On Application of Problem-based Method in Primary School English Teaching英语专业毕业论文.doc

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1、On Application of Problem-based Method in Primary School English TeachingName: Zhang DeyongStudent Code: 09471083Class: Class three 3 Grade 09Telephone No.: 13987685376E-mail:358411484 Supervisor: Song JianxiangDate: On January 10, 2013AcknowledgementFirst and foremost, I would like to show my deepe

2、st gratitude to my supervisor, Professor Song Jianxiang, a respectable, responsible and resourceful scholar, who has provided me with valuable guidance in every stage of the writing of this thesis. Without his enlightening instruction, impressive kindness and patience, I could not have completed my

3、thesis. His keen and vigorous academic observation enlightens me not only in this thesis but also in my future study.ContentsAbstract1Chinese Abstract21.Introduction 32. Analyze the problem32.1 Question in English class42.2 The importance of questions42.3 The significance of using Problem-based meth

4、od43.Discuss the Problem-based teaching method53.1 A study on interesting in English53.2 Applying of Problem-based Method73.3 Advantage and disadvantage9 4. Countermeasures of Problem-based Method in primary English Teaching11 4.1 Teachers should ask more questions11 4.2 Students should ask more que

5、stions about their problem12 4.3 Methods should contribute to cultivating talents in future13 5. Conclusion14 Notes16 Bibliography16 On Application of Problem-based Methodin Primary School English TeachingAbstract: The problem-based method a scholar in Song Dynasty who suggested that problems should

6、 be existed in everyones mind in study, and could be solved in the course of study. Study needs problems, problems are the beginning of thinking and the foundation of the innovation. English is one of the main languages all over the world, in China, English as second language and used widely, people

7、 are realizing the importance of learning English，so children learn English from primary school. There are many teaching method for childrens English study. The problem-based method could help children improve their English interests in class and learn to think independently. The problem-based teach

8、ing method is significant for the children. Childrens thinking activities often start from questions. Problem-based method could not only develop childrens cognition, also improve childrens thinking in primary schools. Key words: problem-based; teaching method; primary school; English teaching问题教学法在

9、小学英语学习中的运用摘要:问题为基础的教学法是基于宋代朱斌的建议；问题应该存在于每个人的心灵和大脑，它是思维的开始，是创新的基础，当今世界的迅速发展，全球经济发展。在世界各地英语是主要语言，尤其在中国，英语作为第二外语广泛应用，人们认识到学习英语的重要性，所以孩子们小学开始学习英语。问题的教学法可以帮助孩子提高他们的英语学习兴趣。问题为基础的教学方法，使孩子们有更多的独立思考能力；此外，问题会帮助他们创新。我们可以把问题教学法看为主导的人，换句话说，它在教学中的主导作用。其次，它作为一个穿针引线的教学方法。以问题为基础的教学方法在小学英语学习中能促进其他教学方法的改进。最后，问题为基础的教学方

10、法，可以提高孩子们的主观能动性，帮助他们更好地学习英语。关键词：问题教学法，兴趣，分析，解决，提高,运用1 Introduction English is one of the main languages in the world, English as a second language is taught and used widely in China. People are realizing the importance of learning English，so children are asked to learn English from primary school. B

11、ut many students have no interests to study English. One of the reason is that they are not encouraged to learn English with meaningful questions in class. As a scholar suggested that problems should be exist in everyones mind in study, and could be solved in course of study. Study needs problems, p

12、roblems is the beginning of thinking, and the foundation of innovating. This paper will try to explore the application of the problem-based method in primary school English teaching. 2 Analyze the problem2.1 Question in English classThe reason why many students have no interests to study English is

13、that they always feel difficult to study English and have no meaningful things to attract them. It is not difficult to see problem-based method important in primary school English teaching. For example, an English teacher who asks a variety of humorous questions in English class and always has many

