考研英语小作文写作方法总结-书信篇.docx

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1、 考研英语作文归纳方法适合英语基础偏差对作文只要求中庸偏上分数的同学考研英语作文一般都是很多同学最后需要复习的题型。在我们的复习中很多同学都会产生误区。具体误区如下：只背范文不去思考，不去总结。范文追求数量不追求质量。范文确实背了，但是没背熟，不能脱口而出。范文背熟了，没有默写训练,上考场写了好多错别字。范文背熟了，默写训练了，没有实战改写，上考场还是下不了笔。作文的复习是成体系的，循序渐进的。背范文+背模板背的熟会默写会改写实战练习。没有这一套的复习，缺少任何环节，作文都等于没有复习。所以很多同学会产生这样的误区。努力了，确实背了，背了不少，也背熟了，就是上考场写不出来。然后就开始怀疑自己的

2、英语写作能力。从而影响考研英语的整体成绩。所以笔者根据自身吃亏和成长的实践经验，整理一下自己的考研英语作文笔记。和大家共同分享，争取用最少的篇幅告诉大家，英语作文达到不拖后腿的程度到底是怎么回事。建议，背的模板首先不要贪多。其次要会快速的默写。再者掌握一定的语言表达模式后，以不变的表达能力应万变的题型。最后，背、默、改多多益善，坚持到上考场前一秒。由于记忆的连贯性，最好上考场直接对作文开刀。肯定比顺着题型做要记忆深刻的多。小作文（10分）：复习范围（英语一、英语二 考察内容相同）书信（重点）全面复习，熟悉格式，掌握必要表达通知（重点）全面复习，熟悉格式，掌握必要表达备忘录（基本没考过，了解格式

3、）便笺（基本没考过，了解格式）一、 书信1.格式XXX（称呼）： XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX（第一段） XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX.（第二段） XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX.（第三段） XXXX（谨启）XXXX（署名）2.分值规划（1）小作文满分10分（2）称呼：一般表达时比较固定。根据题目的具体要求。最常见的是Dear Sir/Dear Sir or Madam/Dear Sb等等。根据题目要求来。第一排顶格子写，注意字母大小写。写出来可得1.5分。（3）第一段：一般写两句话。第一句自我介绍。可以这么写I am 谁/职务/自我介绍等。第二句话写目的，都

4、是有模板可套用的，稍后分书信的种类进行总结。第一段写完1.5分到手。（4）第二段：一般写3-4句话。根据题干内容，尽情发挥。第二段内容一般来说是不可能背到的。需要结合题干进行改写，拓展。当然改写的意思就是改变角度或者思路去照抄题干，凑个1-2句。然后用最简单的话去描述一下即可，这一段的描述，语法，单词，短语，句子宁愿简单到小学生都能看懂，也不要出现错误。第二段一般分值3-4分。能拿个1-2分就可以了。（5）第三段：一般写2句即可，全是套话。模版稍后分书信种类进行总结。这一段内容写出来1.5分。（6）谨启+署名：送分项，一般都是Yours sincerely,+某某人名。注意字母大小写，写出来可

5、得1.5分。 如果考研小作文考的是书信，按照以上要求去写。我们简单的计算一下分值。称呼+第一段+第二段+第三段+谨启+署名=1.5+1.5+1+1.5+1.5=7分，属于中等偏上的作文水平了。所以书信的话我们的格式一定要正确，其次称呼，第一段，第三段，谨启+署名。这五块内容完全可以套用模版，绝对不能有问题。书信拿个5-7分还是很容易的。 记住，小作文不需要华丽的词藻。只要有个普普通通的表述，就能拿到中等偏上的分数。3.书信分类书信共有十多种类型。这里我会为大家分类出常考的题型并给出相应的模板。供大家参考，提供一种思路。这样大家在今后的复习中也可以自己适合自己背诵的模板。（1） 建议信建议信一般

6、就是对收信人就某个问题提出看法、建议或者忠告。模版思路如下：称呼Para1.自我介绍，建议目的。Para2.总结原因，建议1，建议2，建议3。Para3.希望关注我的信，希望建议内容有所改变，诚挚的感谢。 谨启 署名笔者参考模板：Dear Sir or Madam I am 谁/做什么的。I am writing the letter to provide you with some suggestions about 关于什么的问题/事情（来源于题干，可以改写照抄）。 Firstly,建议1.Secondly,建议2 .Furthermore,建议3.Lastly总结建议.Thanks a

7、lot for your due attention to this letter. I am looking forward to seeing some new change in 关于什么问题/事情（来源于题干，可以改写照抄） Yours sincerely, XXXXX以上就是建议信的模板。下面，笔者就帮助大家来做一做真题，感受一下如何去套模板。2009年真题（英语一）：Directions: Restrictions on the use of plastic bags have not been so successful in some regions. “White pollu

