新视野大学英语第三版第三册Unit4教案.docx

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1、辽东学院外国语学院大学英语系列教案新视野大学英语第三版读写教程 第 3 册Unit 4 Section AThe surprising purpose of travel令人惊奇的旅行目的1 Its 4:15 in the morning, and my alarm clock has just stolen away a lovely dream. I almost return back to sleep before my eye catches my packed suitcase and I groan, remembering that Im going to the airpor

2、t. The taxi is late and then lost, and Im getting increasingly nervous that Ill miss my flight. I run in when we arrive, stagger through security and finally get to my gate. After all the trouble of this morning, my flight is canceled and Im stuck in this terminal for the next 218 minutes, and my on

3、ly consolation is a cup of complimentary airport coffee. This is traveling, a burdensome series of running and waiting, and after countless hours, finally getting there.1 早晨四点一刻，闹钟把我从美梦中惊醒，要不是突然看见早已收拾好的行李箱，我几乎又要睡着。想起来还要去机场，我叹了口气。 出租车来晚了，并且在途中迷了路，我越来越担心会赶不上飞机。 出租车一到机场我就冲进去，跌跌撞撞通过安检处，终于，我来到了登机口。 经历这一早

4、所有的麻烦事，我乘坐的航班却被取消了。在接下来的 218 分钟里， 我被困在了机场，唯一觉得安慰的是机场提供的一杯免费咖啡。 这就是旅行，让人心烦的跑跑停停。最终，在不知经过多少小时之后，终于到达要去的地方。1 Its 4:15 in the morning, and my alarm clock has just stolen away a lovely dream. (Para. 1) Meaning: Its 4:15 in the morning and my alarm clock has just woken me up from a lovely dream.Note: In P

5、aragraph 1, present tenses are used to describe a scene which is not actually happening and to make the imaginary scene seem more immediate and more real.2 I run in when we arrive, stagger through security and finally get to my gate. (Para. 1)Meaning: I run in after we arrive, walk unsteadily throug

6、h security and get to the place where I should get on the plane.Note: The word gate here means the place at the airport where people get on a plane.3 Im stuck in this terminal for the next 218 minutes, and my only consolation is a cup of complimentary airport coffee. (Para. 1)Meaning: I am trapped i

7、n this terminal for the next 218 minutes and my only comfort is a free cup of coffee offered by the airport.Note: The author used 218 minutes instead of 3 hours and 38 minutes in order to emphasize the trouble of waiting for a long time.4 This is traveling, a burdensome series of running and waiting

8、, and after countless hours, finally getting there. (Para. 1)Meaning: Traveling means we have to spend countless hours running and waiting before we finally get to the destination, which is quite troublesome.2 Why do we travel? I dont mind the actual flying, the wonder of being airborne in a dense m

9、etal bird. The rest of the journey, however, can feel like a tedious lesson in the ills of modernity, from the predawn xray screening to the sad airport malls selling clusters of keepsakes. Its the result of a globalized world, and it sucks.2 我们为什么要旅行？ 其实，我并不介意飞行本身，在这样一个密实的金属大鸟中飞行， 让我感到很奇妙。 然而，旅程其余的

10、部分，从一大早 X 光检查到出售大堆纪念品的糟糕的机场商场，感觉就像是关于现代社会弊病的乏味课程。 这是全球化的结果，它糟糕透了。5 I dont mind the actual flying, the wonder of being airborne in a dense metal bird. (Para. 2) Meaning: I dont mind the flying itself as it is a great wonder that the plane, like a heavy metal bird, can fly in the sky.6 The rest of the

11、 journey, however, can feel like a tedious lesson in the ills of modernity, from the predawn x-ray screening to the sad airport malls selling clusters of keepsakes. (Para. 2) Meaning: But the rest of the journey is very boring. You have to endure and tolerate the problems and difficulties brought by