14、questions to ask students, would have a good effect. In contrast, an English teacher who has no interesting question to ask students, only uses textbook to teach would be less welcome in class. If you are a student in that primary school, which style do you like? There is no doubt that you would cho

15、ose the first one. Because the first style can help students learn better and the latter. Obviously, teachers questions are particularly important in English class. It will directly influence students learning effects whether the questions are wonderful humor or not.2.2 The importance of problemsQue

16、stions are connected with answers，sometimes question is answer, they encourages us work hard toward problems. So the problem-based method has a leading role in teaching and learning. The reason is that childrens thinking activities start from questions and all studies are around the questions. So pr

17、oblem-based method could be bused to encouraged students thinking actively in class with questions. This will greatly improve teaching effect in English class and will also be helpful to develop childrens cognition. 2.3 The significance of using problem-based methodThe problem-based method refers to

18、 taking question in class, regarding questions as the center of teaching method. Students discover the problem, analyze the problem, and teachers help them solve the problem. The problem-based method would be help teachers achieve the teaching objectives. It is helpful to cultivate students ability

19、of listening and speaking, when questions are asked, answers would be found and expressed by speaking. And it would improve the students thinking. Problem-based method is very important and useful in primary school English teaching.3 Discuss the problem-based method3.1 Arouse interest of study Engli

20、shMany children have no interests to study English, because they fell difficult to learn. The reason is that there are no meaningful things to attracts them. But there are some children like to learn English because they are interested in English. children aged 6 to 9 are very curious and active thi

21、nking, as long as they are asked interesting questions about their study in class, They will try their best to study and explore if they have strong interest. The implementation of English curriculum in Chinese primary schools is often influenced by traditional teaching method. That is a kind of exa

22、m-oriented education. Actually, teachers should be encouraged to use the problem-based method in their teaching activities and help their students learn initiatively with questions. According to Wang Guangliang 1students abilities and science literacy are more emphasized along with our countrys educ

23、ation reforms. So we should consider how to cultivate students science quality and improve students comprehensive quality in primary schools. Many students dont want to learn English is that they have no interest in English. Ancient Chinese educationalist Confucius once said: To be interested in som

24、ething is more than to study something. Therefore, in the teaching process, the key is to cultivate the students interest in learning. Interest is the best teacher, especially in having the first English lesson. In order to make students know each other and remember everyones name, teachers should t

25、ry to use their English names in class and help them to develop interest of learning English. Teaching aids are useful in stimulating students interest in learning English. For pupils in primary schools, intuitive teaching is especially important, students will be very happy if the teaching aids are

26、 interesting. Therefore, teachers should try their best to stimulate students interest in their English teaching. 3.2 Applying of problem-based teachingProblems exist in every corner of the universe, there are problems no matter in life or in the study. This means that we must find the method to sol

27、ve the problem, so how to use the problem-based method is the key problem. There are many application of problem-based method that is used to set up situation with problems, to guide students learn actively and independently, to explore and find answers, or to solve the problems. The method will hel

28、p students obtain basic knowledge and learning skills. In English class, by asking questions, teachers should help students find answers to the problems, and obtain the basic knowledge and skills in English learning. Teachers interesting questions directly affect the students thinking and interest i

29、n learning. Only in this way, can students thinking focus on teacher, which can also improve the quality of the class, improve the learning ability of thinking method, to cultivate students innovation ability. Question is not only a way of communication, but also a kind of teaching method. In Englis

30、h class, the teaching environment should be created closely to the daily communication environment. Asking question is one of important way to communicate between teachers and students.2 Such as the structure” Do you like. ?” in Oxford elementary school English 5A unit4 The author put forward to stu

31、dents like this: What do I like? Can you guess?” Students naturally use sentence “Do you like?” to ask the teacher, Communication in the class is very positive. But teachers questions should be the heuristic questions. Heuristic questions are of value and significance, guiding students to think acti

32、vely, and developing their thinking ability. In primary English teaching, teachers should ask interesting and instructive questions, use artistic, vivid language to attract students to think actively, and consider the teaching materials from students psychological characteristics.Teachers should pay

