The Problems and Suggestions in Expanding the Vocabulary for Students英语毕业论文.doc

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1、The Problems and Suggestions in Expanding the Vocabulary for Students扩大学生词汇量的问题以及建议内容摘要：在英语学习中，词汇扮演了一个极为重要的角色，拥有一个很大的词汇量在英语学习中的优势是很明显的。但是拥有一定的词汇量本身就是一个很大的问题。本文将重点分析学生在词汇学习方面存在的问题；并就此提出相应的对策。关键词：词汇 问题 建议 方法Outline1. Introduction2. Some Students Problems in Learning English3. Suggestions on English Vo

2、cabulary Learning3. 1 Extensive reading is the best way to acquire a larger vocabulary 3. 2 Learning new words and expressions from the context3. 3 Using the new words and expressions as much as possible 3. 4 Association is also an effective method to expand your vocabulary3. 5 Adjusting the learnin

3、g approaches and learning attitude4. Conclusion1. IntroductionIt is well known that vocabulary plays a very important role in language learning because it is essential to learn a language , and English is no exception to it. Without vocabulary , there would be no sentence , no text and no language.

4、Vocabulary is to the Chinese learners as building materials are to the architect. Therefore , it is necessary for our students to acquire a large vocabulary. Theoretically , the larger ones English vocabulary is , the more competent one will be in his language learning. Without a large English vocab

5、ulary ,no one can claim a good command of English. Yet in order to enlarge the vocabulary and overcome the inefficient approaches in learning process , the writer gives some suggestions in the following , hoping they will be helpful to our students in expanding their English vocabulary.2. Some Stude

6、nts Problems in Learning EnglishSome students complain that although they have learned English for many years , they are still incompetent in speaking , writing , listening and reading. They cannot read English books in the original. They have difficulties in reading English newspapers and magazines

7、. And they fail the examinations , such as CET - Six and TEM Four or Eight. If they want to go abroad to pursue further education , they need to prepare for TOFEL , GRE or IELTS. Of course , lack of enough vocabulary is the main problem for their failure in the exams and their incompetence in using

8、English. They worry excessively about their insufficient vocabulary. So memorizing English words seems to be the major activity among the students of English. Many of them put the accumulation of English vocabulary above everything else in the learning process. You can see our students buy numerous

9、vocabulary books from the bookstore. They spend enormous amounts of time and energy in memorizing the inventory of vocabulary books ,even occasionally attempting to learn the dictionary by heart in order to expand their vocabulary. I dont think it a proper way to do so. Perhaps for a short period of

10、 time they might achieve a rapid growth of vocabulary , and for them the words are” easy come and easy go”. They can neither be long retained nor correctly used , because the methods they use to learn words are just straight translation or rote learning. There is no context about the new words , and

11、 they dont know how to use them correctly. Even if they know the word in such a way , it does not help to form in the mind wide associations with other words nor adds depths to the memory. That is why some of the students consider that the reward is very little. Some students have difficulties in co

12、mmunicating with other people. Sometimes they want to say something , but they cant express themselves. They appear awkwardly silent at times because they cant understand what others say. The major reason is their limited vocabulary , so if our students want to communicate with others well , to enla

13、rge their vocabulary is extremely urgent. In writing the students always rack their brains to use the correct words. It is a pity that they have no clear idea about the use of words in the composition . Even though they memorize the words , they are not certain about the spelling. In that case , the

14、y dont know what they have written even when they finish writing a composition. The reason is that they dont master the English words well.In short , the problems mentioned above are caused by their in2sufficient vocabulary. What our students need to do is to expand their vocabulary. It is estimated

15、 that most of college students have vocabulary problems and they look for a shortcut to enlarge their vocabulary.3. Suggestions on English Vocabulary Learning3. 1 Extensive reading is the best way to acquire a larger vocabulary It is greatly helpful to read widely for English learners. We teachers s

16、hould encourage our students to read as much as possible , and encourage them to have more English words input through extensive reading and take notes of well - written phrases , sentences or paragraphs while reading , and encourage them try to imitate and use them later. Only with more input store

17、d in their mind , can they learn English well.3. 2 Learning new words and expressions from the contextIn English learning , I dont think it a proper way to spend much of the time memorizing the inventory in the vocabulary books. In fact , only some words at elementary level can be learned out of the

18、 context , while many other words at higher levels should be ac2quired within the context , so learning new words and expressions in the context is very important. Any time you learn something in the context , you understand it better , and remember it longer , especially at college stage. In the wr