12、 modernity, such as going through the x-ray screening early in the morning and wandering around the terrible airport shopping departments selling various keepsakes.Note: The word ills means problems and difficulties, and screening literally means tests done to check someone for a particular disease,

13、 herex-ray screening means the process of testing passengers and their luggage for possible dangers. The word keepsake means a small object that you keep in order to remind you of something or someone.7 Its the result of a globalized world, and it sucks. (Para. 2)Meaning: It is the result of globali

14、zation, and thats too bad and very annoying.Note: Here, suck means be very bad, very annoying, etc. This is used only in the present tense.3 Sometimes, of course, we travel because we need to. Because in this digital age, there is still something important about the handshake at a business luncheon.

15、 Or eating moms special food on Thanksgiving. Or seeing your girlfriend on your 2year anniversary.3 当然，有时候我们旅行是因为我们需要去旅行。 因为即使在这个数字化时代，我们仍然有一些很重要的事情要去做，比如在商务午餐中与生意伙伴握手，或是在感恩节这天吃上妈妈特别准备的食物，或是在你和你女朋友的两周年纪念日这天去看她。8 Because in this digital age, there is still something important about the handshake at a

16、 business luncheon. (Para. 3)Meaning: Because even in this digital age, meeting other business people and shaking hands with them at a business lunch is still important.4 But most travel is decidedly optional. Only corporate travel, about 30% of trips over 50 miles, is truly compulsory. Instead, we

17、travel because we want to, because the annoyances of the airport are offset by the thrill of being someplace new. Because work is stressful and our blood pressure is too high and we need a vacation somewhere tropical. Because home is boring. Because the flights are on sale. Because Paris is Paris.4

18、但是大多数旅行是可去可不去的，在超过 50 英里的旅行中，只有 30%属于真正必需的商务旅行。 我们旅行是因为我们想要去旅行，因为到一个新地方的兴奋和激动可以抵消在机场的各种烦心事；因为工作压力太大，我们的血压太高，我们要去热带地区度假；因为在家实在太无聊；因为航班都在打折；因为巴黎毕竟是巴黎。9 But most travel is decidedly optional. Only corporate travel, about 30% of trips over 50 miles, is truly compulsory. (Para. 4)Meaning: But most travel

19、 is definitely of your own choice. You can choose to go or not to go. Only 30% of trips over 50 miles which are made for business are truly a necessity.10 Instead, we travel because we want to, because the annoyances of the airport are offset by the thrill of being someplace new. (Para. 4)Meaning: W

20、e travel because we want to, and also because the excitement of being in a new place will compensate for the annoyances caused by the airport.11 Because the flights are on sale. (Para. 4)Meaning: Because the flight tickets are sold at a price lower than usual.12 Because Paris is Paris. (Para. 4)Mean

21、ing beyond words: Because you go to Paris for the sake of its uniqueness. You just want to experience the wonder of Paris.Note: Parallelism is used in Because work is stressful . Because Paris is Paris. Such a rhetorical device adds balance and rhythm to sentences, giving ideas a smoother flow and t

22、hus they can be more persuasive because of the repetition the sentences employ.5 Thanks to modern aviation, we can now move through space at an inhuman speed. For the first time in human history, we can outrun the sun and move from one hemisphere to another in a single day. Of course, its not enough

23、 to simply get on a plane. If we want to realize the creative benefits of travel, then we have to rethink its overall purpose. Most people, after all, escape to Paris so they dont have to think about those troubles they left behind. But heres the irony: Our mind is most likely to solve our most stub

24、born problems while we are sitting in luxury in a Left Bank caf. So, instead of contemplating that buttery dessert, we should be conscious of those domestic issues we just cant solve.5 多亏了现代航空技术，我们现在可以以非凡的速度在空中穿梭。 在人类历史中，这是我们第一次超过太阳在短短一天中从一个半球到达另一个半球。 当然，仅仅往飞机上一坐是不够的。 我们要想认识到旅行在提高创新力方面的价值，还得再全面考虑其目的

