，to ChinaIt was with the hel

26、p of my team that I won the prize Though Wang Meng is only twenty-four，she has been the most successful Chinese skaterWe are proud of her and her teamWe hope she will be faster in Sochi Olympics in 2014阅读短文，根据短文内容选择最佳答案。 ( ) 1China won gold medals in the womens short track speed skating A2 B3 C4 D5

27、( ) 2.It took Wang Meng 1 minute and 29.213 seconds to finish the short track speed skating final Awomens 1000 Bmens 1000 Cwomens 500 Dmens 500 ( ) 3In Wang Mengs opinion，made her win the prize at last Aa strong body Ba bad cold Cher teams help Dmuch exercise ( ) 4Which of the following is NOT true

28、according to the passage? AWang Meng is very outgoing like a boy BWang Meng is the most successful Chinese skater CChinese people are proud of Wang Meng and her team DChina has got the team gold medal twice in Winter Olympics history（三）天气与自然 Earthquakes happen without warning(前兆)They can happen any

29、time of a day，at any point during the yearWhen an earthquake is happening，you should know what you should do or not do Do NOT go outsideYou could get injured from falling glass or parts of buildingsIf you are outside，stay away from buildings and power lines(输电线) Stay under a desk，table，or other stro

30、ng furnitureHold on to itOr stay in a corner of the buildingCover your face and head with your arms and cover your mouth with a towel or clothingStay inside until shaking stops and it is safe to go outside Keep away from windows，pictures or advertisements on the wall or the building，and anything els

31、e that could fall and hurt youMost people get injured by falling things during an earthquake，not by the shaking itself Also keep away from a fireYou could fall down and burn yourself on the fire If you are driving when an earthquake happens，stop the car if its safeStay inside your car until the eart

32、hquake stops，and dont drive near bridgesTry not to stop by power lines or treesThese could fall and hurt you阅读短文，根据短文内容选择最佳答案。 ( ) 1It isnt safe for you to _ while the earthquake is happening Arun out of the building Bstay in a corner of the building Ccover your head with your arms Dcover your mouth

33、 with a towel ( ) 2From this passage，we know _ Amany people fear earthquakes Bearthquakes maybe happen at any time Cwe cant save ourselves in an earthquake Dpeople never get injured in earthquakes ( ) 3The best title for this passage should be _ AHow Earthquakes Happen BHow to Drive a Car CWhat We S

34、hould Do in Earthquakes DWhy Earthquakes Happen（四）历史与地理 本话题在中考中所占比例不多，在历史方面要注意历史事件发生的时间、地点、原因以及有何影响等，而对地理知识的考查，一般多与旅游观光等内容相结合，这就要求我们了解各地的名胜古迹、遗址等。 解题思路：熟悉文章，找准问题关键所在，提高解题速度和质量。例如： On February 3rd，1949，New York Harbor(港) was an exciting placeMany people were there to greet a ship from FranceOn the sh

35、ip were 49 French railroad boxcars(火车车厢) filled with gifts from the people of France to the people of AmericaThese boxcars were from the famous Merci Train (Merci，a French word meaning thank you) After world War (二战)，a lot of factories，roads and farms in France had been destroyedMany French people h

36、ad no jobs or money and had little to wear and little to eatIn the winter of 1947，a train was sent across the United States，stopping in cities and towns along the wayAt every stop，people gave whatever they couldFactories gave clothing and medicineFarmers gave foodFamilies gave moneyEven school child

37、ren gave away their pocket money(零用钱)All the things were then taken to France by ship By 1949，the French had begun to recover(恢复) from the warThe Merci Train was their way of saying thank you to AmericaFrench people had filled the boxcars with giftsMost of them were personal，like hand-made toys，chil

38、drens drawings，or postcardsBut the boxcars themselves were perhaps the most meaningful of the giftsOn each car，the French people had painted the pictures of all their 40 provinces，with an American eagle on the frontThe boxcars were taken to each state of America，where they were warmly greeted Now ma

39、ny of the states still keep their boxcarsGifts sent by the French people can still be seen in some museumsThe Merci Train came out of the war，but it now reminds the world that countries can also work together in peace(和平)( ) 1Many people crowded at New York Harbor on February 3rd，1949 to _ Awelcome

40、the Merci Train Bmeet their families Chave a big party Dstart a trip by ship ( ) 2In 1947，a train stopped in cities across America in order to _ Agive away clothing and food Bget more soldiers for the war Ccollect things to help French people Dshow exhibitions from the museums ( ) 3The underlined wo

41、rd them in Paragraph 3 refers to(指) _ Athe American people Bthe French people Cthe boxcars Dthe gifts ( ) 4The French people painted their 40 provinces and an American eagle on each boxcar because _ Athey thought France was stronger than America Bit could show the friendship between the two countrie

42、s Cthe boxcars would be more beautiful Dthey were very good at painting pictures ( ) 5The passage is mainly about _ Athe story of the Merci Train BAmerican museums where the boxcars are kept Cgifts that American people liked DWorld War （五）社会万象 在中考阅读理解中，本话题包括的题材很多，它们来自生活，来自社会，针对这些题材要求抓住关键的句子和一些与考查内容有

43、关的问题所在，这样便于我们解题时“顺藤摸瓜”，找出问题的答案。这种题型一般是对文章理解能力的考查，抓住文章的关键句和关键词是非常重要的。 解题思路：看清题干，明确把握问题指向，带着问题读文章，避免“回视”现象，提高做题的速度，提高解题质量。例如： In most cultures，when you meet people you know for the first time during a day，it is usual to greet themOnce a young woman from England went to Hong Kong to workWhen she first

44、arrived，she knew little about the Chinese culture of languageOn her way to school one day，she went to a bank to get some moneyTo her surprise，the bank clerk asked her if she had had her lunchShe was surprised at such a question because in the British culture it would mean an invitation to lunchBetwe

45、en unmarried young people it can also mean the young mans interest in dating the girlSince this bank clerk was a stranger to the British woman，she was very puzzled，and quickly answered that she had eaten alreadyAfter this she went on to school and was even more surprised when one of the teachers asked her the same question By now she understood that it could not be an invitation but was puzzled as to why they asked itIn the following days she was asked the same question again and again and she spent many hours trying to work out why so many people kept asking h