九年级英语全册知识.doc

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1、九年级英语Unit1一 语法现在完成时态由have/ has 过去分词表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果常与already, just , yet , ever, never，how long 连用Have you finished your work yet？你完成了你的工作了吗？ 表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态和表示过去某一时刻延续到现在的一段时间的状态连用如：（for + 时间段，since + 时间点，或过去某一动作， 以 注：非延续性动词在现在完成 时态中不能和for, since 引导的表示一段时间的状语的肯定句连用。应转为相应的延续性动词 如：buy

2、- have die- be dead join - be in borrow/lend- keep leave- be away I have bought a pen.- I have had a pen for 2 weeks.The dog has died.- The dog has been dead since last week.have (has) been to + 地点 去过某地 已回，一般与表次数的词连用have (has) gone to + 地点 去了某地 没回 ，主语一般是第三人称have been in + 地点 一直呆在某地 没有离开过，一般与一段时间连用如：

3、She has been to Shanghai. 她去过上海。(已经回来)She has gone to Shanghai. 她去了上海。(没有回来)She has been in Shanghai for 2 days.她呆上海两天了。(没有离开过上海)二:短语，句型1. by + doing 通过方式如：by studying with a group by 还可以表示： “在之前”“乘车”等如： I have to go back by ten oclock. The student went to park by bus.2. talk about sth 谈论某事talk to s

4、b. = talk with sb. 与某人说话3. 提建议的句子：What/ how about +doing sth.? Why dont you + do sth.? 如：Why dont you go shopping? Why not + do sth. ? 如：Why not go shopping? Lets + do sth. 如： Lets go shopping Shall we/ I + do sth.? 如：Shall we/ I go shopping?4. a lot 许多 常用于句末如：I eat a lot. 我吃了许多。a lot of许多= lots of

5、许多常与名词连用 5. tooto 太而不能 常用的句型 too+adj./adv. + to do sth. 如：Im too tired to say anything. 我太累了，什么都不想说。6. aloud, loud与loudly的用法 三个词都与大声或响亮有关。 aloud是副词,loud可作形容词或副词。loudly是副词,7. not at all 一点也不 根本不 如： I like milk very much. I dont like coffee at all. 8. be / get excited about sth. =be / get excited abou

6、t doing sth. = be excited to do sth. 对感兴奋 9. end up doing sth 终止做某事，结束做某事 end up with sth. 以结束 如：10. first of all 首先. to begin with 一开始 later on 后来、随11. also 也、而且（用于肯定句）常在句子的中间 either 也（用于否定句）常在句末 too 也 (用于肯定句) 常在句末12. make mistakes in doing犯错 make a mistake 犯一个错误 13. laugh at sb. 笑话；取笑（某人） 14. take

7、 notes 做笔记，做记录 15. enjoy doing sth . 喜欢做乐意做 enjoy oneself 过得愉快16. each other 彼此 17. make up 组成、构成 18. one of +(the+ 形容词最高级)+名词复数形式 其中之一 如： She is one of the most popular teachers. 19. Its +形容词+(for sb. ) to do sth. (对于某人来说)做某事 如：Its difficult (for me ) to study English. 对于我来说学习英语太难。 句中的it 是形式主语，真正的主

8、语是to study English20. practice doing 练习做某事 21. decide to do sth. 决定做某事 22. unless 假如不，除非 引导条件状语从句 如：You will fail unless you work hard.假如你不努力你会失败。23. deal with 处理 24. worry about sb./ sth.=be worried about 25. be angry with sb. 对某人生气 如：26. perhaps = maybe 也许27. go by (时间) 过去 28. see sb. / sth. doing

9、 看见某人正在做某事 强调正在发生see sb. / sth. do 看见某人在做某事 全过程 如： 如： She saw him drawing a picture in the classroom. 她看见他正在教室里画画。29. look up 查阅（字典） 代词放在中间，名词放两边如：look it /them up 30. regard as 把看作为. 如：31. too many太多修饰可数名词如：too many girls too much太多修饰不可数名词 如：too much milk much too太修饰形容词 如：much too beautiful32. chan

