The Cultural Differences between English and Chinese Animal英语专业毕业论文.docx

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1、The Cultural Differences between English and Chinese Animal Abstract在漫长的人类历史的发展进程中,动物通常与人类的密切关系和影响人类的生存和发展。密切关系导致人类喜爱的复杂感情,同情或厌恶。同时,人们经常使用动物来表达他们的感情。有很多与有关动物词汇在中英文文化。词的语言反映了文化发展的差异。历史上因为文化的影响组件,习俗,定价,看来,宗教、信仰等,这两种语言,中文和英文,给自己的内涵的动物单词。这篇文章是关于文化方面的异同对比动物词的文化背景和基础,英语和汉语中动物词汇的文化内涵。还分析了如何翻译英语和汉语之间动物帮助人们在

2、跨文化交流沟通顺利,正常。In the long course of the development of human history, animals usually keep a close relation with human beings and influence human existence and development deeply. The close relation results in human complex feelings of fondness, sympathy or antipathy. Also, people often use animals t

3、o express their feelings. There are so many vocabularies with relation to animals in both English and Chinese culture. Words of the language reflect differences of cultural development. Because of the influence of cultural components in history, custom, pricing, view, religion, belief etc, the two l

4、anguages, Chinese and English, give their own connotations to animal words. This article is about contrasting the cultural similarities and differences in terms of animal words cultural backgrounds and their fundaments, and cultural connotations of animal words in English and Chinese. It also analyz

5、es how to translate animal words between English and Chinese to help people do well in the cross cultural communication smoothly and properly.1. Introduction1.1 The causes of cultural differencesVocabulary is very rich in English and Chinese languages, including vocabulary related to the animals ver

6、y much. Animal words refer to words and said animals including these words phrases and other idioms. These words not only can vividly show a certain quality, personality, and can describe some events and succinctly convey certain emotions. In daily life, animal words with rich expressive force, are

7、often used to express their feelings, enrich their own language, language has been integrated into the people of all nationalities, and for people to accept and widely used. Because of the difference of all ethnic groups, all sorts of animals are endowed with moral with strong national culture chara

8、cteristic and the profound historical origin, cultural connotation of animal words in English and Chinese differ greatly, embodies the cultural background of the groups to which he belongs. Due to the two peoples lives for a long time in different cultural background, naturally to the same animal wo

9、rd different association, endowed with abundant cultural connotation of animal words in a more.2. Comparative Study on Animal Words in English and Culture 2.1 Animal WordDogChinese and English people like to have a dog, but as a result of national customs and habits of dogs have different views, the

10、 image of the dog in both English and Chinese, there are differences. The Chinese have a dog has a long history. The ruling class in ancient China musicians often love to play with a dog, national policy, has four of the wars and said outside the royal palace treasures, dog Ma Shi stables and beauty

11、 under Chen. Here are written timbres total ruler is dissolute erosion life portraiture. Hoarders and affluent family dog to see door, and often put a dog bite, the resulting or, seeing dogs were low, such as idioms. In addition, in Chinese views, the dog is always dirty lowly animals, people genera

12、lly have an aversion to the dog on the psychological, the image of the dog is often used to describe actions mean bad or ugly bad thing. In Chinese, the dog has the meaning of cheerleading, accomplice, give a person the lenovo is disgusting things, there are dog, the dog slave, or, dog take a mouse,

13、 a coward, the dogs mouth emits no ivory, asshole and so on. Although a dog some of the advantages of good with the Chinese, such as loyalty, brave, intelligent, but I cant put it in China is very important position; In the west, the dog is men s best friend. In English, there are many good words ab

14、out the dog of choose and employ persons. Such as: You r e a lucky dog (You are a lucky man.; Man; and fun of a gay dog (merry);A top dog (senior);The bush during the campaign says, I will put into a campaign to like a dog fight. In the English language, of course, also has a derogatory sense of the

15、 term dog a dog s life (dogs life);A yellow dog (contemptible man), dog eats dog (the competing heavily, refers to a bad situation).Again as the magpies (pay-per-tweet), Chinese have a good news, they say called magpie branches, an occasion came to. But in English means speak ill of others behind th

