Jade culture玉石文化英语论文.doc

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1、Jade culture Summary: Chinese jade is a fine large Bo deep part of traditional culture in China. At various times it has a different cultural connotation. We now study the jade and jade has a very important significance. It can accelerate the development of our tourism industry and reinforce interna

2、tional exchanges. In addition, jade culture let the peoples of the world to understand China deeply.1. History of jadeChina has the Original jade culture and the oldest in the world .it also is the country with the highest level. Jade culture can be traced back to the primitive society, and next to

3、the Ming and Qing dynasties. So it has long-term history.Jade and pottery, is with the development of agriculture and produce prehistoric. According to archaeological discovery, the original agriculture appeared in the Neolithic age, and the earliest jade and pottery had been produced in our country

4、. In our late Neolithic, it also is the original agricultural prosperity period, at the time, the jade and pottery also corresponded into the early period which prove that the production and the development of art is subject to the condition of the social economy. For this reason, in the late Neolit

5、hic age, jade and pottery in China as early model artIn the slave society of the Shang and Zhou period, people used the bronze ware as tools to make jade. At that time, jade handicraft industry has emerged. And sizeable craft workshops and technical team had turned up. Jade also have very complex sh

6、apes and patterns, Which are distinctive features have a fairly mature carving technique. In the warring States period, Qin dynasty and Han dynasty, jade had been improved modeling ability on the basis of Shang Dynasty and Zhou Dynasty, there were vivid, lively, interesting features. And the use of

7、jade gradually broke through the etiquette of the solemn occasion of the Jade limited, has become freer. All of these reflect that the Chinese jade is a very important part of Chinese art, as brilliant as it and other cultural and artistic achievements. After the Han dynasty, the jade which unearthe

8、d in the tombs of significantly reduced. it prove that the concept of jade has changed. In the southern and Northern dynasties, many minority jades reflect that they brought a lot of minorities jade style at the time of the minority infringement. Because of the prevalence of archaeological culture i

9、n the Song dynasty, there have been many antique jade. After following the song, especially after the Ming dynasty, jade style inheritance and development is to be the highest level. The Palace of jade in the highest stage of development is Qing dynasty, and Qing dynasty jade occupies an important p

10、osition in the development of Chinese jade, which developed to the highest level of Chinese imperial jade. Qing dynasty jade made China become the country that is famous for its rich delicate unique jewelry and jade article. In end of the Qing dynasty, the imperialist powers aggression made China in

11、to a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society, which ended the period at the Palace of jade on the Mission of art. But China still continued his production, propagation and development of jade, even today.2. Classification of ancient Chinese jadeAncient Chinese jade are profound cultural connotation. I

12、t is the first token which became the sign of different levels. Zhou dynasty jade also reflect the patriarchal system and the sacrificial system in the period of Western. In the spring and autumn period, jade are more abstract meaning of noble moral character. During the Qin and Han dynasty, jade ri

13、tual system of color had disappeared. During the second Jin and the southern and Northern dynasties, jade become a food of channel. In the Ming and Qing dynasties， jade reached peak as arts and crafts. Ancient jade purposes have four essential aspects. First, jade used for worship. Second, jade for

14、etiquette。Third, jade for immolation. Fourth, the Jade used to wear ornaments. In addition, the ancients have superstition that jade are against demon and channel. Wearing jade Long-term in the body can ward off evil and the construction spot.3. Function of jadeWhy jade is so precious in ancient? Fi

15、rst of all, not only the Jade has its own beauty, but also it has a lot of functions.Jade is a natural mineral. Minerals are a very special part in traditional Chinese medicine, and its research has a long history in China. Certainly, Gem has an important part. If the human body is not good long-ter

16、m, wearing jade will be good for ones health. Because of jade mineral will be slowly absorbed by the human body, and it will reach health effects. Such as, wearing jade on the left hand is good for the heart.Jade also has the mechanism of health effect. According to chemical analysis, jade has a var

17、iety of useful trace elements to the human body. Wearing a jade can promote trace elements to be absorbed by the skin, which will activate cells and increase the bodys immune function.Modern jade in addition to the continuation of functions ，add to the performance of various cultural. The special cu

18、ltural of jade fit in the mental which is fashionable and relaxed to modern people. However, modern Jade is more abundant and conferred on the connotation of the style of the times from beautifying our lives or the functions of blessing.To sum up, Jades history is not only a long history, and more g

19、eneration of people love. Modern Chinese jade culture is the beauty of nature and the derived jade theory, it is not just to bring the human material beauty, more bring the beauty of the human spirit, and to promote the harmony of the whole world生命列车The Train Of Life1. 不久以前，我读了一本书。书中把人生比作一次旅行。2. 人生一