19、iters opinion that might be one of the rea2sons why some students who learn and memorize the inventory in the vocabulary books , feel that such a way turns out to be far less competent at using English than they had expected to. Therefore the students should be encouraged to read extensively and lea

20、rn new words and expressions in the context. It is far from adequate to just cover the text books intensively , they should be guided to read English newspapers , English journals and simplified English novels , and other textbooks , such as New Concept English , Integrated Skills of English by Yu S

21、humei , and College English by Zhou Shuanfeng. While reading these textbooks , students are sure to find out that the vocabulary is easier to be memorized in the context.3. 3 Using the new words and expressions as much as possible It is a good way to write new sentences , make up stories by using as

22、 many new words as possible and read texts that contain those new words , and purposely use the words in conversation with native speakers. As to reading texts , the more words youre exposed , the larger vocabulary you will have , because most vocabulary words are learned from the context. While rea

23、ding , our students should pay close attention to words they dont know. They should first try to figure out their meanings from the context , then look the words up in the dictionary and finally learn to use them. Our students should read and listen to challenging materials so that they will be expo

24、sed to many new words.3. 4 Association is also an effective method to expand your vocabularyNattingger once said : ”To know the meaning of a word becomes the task of knowing its associations with other words.” Memorizing and mastering lexical items in association with other words have proved to be e

25、ffective. Take company for example. We can associate it with other words , such as accompany v.陪同 ,伴随 ; companion.同伴 ,共事者 ,伴侣 ; accompanied by 由 伴随 ; accompanied with附加 ; in the company of 在 的陪同下 ; keep company with与 交往 ,结伴 ; keep sb. company陪伴某人.Besides , motivation is also a very important factor

26、to enrich our vocabulary. Only when our students have a strong desire to build up their vocabulary , can they make prominent progress.3. 5 Adjusting the learning approaches and learning attitudeEnglish learning in middle school is different from college English learning. The former is always examina

27、tion - oriented and exercise - based and the students are motivated because they can know the progress in learning English. But at the college stage , the students are supposed to obtain some knowledge about English , includ2ing their vocabulary , sentences , structures and usages. Their abili2ties

28、to listen , speak , read , write and translate are being trained and developed at college stage. What they desperately lack is the skills tousle the language they are learning. In the writers opinion , It is important for us teachers to teach our students “how to learn “instead of “what to learn” at

29、 this stage. The students purpose in learning English is the effective use of English in social communication and in their future careers. So the most important thing is that teachers should provide good guidance while students should adopt proper learning approaches and correct attitudes toward the

30、ir English learning. 4. ConclusionVocabulary is of great importance , and it is like building materials to us English learners. In the efforts to expand our vocabulary ,we need to adopt proper ways and methods , such as extensive reading , learning new words and expressions in the context , and usin

31、g new words and expressions as much as possible , association and motivation. In all kinds of other learning activities we need to provide chances to recall our knowledge of encountered words and chances to come across new ones. We teachers should not only guide our students in the right direction ,

32、 but also do what we can to help our students to expand their vocabulary.References1. Nattinger. J . 1988 Some Current trends in VocabularyTeaching London : Longman Press2. Garner. M. 2003 Building a Better Vocabulary Cambridge :Cambridge University Press3. Ji Hongwei J 2004 A new Role For Vocabular

33、y in college English Teaching ELT in China : Beijing Foreign Language Teaching And Research Press1.爱不释手fondle admiringly.2.百闻不如一见（眼见为实） Seeing is believing.3.比上不足比下有余 worse off than some, better off than many; to fall short of the best, but be better than the worst. 4.笨鸟先飞 A slow sparrow should make

34、 an early start. 5.不眠之夜 white night 6.不以物喜不以己悲 not pleased by external gains, not saddened by personnal losses 7.不遗余力 spare no effort; go all out; do ones best 8.不打不成交 No discord, no concord. 9.拆东墙补西墙 rob Peter to pay Paul 10.辞旧迎新 bid farewell to the old and usher in the new; ring out the old year a

35、nd ring in the new 11.大事化小小事化了 try first to make their mistake sound less serious and then to reduce it to nothing at all 12.大开眼界 open ones eyes; broaden ones horizon; be an eye-opener 13.国泰民安 The country flourishes and people live in peace.14.过犹不及 going too far is as bad as not going far enough; be

36、yond is as wrong as falling short; too much is as bad as too little 15.功夫不负有心人 Everything comes to him who waits. 16.好了伤疤忘了疼 once on shore, one prays no more 17.好事不出门恶事传千里 Good news never goes beyond the gate, while bad news spread far and wide. 18.和气生财 Harmony brings wealth. 19.活到老学到老 One is never