8、tion” is still going on. Write a letter to the editor(s) of your local newspaper to 1) give your opinions briefly and 2) make two or three suggestions. You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming” instead. You do not need to wr

9、ite the address. (10 points) 解析：首先读完题干就能判断出这是一封限制塑料袋使用的建议信，第一段，第三段套用建议信的模板，然后称呼题干已经给出是editors，要求你给出两到三个建议。署名用的是Li Ming。那么我们就可以开工了。笔者模板范文：Dear EditorsI am an Li Ming, an environmentalist. I am writing the letter to provide you with some suggestions about the restriction on the use of plastic bags hav

10、e not been so successful in some regions.Firstly，the government should strengthen administration of “white pollution”.Secondly，we should adhere to sustainable development.Furthermore, citizens should improve the consciousness of safeguarding the environment. Thanks a lot for your due attention to th

11、is letter. I am looking forward to seeing some new changes in “white pollution”. Yours sincerely, Li Ming小结：1）格式一定要准确，文字量控制在100字左右。复合题目要求。 2）模板的套用也辅助了写作思路。其中第一段，第三段套用模板后就是对题干进行了一个改写和照抄凑字数。3）第二段肯定是背不到的，所以发挥想象，用最简单的语句进行描述即可。就好比“You are my good friend, I am your good friend, and we are good friends.”这样

12、的语句只要切题，没有错误，同样可以拿到分数。(2)求职信顾名思义，求职信就是找工作的信件。求职信几乎就没怎么考过，因为求职信的模板太容易准备了，因为我们去找工作，无非就是谈到学历，能力和工作经历，以及拥有什么证书等。而考研出题者的目的就是让很多考生第二段是无法背到的。但是，我也要充分准备。称呼Para1.自我介绍，是来求职的。Para2.学历、能力、工作经历描述等等。Para3.希望关注我的信，诚挚的感谢，尽快收到回信。 谨启 署名笔者参考模板：Dear Sir：I am 谁/简单自我介绍，I am writing the letter to express my strong interes

13、t in the position of 职位 advertised in local newspaper/哪里知道这个职位题干肯定有改写照抄.我有学历，我有计算机能力，写作能力，沟通交流的能力等等。Thanks a lot for your due attention to the letter. I am looking forward to your prompt reply at your earliest. Yours sincerely, XXXX作业练习：Directions: You are a graduate student of XX University，and you

14、 are interested in the position of business manager that is advertised in the local newspaper. write a letter to the company stating the reasons for your application. You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming” instead. You do

15、 not need to write the address. (10 points)解析：首先读完题干就能判断出这是一封Li Ming来自于XX大学即将毕业的求职信，他是在本地的报纸上看到这个招聘信息的。第一段，第三段套用求职信模板，然后称呼题干未提到就使用Dear Sir or Madam，第二段用最简单的话写出自己计算机方面的能力，什么学历，获得过什么奖励，有哪些工作经验等等都可以。署名用的是Li Ming。求职信就丢给同学们自己去总结梳理。就按照模板去套一套。自己切实用改写的方式切实去感受一下。如果考到求职信，我相信是考场批阅肯定是模板泛滥。（3）辞职信辞职信就是目前的工作不想做了，可

16、能有各方面原因：薪资、职位、晋升、胜任程度等等。但是我们应试作文还是应当写出遗憾的感觉，并且要给雇主曾经给自己的这份工作表达出感激之情。称呼Para1.开门见山谈辞职，要是凑字数可以说明原因为何辞职。Para2.工作中薪资、晋升、职位等原因提出辞职。写出3-4句Para3.感谢曾经给我机会在这里工作，对此深表遗憾。 谨启 署名笔者参考模板：Dear Sir or Madam： I am writing the letter to inform you of my decision to resign from my current position. The main reason is th

17、at 简单的说下原因即可凑字数的时候用一用。 First and foremost问题1，In addition问题2，Last but not least问题3. Thanks for having given me a chance to work here. I am sorry for any inconvenience caused. Yours sincerely, XXXXXX2005年真题（英语一）Directions: Two months ago you got a job as an editor for the magazine Designs & Fashions.