16、eir backs, as the poet John Clare: pay-per-tweet that chatted, no komen so black (Magpie noise is the worst, one million).2.2 Animal WordBatThe bats are mammals, insects such as mosquitoes and moth. In western folklore, the bat is an evil animal, always linked with sin and darkness. Mention the bat,

17、 think English people to deliberate (vampire bats).Legend deliberate from the grave at night to eat sleep is blood, let a person fear and disgust. Some English idioms in the table also shows that for the bat bad associations, such as the as blind as a bat (blind as a bat);Crazy as a bat (crazy as a

18、bat), etc. Bats in the have nationality, however, due to its pronunciation and f word is the same, and therefore is considered a good luck, happiness and longevity and health of our countrys traditional picture the bats and deer design together, constitute a deer bat (pronounced blessing), on behalf

19、 of riches, bless the people the meaning of blessed with green. And because red bat and most unisonant, so red bat is a symbol of good luck. There are a lot of the same animal words in English and Chinese two languages with different cultural connotation, reflects the huge differences between Englis

20、h and Chinese two kinds of culture, reflect the national culture personality.2.3 Animal WordDragon Dragons are the wings and a mouse, a huge mouth to jet fire lizard. In English, the dragon represents the atrocious - cruel and evil, evil, dragon on behalf of evil and the devil, if the woman likened

21、to the dragon, means that the woman is fierce and unpleasant.(1) She is a dragon, so you had better keep away from its ehrs. (2) She is a bit of a dragon around the lace, however, in Chinese, the meaning of dragon and English LTD is just the opposite. In Chinese, giving people the blessing, auspicio

22、us dragon is a dragon is a symbol of auspiciousness and rights. In feudal society and even today, the dragon has a high status in Chinese: the feudal society, the dragon is the symbol of the king and the supreme ruler. Today, I am a descendant of the dragon, the descendants of the dragon, dragon bec

23、ome our Chinese totem. for example: (1) long To hope one s son will have a bright future. (2) Long Zi long sun - the sons and grandsons of dragon. It is usually informs the to call oneself by Chinese people.Dragon (dragon) is a mythical animals of the Chinese and western culture. Auspicious distingu

24、ished dragon in Chinese and English in the vicious evil dragon in stark contrast. In Chinese culture, the dragon is a symbol of auspiciousness, authority, dignity and prosperity. The Chinese nation is the descendants of the dragon. In the feudal society, the dragon is the symbol of the emperor, empe

25、rors are called himself the real dragons. Today, the dragon in the Chinese peoples heart is still the supreme, we put our own country known as the Oriental dragon, the dragon can be seen as the totem of the Chinese nation. In Chinese there are a large number of idioms about dragons, while, in extrem

26、ely good fortune, dynamic display of the dragon culture connotation in Chinese culture. However in western culture, people believe that dragon is evil, is a ferocious monster, and is the devil incarnate.3. Culture Difference Embodied in Animal Words 3.1 Social FactorsEnglish and Chinese two ethnic g

27、roups living in different natural environment, all belong to different system of civilization, China belongs to the loess civilization Britain belongs to Marine civilization, thus formed a distinctive regional culture. English and Chinese nation is closely related to its life animals endowed with di

28、fferent cultural connotation and meaning. Our country is an agricultural country since ancient times, cow in the history of our country agriculture as the main farming tools, have to effect, is an indispensable tool in people working. Cattle culture in our country, therefore, is a very popular image

29、, the emotion is reflected in language. There are a lot of belt cow words in the Chinese idioms are rich in good color, such as books, dote on ones children, the workhorse, willing ox, strong such as cattle, etc. Instead of the people who speak English countries people dont family treasure for cattl

30、e, but only dishes. They see cows with faults, such as a bull in a China shop reckless trouble; Like a bull at a gate rage fierce; Throw the bull crap. John Bull (John Bull) is the British nicknames, the word in John Arbuthnot (1667-1735), the pen first appeared, refers to a man named John Bull from

31、 England, who says what being reckless, restless, funny. Calf (calf), cow (cow), buffalo (buffalo) the cultural connotation is derogatory, such as the calf metaphor stick; Cow metaphors fat ugly people; The to buffalo sb. Refers to trick someone.(3) due to the different custom culture and the cultur