25、。 毕竟，大多数人逃到巴黎，是因为这样他们就可以不必考虑家里的那些烦心事。 但是，具有讽刺意味的是，当我们坐在豪华的左岸咖啡馆时，我们的脑子极有可能能解决那些最棘手的问题。 因此,我们应该考虑那些在家里解决不了的问题，而不是琢磨那些奶油甜点。13 Thanks to modern aviation, we can now move through space at an inhuman speed. (Para. 5) Meaning: Thanks to modern aircraft technology, we can now move through space at an extre

26、mely rapid speed, which seems beyond human capability.14 For the first time in human history, we can outrun the sun and move from one hemisphere to another in a single day. (Para. 5)Meaning: For the first time in human history, we can travel faster than the sun, and we can go from one half of the ea

27、rth to another in a single day.15 But heres the irony: Our mind is most likely to solve our most stubborn problems while we are sitting in luxury in a Left Bank caf. (Para. 5)Meaning: But it is very strange and funny that we tend to solve our most difficult problems when we are relaxing in a luxurio

28、us Left Bank caf.Meaning beyond words: We travel because we want to get rid of the stubborn problems at home, but visiting new places may stimulate our brains and, therefore, be beneficial to problem solving. This is the irony.16 So, instead of contemplating that buttery dessert, we should be consci

29、ous of those domestic issues we just cant solve. (Para. 5)Meaning: So, instead of focusing on the dessert covered with butter, we should think about the problems we are unable to solve at home.6 The larger lesson, though, is that our thoughts are saturated with the familiar. The brain is a space of

30、near infinite possibility, which means that it spends a lot of time and energy choosing what not to notice. As a result, creativity is traded away for efficiency; we think in finite, literal prose, not symbolic verse. A bit of distance, however, helps loosen the cognitive chains that imprison us,mak

31、ing it easier to mingle the new with the old; the mundane is grasped from a slightly more abstract perspective. According to research, the experience of an exotic culture endows us with a valuable openmindedness, making it easier to realize that even a trivial thing can have multiple meanings. Consi

32、der the act of leaving food on the plate: In China, this is often seen as a compliment, a signal that the host has provided enough to eat. But in America the same act is a subtle insult, an indication that the food wasnt good enough to finish.6 但更应该知道的是我们的思想被熟悉的东西所充满。 大脑是一个几乎具有无限可能性的空间，这就意味着它花了大量的时间

33、和精力选择不去注意什么。 因此,我们牺牲创造力来换取效率。我们以字义明确的散文方式思考，而非以具有象征意义的诗歌方式思考。 然而， 一点的距离就可以帮助我们放松禁锢我们认知的链条，使新旧思想的结合更容易，对平淡无奇的事情可从更抽象的角度加以认知。 有研究指出，体验异国文化可以赋予我们宝贵的开放性思维，使我们更容易明白即使是微不足道的事物也可以有多种意义。 想一想把食物剩在盘子里这个行为: 在中国，这通常被看成是一种赞美，说明主人提供了足够的食物。 但是在美国，同样的行为却暗含侮辱，表明食物不够好，人们不愿意吃完。17 The larger lesson, though, is that our

34、 thoughts are saturated with the familiar. (Para. 6) Meaning beyond words: Based on what we have learned about traveling, we should extend our understanding to a broader sense and realize that our mind is full of the familiar things which are happening around us.18 The brain is a space of near infin

35、ite possibility, which means that it spends a lot of time and energy choosing what not to notice. (Para. 6)Meaning: The brain is able to take in an unlimited number of things, so it has to spend a lot of time and energy choosing what to notice and what not to notice.19 As a result, creativity is tra

36、ded away for efficiency; we think in finite, literal prose, not symbolic verse. (Para. 6)Meaning beyond words: Consequently, we sacrifice our creativity to improve efficiency. We think in a clear and definite way without much space for imagination, just as what we do in writing prose, which is compl