20、世，就好比是一次搭车旅行，要经历无数次上车、下车; 时常有事故发生; 有时是意外惊喜，有时却是刻骨铭心的悲伤 3. 降生人世，我们就坐上了生命列车。我们以为我们最先见到的那两个人-我们的父母，会在人生旅途中一直陪伴着我们。 4. 很遗憾，事实并非如此。他们会在某个车站下车，留下我们，孤独无助。他们的爱、他们的情、他们不可替代的陪伴，再也无从寻找。 5. 尽管如此，还会有其他人上车。他们当中的一些人将对我们有着特殊的意义。 6. 他们之中有我们的兄弟姐妹, 有我们的亲朋好友。我们还将会体验千古不朽的爱情故事。7. 坐同一班车的人当中，有的轻松旅行。8. 有的却带着深深的悲哀 还有的,在列车上四处

21、奔忙，随时准备帮助有需要的人 9. 很多人下车后，其他旅客对他们的回忆历久弥新 但是，也有一些人，当他们离开座位时，却没有人察觉。10. 有时候，对你来说情深义重的旅伴却坐到了另一节车厢。你只得远离他，继续你的旅程。11. 当然，在旅途中，你也可以摇摇晃晃地穿过自己的车厢，去别的车厢找他 12. 可惜，你再也无法坐在他身旁，因为这个位置已经让别人给占了 .13. 没关系。旅途充满挑战、梦想、希望、离别 就是不能回头。因此，尽量使旅途愉快吧！14. 善待旅途上遇见的所有旅客，找出人们身上的闪光点。15. 永远记住，在某一段旅程中，有人会犹豫彷徨，因为我们自己也会犹豫彷徨。16. 我们要理解他人，

22、因为我们需要他人的理解。17. 生命之谜就是：我们在什么地方下车？坐在身旁的伴侣在什么地方下车？我们的朋友在什么地方下车？我们无从知晓 18. 我时常这样想：到我该下车的时候，我会留恋吗？我想我还是会的。和我的朋友分离，我会痛苦。让我的孩子孤独地前行，我会悲伤。 我执著地希望在我们大家都要到达的那个终点站，我们还会相聚 19. 我的孩子们上车时没有什么行李，如果我能在他们的行囊中留下美好的回忆，我会感到幸福。20. 我下车后，和我同行的旅客都还能记得我，想念我，我将感到快慰。21. 献给你, 我生命列车上的同行者, 祝您旅途愉快!1. Not long ago, I read a book,

23、in which a mans life was compared to a journey.2. The life of a man is just like a hitchhiking，during which many times we go up and down. Now and then things will happen accidently, some of which are to be unexpected excitement，while some heart-breaking sorrows. 3. When first embraced the world，we a

24、re already on the train of life. We take it for granted that the first two persons, our parents, whom we are encountered with, will accompany us all the way.4. Sadly，things do not go on as we thought.Our parents will get off the train at a certain station，leaving us, bereft and helpless.Their love a

25、nd emotion to us and their irreplaceable company can be found in nowhere.5. However，there will be somebody else who will get on the train. Some of them will have special meaning to us.6. Some of them may be our siblings , relatives and friends, and we will also expereince the imperishable love.7. So

26、me of our travelling companions are quite light-hearted on the way.8. While some may bear immense sorrow.Still some ,back and forth, are ready to hold out their hands for others who need help.9. Some people alight off the train, yet they are still kept in the mind of the other passengers for long;so

27、me, to the opposite, leave their seats without being noticed.10. Sometimes, the one,who is dear to your heart, has huddled into another carriage. Nothing but one you can do is just to keep on going, far away from him.11. Of course, during the journey, you may stagger to another carriage to look for

28、him.12. Its a pity that you will never seat yourself beside him because the seat has been engaged by others. 13. Never mind. The journey is full of challenges,dreams, hopes and departures- but only one thing is that you cant turn back. So, have a good journey with heart and soul.14. Show your good-w

29、ill to all the passengers you are encountered with, and find the merits of theirs.15. Remeber that someone may oscillate just as we do in the journey.16. We should understand others just as we need others understanding.17. The enigma of life is：Where shall we get off the train of life?And how about

30、the companions beside us?And our friends?We dont know.18. Sometimes I think：When my time comes to get off the train，shall I miss it？I think I will.It is a suffering when I part with my friends.I will be sorry for leaving my kids going alone.I firmly hold that when we get to the terminal，we will have

31、 another reunion.19. When my kids get on the train of life, they have only little luggage in their travelling bags. However,if I can leave the beautiful memory in them,I will be happy. 20. After getting off the train of life, I will be content if my fellow passengers will remember me and miss me.21. To you , the companions on my train of life.May you have a good journey!