10、geinto将变为33. with the help of sb. = with ones help 在某人的帮助下34. compare to 把与相比35. instead 代替用在句末，副词（字面上常不译出来） instead of sth. / doing sth. 代替，而不是 用在句中，动词36. try ones best to do 尽某人的最大能力去做某事 如：She tried her best to finish every work.37.how to swim 怎样游泳不定式与疑问词连用：动词不定式可以和what, which, how, where, when 等引

11、导的疑问句连用，构成不定式短语，充当宾语。如：I dont know where to go. 我不知道去哪。38系动词不能独立作谓语，要和表语一起构成谓语。常用的连系动词有：look, feel, be, become, get, turn, smell, taste, stay(保持), kept等。 连系动词除be 和become 等少数词可接名词 作表语外，一般都是接形容词作表语。如：They are very happy. She felt very tired. He became a doctor two years ago. 九年级英语Unit2一 语法反意疑问句 反意疑问句的

12、提问部分的结构是：助动词(be / will / do / have ) / 情态动词(can / could等) + 主语 肯定陈述句否定提问如：Lily is a student, isnt she? 否定陈述句肯定提问 You havent finished homework,have you?提问部分用代词而不用名词 Lily is a student, isnt she?陈述句中含有否定意义的词，如：little, few, never, nothing, hardly seldom,not, no, neither, none等。其反意疑问句用肯定式。 如：He knows lit

13、tle English, does he?他一点也不懂英语，不是吗？They hardly understood it, did they?他们几乎不明白，不是吗?前面是祈使句, 后用 will you? (lets 开头时, 后用shall we?)当主语是第一人称I时, 若谓动为think, believe, guess 等词时, 且其后跟宾丛,这时疑问句部分的人称, 时态要与宾语从句保持一致, 同时还要考虑否定转移例: I dont think he can finish the work in time, can he?二:短语，句型1. used to do sth. 过去常常做某事

14、 be/get used to doing sth.习惯于, to 为介词. be used to do sth 被用来做某事2. be different from. 3 play the piano弹钢琴 4 be interested in sth/ in doing sth. 对做感兴趣sth interest sb某物让某人感兴趣3 interested adj. 感兴趣的，指人对某事物感兴趣，主语是人4 interesting adj.有趣的，指某事物/某人具有趣味，主语是物 如：He is interested in math, but he isnt interested in

15、 speaking English. 他对数学感兴趣，但是他对说英语不感兴趣。5. wear 表示状态. =be in +颜色的词；put on 表示动作.dress sb. / oneself 给某人穿衣服 6. be able to do 与can 能/会做某事 be able to do sth. 有各种时态的变化如：She is able to do it. =can do I can swim.我会游泳7不再 no more = no longernot any more =not any longer：8. 害怕 be terrified of sth. be terrified

16、of doing sth. 9. on 副词，表示（电灯、电视、机械等）在运转中/打开，其反义词off. with the light on 灯开着10. walk to somewhere 步行到某处 walk to school 步行到学校11.spend 动词，表示“花费金钱、时间” 1 sb. spends sm /st on sth. 在某事上花费（金钱、时间） 2 sb. spends sm /st in doing sth. 花费（金钱、时间）去做某事如： 3 Sb. pays sm for 花费 4 It take(s) sb. some time to do sth.12.