37、etely different from writing poems. In writing poems, we use fewer words to express our more imaginative thinking.20 A bit of distance, however, helps loosen the cognitive chains that imprison us, making it easier to mingle the new with the old; the mundane is grasped from a slightly more abstract p

38、erspective. (Para. 6)Meaning: A bit of distance, however, helps free us from our usual thinking patterns, making it easier to deal with old things from new perspectives. An ordinary thing could be understood with a more flexible attitude without being confined to a single rigid view.Meaning beyond w

39、ords: Traveling in a new place enables us to change our usual thinking patterns and to improve our cognitive abilities, so that we can see the old problems from multiple, new perspectives and approach these problems with flexibility.21 According to research, the experience of an exotic culture endow

40、s us with a valuable open- mindedness, making it easier to realize that even a trivial thing can have multiple meanings. (Para. 6)Meaning: According to research, experiencing a foreign culture can make us become much more open- minded. We learn to see that even a small thing can have a great many me

41、anings.7 Such multicultural contrasts mean that seasoned travelers are open to ambiguity, willing torealize that there are decidedly different (and equally valid) ways of interpreting the world. This, in turn, allows them to expand the circumference of their cognitive inputs as they refuse to settle

42、 for their first answers and initial guesses.7 这种多元文化对比说明，经验丰富的旅行者会接受对事物的多样性解读，他们欣然认识到对这个世界可以有截然不同（但却同样有效）的方式进行解释。 这也从而让他们扩大了“认知输入”的范围，因为他们拒绝仅仅满足于他们的最初答案和先前的猜测。22 Such multicultural contrasts mean that seasoned travelers are open to ambiguity, willing to realize that there are decidedly different (a

43、nd equally valid) ways of interpreting the world. (Para. 7)Meaning: The contrasts between different cultures mean that travelers with rich experience are open to different views about this world. They are more willing to realize that there are definitely different ways of looking at the world and th

44、at the many different ways are equally valid.Note: Here, the adjective seasoned means experienced in a particular activity or job. It is usually used before a noun. For example:Jackson is a seasoned teacher with more than 30 years of experience in the classroom. 杰克逊是位拥有30 多年课堂教学经验的资深教师。23 This, in t

45、urn, allows them to expand the circumference of their cognitive inputs as they refuse to settle for their first answers and initial guesses. (Para. 7)Meaning: This, in turn, increases their opportunities to see and hear more from the world, as they refuse to be satisfied with the ideas and thoughts

46、that strike them first.Meaning beyond words: Being open to ambiguity and exposed to many cultures expand their horizons and make them more knowledgeable and profound.8 Of course, this mental flexibility doesnt come from mere distance, a simple change in latitude and longitude. Instead, this renaissa

47、nce of creativity appears to be a side effect of difference: We need to change cultures, to experience the disorienting diversity of human traditions. The same facets of foreign travel that are so confusing (Do I tip the waiter? Where is this train taking me?) turn out to have a lasting impact, maki

48、ng us more creative because were less insular. Were reminded of all that we dont know, which is nearly everything; were surprised by the constant stream of surprises. Even in this globalized age, we can still be amazed at all the earthly things that werent included in the Lets Go guidebook and that

49、certainly dont exist back home.8 当然，这种思维的灵活性不仅仅来自纯粹的距离变化，即简单的经纬度的变化。 相反，这种创造力的复兴似乎是差异所带来的副产品: 我们需要处于不同的文化中，体验人类传统中纷繁复杂的多样性。 在国外旅行中让人迷惑的同一个方面的问题（如我该给服务生小费吗？火车要把我带到哪里？)，产生了一种持久的影响, 使我们更加具有创造性, 因为我们不再那么视野狭隘了。 我们了解了我们不知道的东西，而这些东西几乎涵盖了一切；我们对接连不断的惊喜感到惊奇。 即使在这个全球化的时代，我们仍然会对所有未包括在旅行指南中的、平常的东西感到惊奇，而这些东西在自己家中也不存在。24 Of course, this mental flexibility doesnt come