Brief English-Chinese Physics Glossary.doc

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1、Brief English-Chinese Physics GlossaryFor Douglas PhysicsAlphabetic order, by SophieAccelerate加速Acceleration加速度Action-reaction pair作用力与反作用力Addition加Airy disk爱里斑Amplitude振幅Angular frequency角频率Angular momentum角动量Antinode波腹Area面积Average平均值Average velocity (acceleration)平均速度（加速度）Bearing方位Birefrigence双折射

2、Boundary condition边界条件Bragg condition布拉格条件Bragg reflection布拉格反射Brewsters law布儒斯特定律Center of mass质心Centripetal acceleration向心加速度Change rate of 的变化率Chaos混沌Chaotic motion混沌运动Chromatic resolving power单色分辨率Circle圆形Circle of reference参考圆Circular polarization圆偏振Coherent 相干的Combined translation and rotation

3、平动和转动Completely inelastic collision完全非弹性碰撞Component vectors分矢量Components分量Conservation of angular momentum角动量守恒Conservation of mechanical energy机械能守恒Conservative force保守力Constructive interference干涉相长coordinate axis 坐标轴Critical angle临界角Critical damping临界阻尼Cycle一次全振动Damped oscillation阻尼振荡Decelerate减速D

4、eformation形变Derivative求导destructive interference干涉相消Dichroism二向色性Diffraction衍射Diffraction grating衍射光栅Diffuse reflection漫反射Direction方向Dispersion色散Displacement位移Dissipative force耗散力Distance路程Division除Driving force主动力Dynamics动力学Ecliptic椭圆形Elastic collision弹性碰撞Elasticity弹力，弹性Elliptical polarization椭圆偏振E

5、quilibrium平衡Equilibrium position平衡位置Ether以太External force外力Force /action 力Forced oscillation受迫振荡Fraction分数Frame of reference参考系Fraunhofer diffraction夫琅和费衍射Free fall自由落体Free-body diagram 受力图Frequency频率Fresnel diffraction菲涅耳衍射Friction force摩擦力Fundamental frequency基频Geometric optics几何光学Gradient斜率Gravit

6、ational interaction万有引力Gravity重力Gyroscope回转器，陀螺Harmonic oscillator谐振子Harmonics谐波Holography全息图Huygensprinciple惠更斯原理Impulse冲量Impulse-momentum theorem动量定理Incline斜面Index of refraction折射率Inelastic collision非弹性碰撞Inertia惯性Instant时间点，瞬时Instantaneous瞬时的Instantaneous velocity (acceleration)瞬时速度（加速度）Integral积分

7、Interference干涉Interference fringes干涉条纹Internal force内力Inversely proportional to成反比的Isolated system孤立系统Joule焦耳Kinematics运动学Kinetic energy动能Law of conservation of energy 能量守恒定律Lever arm (moment arm)力臂Limit of resolution分辨率Line直线Line of action作用线Linear polarization线偏振Longitudinal wave纵波Magnitude大小Maint

8、ain保持Maluss law马吕斯定律Mass质量Mechanical wave机械波Mechanics力学Medium媒质Michelson interferometer迈克尔逊干涉仪Michelson-Morley experiment迈克尔逊-莫雷实验Model模型Moment of inertia转动惯量Momentum动量Monochromatic light单色光Motion diagram运动图像Multiplication乘Natural angular frequency固有频率Negative负Net force合力Newtons law of motion牛顿定律New

9、tons rings牛顿环Node波节Nonconservative force非保守力Nonreflective coating投射膜Non-uniform circular motion非匀速圆周运动Normal法线Normal component法向分量Normal mode简正模式Optics光学Origin point 原点Oscillation / vibration振动Overdamping过阻尼Overtone泛音Parallel平行Parallel-axis theorem平行轴定理Parallelogram平行四边形Particle粒子Path路径Period周期Perio

10、dic motion / oscillation周期运动Periodic wave 周期波Perpendicular / vertical垂直Phase angle相角Phasor定向器Photoelasticity光测弹性学Photon光子physical pendulum复摆Plane of incidence入射平面Planks constant普朗克常数Polarizing angle偏振角Polarizing filter偏振器Position vector位置矢量Positive正Potential energy势能Power功率Principle of conservation

11、of momentum动量守恒Principle of superposition叠加原理Procession进动Projectile抛体运动Proportional to成正比的Quarter-wave plate1/4波片Radian弧度Ray射线Rayleighs criterion瑞利判据Rectangle矩形Reflection反射Refraction折射Relative velocity相对速度Resolving power分辨率Resonance共振Resonance curve共振曲线Rest静止的Restoring force回复力Reverse反向Right hand ru

12、le右手定则Rigid body刚体Rolling without slipping无滑的滚动Rotational kinetic energy转动动能Scalar标量Scalar (dot) product标积Scattering散射Simple harmonic motion (SHM)简谐运动Simple pendulum单摆Sinusoidal wave正弦波Specular reflection镜面反射Speed速率Sphere球Square正方形Standing wave驻波Start出发Stationary静止的Subtraction减Superposition叠加Tangent

13、ial切向Tangential component切向分量Tension拉力Time interval时间段Torque力矩Total internal reflection全反射Total mechanical energy总的机械能Trajectory弹道，抛射轨道Transverse wave横波Trapezium梯形Traveling wave行波Triangle三角形Underdamping欠阻尼Uniform circular motion匀速圆周运动Unpolarized light自然光Vector矢量vector (cross) product矢积Velocity速度Watt瓦特Wave equation波动方程Wave front波前Wave function波函数Wave length波长Wave speed波速Work 功Work-energy theorem动能定理X-ray diffractionX射线衍射6