33、 attention to the following problems, the first one is how to start teaching with questions, Questions should be designed neither too easy, direct, nor too difficult for students to find out answers. The second one is how to answer questions reasonably and to avoid question with a standard answer. Q

34、uestions of thinking and deducing should be prepared in primary English teaching. This will not only help students cultivate scientific spirits and creative thinking habits, but also accumulate knowledge. The practice of English teaching shows that using the problem-based method reflects the positio

35、n of teachers leading role in arousing students learning enthusiasm and initiative. The students ability of self-study and spirit of exploring knowledge will be improved in the course of teaching and learning. It is helpful to enlarge students vision, developing students intelligence, training stude

36、nts analysis and induction, practicing the ability of solving the problems in English learning. Using the problem-based teaching method, teachers teaching ideas become more clearly. And students become more interested in learning English. Of course, the teaching effect would be obviously. This would

37、 encourage English teachers applying the problem-based method in their teaching.3.3 Advantage and disadvantageProblem-based method is one of basic teaching ideas with the pattern of asking questions exploring answers, solving problems. Questions often show the teaching objectives. Problem-based meth

38、od has the following advantages. First of all, it improves the efficiency of teaching. Secondly, it improves the students interest in learning, making the students happy to learn. Thirdly, it promotes students thinking, and improves the students thinking ability by exercise. Problems make the class

39、full of vitality. Under the new education form, problem-based method will be more and more welcome for its advantages. On the other hand it has some disadvantages, First of all, for part of students, it may cultivate the imagination of thinking for some me. but they have no interest of it. The secon

40、d, there will be a lot of problems that students do not understand, different questions may lead to dampen their learning enthusiasm. 3 Relations should be handled when the Problem-based method is used. Problem-based Method is a kind of teaching method to realize the teaching goal. In order to achie

41、ve the best teaching effect, teachers need to use one of them or several methods according to different contents, teaching objectives and the actual condition of students. Therefore, teachers should master a variety of teaching methods, and use them flexibly. As the saying goes, teaching reality, te

42、ach there.4 In fact, several methods are often simultaneously used in class teaching. Second, the quality and quantity of questions are needed to pay attention to in the course of teaching. A question is a starting point of thinking. A good question can make students thinking actively. In order to a

43、chieve a good effect of the Problem-based Method, it should well handle the relationship between the quality and quantity of the problem. The third is the relationship between question and the answer. Mr Tao xingzhi said: thousands of invention, the starting point is the way. Einstein also said: to

44、ask a question often more important than to solve a problem. 5.Teachers should pay more attention to the art of asking questions, cultivate the students problem consciousness. On the other hand, teachers should pay attention to the art of using question and answer in propose of encouraging students

45、thinking actively and stimulating their interest in learning. The fourth is the relationship between questions with absolute and relative answers. Questions can be divided into two categories. The first category has ready-made answers. This kind of problems can also be called relative problems. Anot

46、her kind has no ready-made answers. This kind of questions have never been solved before, and can also be called absolute questions. Therefore, teachers should well balance the relationship between the relative and absolute problems. In a word, the advantages and disadvantages of the problem-based m

47、ethod should be well realized and treated dialectically in primary English teaching.4 Countermeasures of Problem-based Method in Primary English Teaching4.1 Teachers should ask more questionsZhang Fuliang, a Chinese teacher said, “Traditionally, class is the teachers stage. Students are in passive a

48、cceptance of knowledge most of the time.”6 But problem-based method changed the situation. Although the answer is unique, but there are many kinds of answers in progress. A teacher should design questions from the perspective of students learning. Firstly, memory question, and make students review t

49、he knowledge they have been learned. This will consolidate their knowledge. Explanatory problems not only help students analyze the causality and inner link, but also understand the key point of text. Next summarize problem or to generalize the knowledge of content. Teachers should ask questions like what knowledge