32、al connotation differences between English and Chinese nation some dogs, and dogs and dog alleged object completely consistent, but the English and Chinese national purpose and attitude towards a dog is not in English nation is not only for the sake of hunting dogs, housekeeping, and often for the c

33、ompany. Some people do not have children, and he took the dog instead, their dog can get quite a lot of preferential treatment and privilege. They eat, wear, and composed of musicians for dog. When the dog got sick, can please vet, also please psychologists, specialized subject doctor to treat. When

34、 master outside false, they can also enjoy the best treatment holiday. But in the have nationality, this kind of phenomenon is not possible. And in English, there are dog good phrases and sentences. For example, Love me, Love my dog refers to Love me, Love my dog, a lucky dog refers to the lucky guy

35、, Every dog has its day means Every dog has his day, a good dog deserves a good ipads refers to a reward, Help a lame dog over a stile refers to the timely, Help others in distress, etc.3.2 Mode of ThinkingOne of the Chinese ways of thinking in images show, is a pictographic character, with fractal

36、signal is one of the important characteristics of Chinese characters. The characteristics of British and American people logic way of thinking can see from the functional sex of the English. Chinese is self-explanatory characters image, a see will know that it means cheng yi, such as the up and down

37、 and a, such as: the sea, river and river, there are Chinese character component water, said they are related to water. High number of Chinese quantifiers, culture connotation is rich, like, this is Chinese visual expression. Such as a mirror and flower, a chair a table a stick tree a coat and so on

38、. In the han and the English translation is only retained the stating meaning of the original, quantifier iconicity has failed to retain the original.Empirical Chinese heavy intuition, British and American people pay attention to the practical experience of Chinese traditional thought, pay attention

39、 to the overall thinking, and with the aid of intuitive awareness, through perception in general fuzzy and grasp the understanding of the essence of object and law directly. Intuitive thinking emphasizes perceptual knowledge, inspiration and enlightenment. This characteristic of thinking comes from

40、the idea of Confucianism, Taoism, Buddhism, also is the product of nature and humanity philosophy. Such as Chinese words are: an Epiphany, goes through this. Understanding language tend to highlight the meaning, and tries to comprehend between the lines, not too attaches great importance to the scie

41、ntific analysis of the language. Evaluation of event and often take the form style, essays, historical context showed his feelings and experience, less use system theory to empirical research is discussed. And always attaches great importance to the rational knowledge of British and American people

42、thinking tradition, value analysis, and therefore takes the empirical, advocated through the analysis of a large number of empirical science, objective conclusion, so the English language system comprehensive analysis. No analysis of the grammatical relations of Chinese sentences, we can also unders

43、tand the meaning of the sentence, but without analysis of English sentence grammatical relations, especially the complicated relationships in the long sentences. We cant understand the meaning of English sentences.4. ConclusionBy above this paper shows that our understanding of animal words, not onl

44、y in the surface layer of vocabulary that sense, should understand vocabulary profound cultural connotation. As a language learner to grasp the connotation of words must be in understanding the words. Same to truly understand the cultural connotations of words, should be kept on a lot of reading, to

45、 study the cultural differences, avoid by all means while reading means. Only in-depth understanding of the national cultural traditions and customs, to communicate smoothly, truly in the cross-cultural communication assurance. So, in the teaching should combine language teaching and culture teachin

46、g, and using a variety of ways - heavy reading original English newspapers, watching English movies, video, etc., let the student English in a real situation, so that the students in the process of learning vocabulary really realize the meaning of words in the original culture, correctly use learned

47、 words in intercultural communication from communication, really achieve the goal of language teaching.Bibliography1. By ram, Lyons. J. M. Language and culture in foreign language teaching and research press, 1998.2. Mankind. Introduction to intercultural communication M. Foreign language teaching a

48、nd research press, 1999.3. Mankind. Culture and communication M. Foreign language teaching and research press, 1994.4. Jiang Lei. Cultural connotation of English idioms and comparison M. Wuhan university press, 2000.5. Liao Guan Grong. Animal words between English and Chinese culture contrast J. Journal of foreign languages, 2000