17、give up doing sth. 放弃做某事 13. chat with sb. 与某人闲聊14. worry about sb./ sth. 担心某人/某事worry 是动词 be worried about sb./sth. 担心某人/某事worried 是形容词15. all the time 一直、始终16. take sb. to + 地方送/带某人去某个地方如：A person took him to the hospital. 一个人把他送到了医院。17. hardly adv. 几乎不、没有 hardly ever 很少 hard 困难的，猛烈地18. miss doing

18、 v. 思念、想念、错过19. in the last few years. 在过去的几年内常与完成时连用 20. be different from 与不同反义词组：be the same as 与相同21. try to do sth. 尝试做某事22. make sb./ sth. + 形容词make you happy make sb./ sth. + 动词原形 make him laugh23. move to +地方搬到某地24. it seems that +从句看起来好像如：It seems that he has changed a lot. 看起来他好像变了许多。25. h

19、elp sb. with sth. 帮某人某事 She helped me with English.help sb. (to ) do sth. 帮某人做某事She helped me (to) study English。她帮助我学习英语。26. fifteen-year-old 作形容词15岁的 fifteen-year-olds 作名词指15岁的人 fifteen years old 指年龄15岁如：a fifteen-year-old boy一个15岁的男孩Fifteen-year-olds like to sing. 15岁的人喜欢唱歌。I am fifteen years old

20、 . 我是15岁。27.支付不起 cant /couldnt afford to do sth. cant / couldnt afford sth. 如：I cant/couldnt afford to buy the car. I cant/couldnt afford the car. 我买不起这辆小车。28. as + 形容词./副词as sb. could/can 尽某人的能力如： Zhou run as fast as her could/can. 周尽她最快的能力去跑。29. get into trouble 遇到麻烦30. in the end 最后31. make a dec

21、ision to do=decide to do 下决定下决心32. to ones surprise 令某人惊讶to their surprise令他们惊讶33. take pride in sth. 以而自豪=be proud of 34. pay attention to sth./ sb. 对注意，留心如：九年级英语Unit31.语态：英语有两种语态：主动语态和补动语态主动语态表示是动作的执行者被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者 Cats eat fish. （主动语态）猫吃鱼。 Fish is eaten by cats.(被动语态)鱼被猫吃。 被动语态的构成由“助动词be 及物动词的过

22、去分词”构成助动词be 有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与be 作为连系动词时完全一样。时态被动语态结构例句一般现在 时am are +过去分词is English is spoken in many countries.一般过去 时was +过去分词were + 过去分词This bridge was built in 1989.情 态动 词can/should/may +be+过去分词must/The work must be done right now.2. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事（主动语态）如：be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某

23、事（被动语态）如：3. get their ears pierced 穿耳洞让/使（别人）做某事 get sth. done(过去分词) have sth. done 如：I get my car repaired = I have my car repaired. 我让别人修好我的车4. enough 足够形容词enough 如：beautiful enough足够漂亮 enough名词如：enough food 足够食物 enough to 足够去做如：I have enough money to go to Beijing. 我有足够的钱去北京。 She is old enough to

24、 go to school.她够大去读书了。5. stop doing sth. 停止做某事Please stop speaking.请停止说话。stop to do sth. 停止下来去做某事Please stop to speak. 6. 看起来好像sb. seem to do sth. it seems that +从句 He seems to feel very sad. It seems that he feels very sad. 他看起来好像很伤心。7. 系动词不能独立作谓语，要和表语一起构成谓语。常用的连系动词有：look, feel, be, become, get, tu

25、rn, smell, taste, stay(保持), kept等。连系动词除be 和become 等少数词可接名词作表语外，一般都是接形容词。如：They are very happy. She felt very tired. He became a doctor two years ago. 8. 倒装句: 由so助动词(be/do/will/have)/情态动词主语意为：也是一样She is a student. So am I.她是一个学生，我也是。 She went to school just now. So did I . 她刚才去学校了，我也是 She has finishe

26、d the work. So have I . 她已经完成了工作,我也完成了。She will go to school. So will he.她将去学校，他也是。由neither助动词(be/do/will/have)/情态动词主语意为：也一样不9. yet 仍然，还常用在否定句或疑问句当中10. stay up 熬夜如：I often stay up until 12:00pm.我经常熬夜到12点。11. clean up 打扫整理如：I have cleaned up the bedroom. 我已经打扫完了卧室。12. 程度副词：always总是 usually经常 sometime