18、But now you find that the work is not what you expected. You decide to quit. Write a letter to your boss, Mr. Wang, telling him your decision, stating your reason (s), and making an apology.Write your letter with no less than 100 words. Write it neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at

19、the end of the letter; use “Li Ming” instead.You do not need to write the address. (10 points)解析：根据题干可知，你在杂志社干了两个月的编辑工作，现在不想干了，这就是一份标准的辞职信。那么就可以套用辞职信的模板。阅读题干就知道，书信开头的称呼是Mr. Wang。署名是Li Ming。那么只要你模板背的够熟，我们就可以开工了。Dear Mr. Wang I am writing the letter to inform you of my decision to resign from my curre

20、nt position. Though having worked here for nearly two months, I find that this job is quite different from my expectation. First and foremost，my salary is far from satisfaction，which barely sustains me in this city. In addition, learning resources is limited, forcing me to give up this job. Last but

21、 not least, I havent had the opportunity to undertake important tasks. Thanks for having given me a chance to work here. I am sorry for any inconvenience caused. Yours sincerely, Li Ming 小结：1）关注书信格式。2）注意字数，不能太多，也不能过少，100字多点点刚刚好。为什么说100字多点点刚刚好呢？有时候也要注意题干要求“about 100 words”和“no less than 100 words”。“a

22、bout 100 words”对字数要求会低一点。3）关注题干中的信息点，学会抄题干改写凑字数。第二段表达可以用最简单的语句。4）在作文的阅卷工作中，众多考生提交给阅卷老师的作文。老师批阅过程中的感觉就是没有最烂，只有更烂。所以掌握一定语句表达后一定要大胆的去写。不要害怕动笔写作文，很多人帮你垫背尽情发挥。（4）投诉信投诉信一般都是笔者对某个事件的牢骚和抱怨。但是应试作文不能人身攻击，客观评价。给出客观改善意见即可。称呼Para1.自我介绍，投诉。Para2.投诉原因1，投诉原因2，投诉原因3。写出3-4句Para3.感谢关注我的投诉信，希望投诉内容尽早改变。 谨启 署名笔者参考模板：Dear

23、 Sir or Madam： I am 自我介绍一下。I am writing the letter to make a complaint to you about关于什么事情/来自于题干改写照抄。 1、2、3、点抱怨点3-4句话 Thanks a lot for your due attention to this letter. I am looking forward to seeing some new changes as soon as possible. /I am looking forward to your prompt reply at your earliest. Y

24、ours sincerely, XXXXXXX作业练习：Directions：You bought a digital camera in a store last week，and you have found that there is something wrong with it. Write a letter to store manager to explain the problem，expresses your complaints and suggests a solution.You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET2

25、.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “LI Ming” instead. Do not write your address.解析：由题干可知关键词是complaints可以知道这是一篇投诉信，可以套用投诉信的模板。称呼在题干中可以看出就是Manager，或者用Dear Sir or Madam也是可以的，这里的称呼指代并不是非常明朗。署名已经告知是Li Ming。再思考一下一般数码相机有那些问题，用最简单的句子表达出来凑成第二段即可。分析到此，我们就可以开工了。这里历年真题中。这一篇同学们可以自己练一练。下面我们来

26、看一看英语二2012年的真题，是一篇投诉信。看看如何套用模板。2012年真题（英语二）Directions:Suppose you have found something wrong with the electronic dictionary that you bought from an online store the other day ,Write an email to the customer service center to：make a complaint and demand a promptsolutionYou should write about 100words

27、 on ANSERE SHEET 2Use“Zhang Wei”instead.解析：email也是书信，可以当书信格式来写。提干的关键词是complaint投诉信，所以可以套用投诉信的模板。题干没有明确称呼就可以用Dear Sir or Madam，署名Zhang Wei，知道这些再思考一下电子词典的问题可能是电池待电不足、内容错误、按键不灵敏等等。作为第二段，怎么简单怎么写，不要出错。Dear Sir or Madam：I am a consumer of an electronic dictionary which I bought from an online store. I am

28、writing the letter to make a complaint to you about something wrong with the electronic dictionary.First and foremost, limited power capacity is very disappointing. The electronic dictionary must be recharged every now and then. In addition, the content of the electronic dictionary has a lot of mist

29、akes. Last but not least，its keys are not very sensitive.Thanks a lot for your due attention to this letter. I am looking forward to your prompt reply at your earliest. Yours sincerely, Zhang Wei小结：1）关注格式。2）关注字数。3）关注题干照抄的改写。（5）道歉信写作思路就是向某人表达歉意，提出一些挽回的办法。称呼Para1.自我介绍，向某人某事道歉。Para2.致歉补救1，致歉补救2，致歉补救3。写

30、出3-4句Para3.请接受我最真诚的致歉，希望原谅我。 谨启 署名笔者参考模板：Dear Sir：I am 自我介绍。I am writing the letter to offer my sincere apology about题干照抄改写。原因，补救措施Please accept my heartfelt apology again. I hope that you would forgive me for my careless. Yours sincerely, XXXXXX2008年真题（英语一）Directions: You have just come back from C

31、anada and found a music CD in your luggage that you forgot to return to Bob, your landlord there. Write him a letter to 1) make an apology, and 2) suggest a solution. You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming” instead. Do not