37、too old to learn. 20.既往不咎 let bygones be bygones 21.金无足赤人无完人 Gold cant be pure and man cant be perfect. 22.金玉满堂 Treasures fill the home. 23.脚踏实地 be down-to-earth 24.脚踩两只船 sit on the fence 25.君子之交淡如水 the friendship between gentlemen is as pure as crystal; a hedge between keeps friendship green 26.老生常

38、谈陈词滥调 cut and dried, clich 27.礼尚往来 Courtesy calls for reciprocity. 28.留得青山在不怕没柴烧 Where there is life, there is hope. 29.马到成功 achieve immediate victory; win instant success 30.名利双收 gain in both fame and wealth 31.茅塞顿开 be suddenly enlightened 32.没有规矩不成方圆 Nothing can be accomplished without norms or st

39、andards. 33.每逢佳节倍思亲 On festive occasions more than ever one thinks of ones dear ones far away.It is on the festival occasions when one misses his dear most. 34.谋事在人成事在天 The planning lies with man, the outcome with Heaven. Man proposes, God disposes. 35.弄巧成拙 be too smart by half; Cunning outwits itse

40、lf 36.拿手好戏 masterpiece 37.赔了夫人又折兵 throw good money after bad 38.抛砖引玉 a modest spur to induce others to come forward with valuable contributions; throw a sprat to catch a whale 39.破釜沉舟 cut off all means of retreat；burn ones own way of retreat and be determined to fight to the end40.抢得先机 take the pree

41、mptive opportunities 41.巧妇难为无米之炊 If you have no hand you cant make a fist. One cant make bricks without straw.42.千里之行始于足下 a thousand-li journey begins with the first step-the highest eminence is to be gained step by step 43.前事不忘后事之师 Past experience, if not forgotten, is a guide for the future. 44.前人

42、栽树后人乘凉 One generation plants the trees in whose shade another generation rests.One sows and another reaps. 45.前怕狼后怕虎 fear the wolf in front and the tiger behind hesitate in doing something 46.强龙难压地头蛇 Even a dragon (from the outside) finds it hard to control a snake in its old haunt - Powerful outsid

43、ers can hardly afford to neglect local bullies. 47.强强联手 win-win co-operation 48.瑞雪兆丰年 A timely snow promises a good harvest. 49.人之初性本善 Mans nature at birth is good. 50.人逢喜事精神爽 Joy puts heart into a man. 51.人海战术 huge-crowd strategy 52.世上无难事只要肯攀登 Where there is a will, there is a way. 53.世外桃源 a fictit

44、ious land of peace away from the turmoil of the world; 54.死而后已 until my heart stops beating 55.岁岁平安 Peace all year round. 56.上有天堂下有苏杭 Just as there is paradise in heaven, while there are Suzhou and Hangzhou on earth 57.塞翁失马焉知非福 Misfortune may be an actual blessing. 58.三十而立 A man should be independen

45、t at the age of thirty.At thirty, a man should be able to think for himself. 59.升级换代 updating and upgrading (of products)60.四十不惑 Life begins at forty. 61.谁言寸草心报得三春晖 Such kindness of warm sun, cant be repaid by grass. 62.水涨船高 When the river rises, the boat floats high. 63.时不我待Time and tide wait for n

46、o man. 64.杀鸡用牛刀break a butterfly on the wheel 65.实事求是seek truth from facts; be practical and realistic; be true to facts 66.说曹操,曹操到Talk of the devil and he comes. 67.实话实说speak the plain truth; call a spade a spade; tell it as it is 68.实践是检验真理的唯一标准Practice is the sole criterion for testing truth. 69.

47、山不在高，有仙则名No matter how high the mountain is, its name will spread far and wide if there is a fairy; 70.韬光养晦hide ones capacities and bide ones time 71.糖衣炮弹sugar-coated bullets 72.天有不测风云Anything unexpected may happen. a bolt from the blue 73.团结就是力量Unity is strength. 74.“跳进黄河洗不清” eve if one jumped into

48、 the Yellow River, one can not wash oneself clean-theres nothing one can do to clear ones name.75.歪风邪气unhealthy practices and evil phenomena 76.物以类聚，人以群分Birds of a feather flock together. 77.往事如风The past has vanished (from memory) like wind.; What in past, is pas 78.望子成龙hold high hopes for ones child 79.屋漏又逢连阴雨Misfortunes never come singly. When it rains it pours. 80.文韬武略military expertise; military strategy 81.唯利是图draw water to ones mill 82.无源之水,无本之木water without a source, and a tree without roots 83.无中生有make create something out of nothing 84.无风不起浪There are no waves wit