27、s有时 never从不 13. 曾经做某事：Do you ever get to school late? Have you ever got to school late? 14. go shopping(去购物), go fishing(去钓鱼), go swimming(去游泳), 15. be strict with sb. 对某人严厉如： Mother is strict with her son. 妈妈对她的儿子很严厉。16. take the test 参加考试pass the test 通过考试fail a test 考试失败17. the other day 前几天18. a

28、gree with sb同意反义词 disagree不同意 动词 agreement 同意反义词 disagreement 不同意名词18. keep sb/ sth. 形容词使某人/某物保持 keep sb/ sth doing 让某人一直做某事keep sb/ sth from doing=stop sb/ sth from doing阻止做某事 We should keep our city clean.我们应该保持我们的城市干净。19. bothand+动词复数形式如： Both Jim and Li Ming play bastketball.20. learn (sth.) fro

29、m sb. 向谁学习(什么) 如： Jim learnt English from his English teacher. 吉姆向他的英语老师学习英语21. have an opportunity to do sth. 有机会做某事 have a chance of doing sth./to do sth 有机会做某事 22. at present 目前23. at least 最少 at most 最多 at last最后24. 花费 take ,cost, spend , pay It take (sb.) time to do sth. It took (me) 10days to

30、read the book. sth. cost (sb.) sm The book cost (me) 100yuan. sb. spend sm/st on sth. She spent 10days on this book. sb. spend sm/st in doing sth. She spent 10days reading this book. sb. pay sm for sth. She paid 10yuan for this book.25. have +时间段+off 放假，休息 如：have 2 days off26. reply to sb 答复某人 如：She

31、 replayed to MrGreen.27. agree with sth. 同意某事 如：I agree with that idea. agree to sb. 同意某人的意见 如：I agree to LiLei.28. get in the way of 碍事，妨碍 如： Her social life got in the way of her studies. 她的社会生活妨碍了她的学习。29. success n. succeed v. successful adj. successfully adv. 30. think about 与think of 的区别 think

32、of想出，评价At last, he thought of a good idea. think about 还有“考虑”之意 ， We are thinking about going Qinzhou. 我们正在考虑去钦州。31. 对 热衷， 对兴趣be serious about doing 如：She is serious about dancing. 她对跳舞热衷。 be serious about sth. 如：She is serious about him. 她对他感兴趣。32. practice doing 练习做某事33. care about sb. 关心某人 如：Moth

33、er often care about her son. 34. also 也 用于句中 either也 用于否定句且用于句末 too 也 用于肯定句且用于句末 I am also a student. 我也是一个学生 I am a student too. 我也是一个学生。I am not a student either. 我也不是一个学生。九年级英语Unit4 词汇1. listen v. 听 listener n. 倾听者2. knowledgeable adj. 有知识的knowledge n. 知识3. shelf n. 书架 复数形式：shelves4. safety n. 安全

34、 safe adj. 安全的5. help v. 帮助 helpful adj. 有帮助的6. energetic adj. 有活力的 energy n. 活力7. medicine n. 药 medical adj. 医学的8. fair adj. 公平的 fairly adv. 公平地1、虚拟语气 即 if 引导的非真实性条件状语从句 通过动词形式的变化来表示说话人对发生的动作或存在的状态所持的态度或看法的动词形式称为语气，虚拟语气表示说话人所说的话不是事实，而是一种祝愿，建议或是与事实相反的假设等。 If 引导的条件状语从句分为真实和非真实条件句，非真实条件句应用虚拟语气。如果要表示与现

35、在或将来事实相反时，其虚拟语气结构为：句 型条件从句主 句谓语动词形式动词过去式(be动词用were)would+动词原形 即：(从句)if +主语+动词过去式(be 动词用were), 一般过去时(主句) 主语+would+动词原形 过去将来时 如：If I had time, I would go for a walk.如果我有时间，我就会去散步。(事实上我现在没有时间) If I were you, I would take an umbrella. 假如我是你的话，我会带上雨伞。(事实上我不是你)I would say no if someone asked me to be in a