32、 write the address. (10 points) 解析：题干关键词apology得知是道歉信，称呼题干给出是Bob，署名是Li Ming。思考一下道歉原因，补救措施就可以开工了。Dear Bob：I have just arrived home. I am writing the letter to offer my sincere apology about your CD in my luggage that I forgot to return to you.I sincerely apologize for my careless mistake，as well as f

33、or any inconvenience thus caused to you. To make up my fault，can you tell me your address so that I can mail it to you as soon as possible？Please accept my heartfelt apology again. I hope that you would forgive me for my careless. Yours sincerely, Li Ming小结：1）书信格式结构、字数、和模板的套用2）第二段不是笔者写的，这样的表达方式还是需要积

34、累。可以冲刺更高的分数。但是如果基础实在很差，那还是老老实实多积累一些简单句和简单语法，就各种书信多列一些提纲，总结表述方法。3）模板是一定要会背、会默写、题干转换到写作要会改写。多练习，多思考找出技巧。（6）祝贺信祝贺信的模板套路是一样的，第一段为了凑字数首先可以做个自我介绍，然后对某人某事表示祝贺。第二段祝贺后就可以展开评论。最后一段再次表示祝贺且希望别人再接再厉。称呼Para1.自我介绍，向某人祝贺。Para2.向对方的努力表示认可，对方应该成功，是我的榜样等等（参考）。Para3.请再次接受我最真诚的祝贺，希望再接再厉。 谨启 署名笔者参考模板：Dear ， I am 自我介绍.I a

35、m writing the letter to convey my heartfelt congratulations on 某人某事，一般抄题干 . 根据题干意图自行改写。 Please accept my heartfelt congratulations. wish you still further success in your future life and study. Yours sincerely, XXX XXX2011年真题（英语二）Directions: Suppose your cousin LI MING has just been admitted to a un

36、iversity write him/her a letter to: (1)Congratulate him/her,and (2)give him/her suggestions on how to get prepared for university life you should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter,Use “zhangwei” instead.Do not write the address. (10 points)解析：

37、这是2011年英语二的真题，你的堂兄LI MING被一所大学录取。你要写信祝贺。很明显称呼是Li Ming，署名是Zhang Wei。再结合刚刚学习的模板，我们就可以开工了。Dear Li Ming, I am your cousin Zhang Wei. I am writing the letter to convey my heartfelt congratulations on your success which has been admitted to a university You have all along been working hard at your profess

38、ional studies, and you are excellent in most subjects. Your success shows that only hard work can yield good results，so I suggest that you should make a great progress in university life.Please accept my heartfelt congratulations. Wish you still further success in your future life and study. Yours s

39、incerely, Zhang Wei小结：1） 分析题干得知该文章要写成祝贺信2） 格式依旧，模板依旧。3） 中间一段可以自行总结一些篇幅以Para2.向对方的努力表示认可，对方应该成功，是我的榜样等等（参考）。为思路，上考场以备不时之需。（7）感谢信首先自我介绍，然后说明对某人某事的感谢，第二段表示感谢的原因，最后再次感谢并且表达回报愿望。称呼Para1.自我介绍，向某人某事表示感谢。Para2.感谢原因1，感谢原因2，感谢原因3等等（参考）。Para3.请再次接受我最真诚的感谢，希望能帮上忙。 谨启 署名Dear 称呼 ,I am 自我介绍. I am writing the lette

40、r to express my heartfelt gratitude to you for your 某事.根据题干意思，进行改写。Again，please accept my heartfelt appreciation，If I can be of any help，please let me know. Yours sincerely, XXX XXX2010年真题（英语一）Directions: You have just come back from the U.S. as a member of a Sino-American cultural exchange program.

41、 Write a letter to your American colleague to 1)Express your thanks for his/her warm reception; 2) Welcome him/her to visit China in due course.You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Zhang Wei” instead.Do not write your address. (1

42、0 points)解析：这是一篇感谢信和邀请信的复合信件。需要从感谢的角度来写。还是先找署名和称呼，由于题干未提及称呼，自己可以拟定一个称呼 my friend，然后定位是什么书信适合什么模板。接下来就可以开工了。Dear My friend， I am your best friend. I am Zhang Wei. I am writing the letter to express my heartfelt gratitude to you for your warm reception.Your generous help made it possible that I had a

43、very pleasant stay and a chance to know American cultures better. Besides, I think it is an honor for me to make friends with you and I will cherish the goodwill you showed me wherever I go. I do hope that you will visit China one day, so that I could be given the opportunity to repay your kindness and refresh our friendship. Again，please accept my heartfelt appreciation，If I can be of any help，please let me know. Welcome to you visit China in due course.Yours sincerely, Zhang Wei