36、 movie. 假如有人请我当电影演员，我会表示拒绝。(事实上没有人请我当电影演员)2. pretend to do sth. 假装做某事 I pretended to sleep just now. pretend +从句 假装 I pretended that I fell asleep. pretend to be doing .假装正在干某事3. be late for 迟到 如：4. a few 与 a little 的区别，few 与 little 的区别 a few 一些 修饰可数名词 a little 一些 修饰不可数名词 两者表肯定意义 如：He has a few frie

37、nds. 他有一些朋友。 There is a little sugar in the bottle. 在瓶子里有一些糖。 few 少数的 修饰可数名词 little 少数的修饰不可数名词 但两者表否定意义 如：He has few friends. 他没有几个朋友。 There is little sugar in the bottle.在瓶子里没有多少糖。5. still 仍然,还 用在be动词之后，行为动词之前 如： I am still a student.我仍然是个学生 I still love him.我仍然爱他。6. hundred, thousand , million, bi

38、llion (十亿)词前面有数词或several 一词时要不能加s ，反之，则要加s 并与of 连用， 表示数量很多 如：several hundred/ thousand/ million/ billion people 几百/千/百万/十亿人 hundreds of trees 上百棵树7. what if + 从句 如果怎么办 ， 要是 又怎么样 如： What if she doesnt come? 要是她不来怎么办？ What if LiLei knows? 如果李雷知道了怎么办？8. add sth. to sth. 添加到 如： I added some sugar to wat

39、er. 我把糖添加到水里。9. 系动词与形容词连用 get nervous 变得紧张 feel shy 觉得害羞 look friendly 看起来友好10. too +形/副+to do sth. 太而不能 如： Im too tired to stand. 我太累了而不能站。11. help with sth. 如：They help with this problem. help sb. do. 如：They help you relax. 他们帮助你放松12. in public 在公共场所 如:Dont smoke in public. 请不要在公共场所吸烟。13. energeti

40、c adj. 活力的 如：She is a energetic girl. 她是一个活力的女孩。 energy n. 活力 如：She has lots of energies. 她有活力。14. ask sb. to do 叫做某事 ask sb. not to do sth.叫不要做某事 tell sb. to do 告诉做某事 tell sb. not to do sth. 告诉不要做某事如：Teacher asked me to clean the classroom. Teacher asked me not to clean the classroom.15. start doin

41、g = start to do. 开始做某事 如： He started speaking/ to speak. 他开始说话。16. borrow sth. from sb. 从某人那里借来某物 如： I borrowed a book from Lily. 我从莉莉那里借来一本书。17.wait for sb.等某人 如：I am waiting for him. 我正在等他。18. introduce sb. to sb. 把某人介绍给某人 如： I introduced Lily to Anna. 我把莉莉介绍给安娜。19. invite sb. to do 邀请某人做某事 如： Lil

42、y invited me to go to her home for supper. 莉莉邀请我去她家吃晚饭。20. have dinner/ supper 吃晚饭have lunch/ breakfast 吃午餐、吃早餐21. plenty of 修饰不可数名词，也可以修饰可数名词 许多 如： They have plenty of food/ apples. 他们有许多的食物/苹果。22. 给某人某物 give sth. to sb. 如： give an apple to me give sb. sth. give me an apple 给我一个苹果23. get along with

43、 sb. 与相处 如： Do you get along well with your friends? 你和你的朋友相处得好吗？24. would rather do sth. than do sth. 表示愿做某事而不愿做某事 如： I would rather walk than run. 25. whole 整个 26. in fact 事实上27. let sb. down 让某人失望 如： Dont let your mother down. 不要让你的妈妈失望。28. come up with sth. 提出 想出 如： He came up with a good idea. 他提出了一个好主意。 catch up with sb. 追上 赶上 如： Lily caught up with Anna. 莉莉赶上了安娜。29. have experience doing 在做某事有经验 如： I have experience teaching Chinese. 我在教中文方面有经验。30. come out 出版，出来 如： The magazine comes out once a week. 这种杂志每周出版一次。31. by