高考考点非谓语动词解题步骤详解.docx

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1、 高考考点非谓语动词解题步骤一. 非谓语动词的句子结构分析技巧 1._many times , but he still couldnt understand it . 2. _many times , he still couldnt understand it . A.Having been told B. Told C. He was told D. Though he had been told 分析： 句1. 用连词but 引导并列句子，因此，前面与后句一样也是个 独立句子成分，故选C。 句2. 句中用逗号隔开,且无连词引导，因此，前面不是句子结构， 只是句子的一个成分，故选A，用非

2、谓语动词作状语。 句子结构练习 3. _to the left , youll find the post office . 4. If you _to the left , youll find the post office . 5. _to the left , and youll find the post office . A. Turning B. To turn C. Turn D. Turned 答案ACC 二. 非谓语动词的逻辑主语分析技巧 确定要选非谓语动词之后，第二步要分析其逻辑主语。非谓语动词虽不能作谓语，但仍具有动词特点，其逻辑上的动作执行者就叫做逻辑主语。非谓语动词

3、作状语时，其逻辑主语须和句子的真正主语一致。若不一致，则须加上自己的逻辑主语。 First _ to the market, these products enjoyed great success. A. introducing B. introduced C. introduce D. being introduced 分析: 非谓语动词的逻辑主语是: these products, 与句子的主语一致, 故选B 1._no buses , we had to walk home. 2. _Sunday, I shall have a quiet day at home . A. There

4、 being B. It were C. There were D. It being 分析：句1. 表示“没有公共汽车”，应用“there be”结构， 即逻辑主语是“there”，故选A 。 句2. 同理选D。 三. 非谓语动词的语态分析技巧 分析语态就是在确定逻辑主语之后，分析非谓语动词和逻辑主语在搭配使用时是主动还是被动关系。 1._from space , the earth looks blue . 2._from space , we can see the earth is blue A. Seen B. Seein C. To see D. See 这两个题选项中的非谓语动词

5、都没有加自己的逻辑主语, 因此其逻辑主语就是句子的主语。 分析：句1. “地球”被“看起来”，表被动，故选A，用过去分词表被动。 句2.我们主动看.即表主动，故选B。 3. The dirty clothes _ , the girl hung them up outside . 4. _ the dirty clothes ,the girl hung them up outside A. was washed B. washed C. were washed D. having washed 分析：句3. 前面应用非谓语动词作句子的状语，逻辑主语 是“the dirty clothes”，

6、和动词搭配表示“衣 被洗“，故选B。 句4. 逻辑主语为句子的主语”the girl“，表示”女 洗衣服，为主动关系，故选D。 四.非谓语动词的时态分析技巧 The building _now will be a restaurant . 2. The building _next year will be a restaurant . 3. The building _last year is a restaurant. A. having been built B. to be built C. being built D. built 分析: 句1中 now 说明大楼正在被修，故用进行式

7、，选C。 句2中next year 说明大楼将在明年被修，故用表将来 的不定式，选B。 句3中 last year 说明大楼已被修，但不能选，因为现在分词的完成式不能作定语，故用过去分词, 选D 英语非谓语动词解题必知技巧一、用作目的状语，原则上要用不定式1. When asked why he went there， he said he was sent there _ for a space flight. A.training B. being trained C. to have trained D. to be trained 2. _ this cake， youll need

8、2 eggs，175 g sugar and 175 g flour. A. Having made B. Make C. To make D. Making 二、用于名词后作定语时，使用非谓语动词的原则是：用不定式，表示动作尚未发生;用现在分词，表示动作正在进行;用过去分词，表示动作已经发生，同时表示被动意义.1. The Chinese are proud of the 29th Olympic Games _ in Beijing in 2008. A. hold B. holding C. held D. to be held2. There are hundreds of visit

9、ors _ in front of the Art Gallery to have a look at Van Goghs paintings. A. waited B. to wait C. waiting D. wait3. “Things _ never come again!” I couldnt help talking to myself. A.lost B. losing C. to lost D. have lost4. The last one _ pays the meal.Agreed! A. arrived B. arrives C. to arrive D. arri

10、ving三、用作伴随状语，原则上要用现在分词1. As the light turned green， I stood for a moment， not _， and asked myself what I was going to do. A. moved B. moving C. to move D. being moved2. Peter received a letter just now _ his grandma would come to see him soon. A. said B. says C. saying D. to say3. Whenever he was as

11、ked why he was late for class， he would answer carelessly， always _ the same thing. A.saying B. said C. to say D. having said4. We often provide our children with toys， footballs or basketballs，_ that all children like these things. A. thinking B. think C. to think D. thought 四、作结果状语，用现在分词或不定式，其区别是，

12、一般要用现在分词表自然而然的结果，不定式表意外的结果.1.The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance，_ in the natural light during the day. A. to let B. letting C. let D. having let2. Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year，_ a record US$ 57. 65 a barrel on April 4. A. have r

13、eached B. reaching C. to reach D. to be reaching3.He hurried to the booking office only _ that all the tickets had been sold out. A. to tell B. to be told C. telling D. told4. He hurried to the station only_ that the train had left. A.to find B. finding C. found D. to have found五、凡是含有被动意义时，原则上要用过去分词

14、。但是，如果所涉及的动作尚未发生，则用不定式的被动式；如果所涉及的动作正在进行，则用现在分词的被动式1.The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle _. A. to be heard B. to have heard C. hearing D. being heard 2. The repairs cost a lot， but its money well _. A.to spend B. spent C. being spent D. spending 3. Five people won the

15、 “Chinas Green Figure” award， a title _ to ordinary people for their contributions to environmental protection. A.being given B. is given C. given D. was given六、谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语原则上应与主句主语保持一致, 否则要使用独立主格结构或状语从句1. Faced with a bill for $10,000，_. A. John has taken an extra jobB. the boss has given John a

16、n extra jobC. an extra job has been takenD. an extra job has been given to John2. While watching television，_. A. the door bell rang B. the doorbell ringsC. we heard the doorbell ring D. we heard the doorbell rings3. _on the road, the car was stopped. A. having seen an elephant B. Seeing an elephant

17、 C. The driver seeing an elephant D. After seeing an elephant七、强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前时，原则上要用完成式 1._ from other continents for millions of years， Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world. A. Being separated B. Having separatedC. Having been separated D. To be separat

18、ed2. The manager，_ it clear to us that he didnt agree with us， left the meeting room. A. who has made B. having made C. made D. making八、对于固定搭配及插入语，原则上按搭配习惯处理1._ with so much trouble， we failed to complete the task on time. ）A. Faced B. Face C. Facing D. To face2._ in a white uniform， he looks more l

19、ike a cook than a doctor. A. Dressed B. To dress C. Dressing D. Having dressed3._, almost everyone likes being praised. A. Generally speak B. Generally speaking C. Generally spoken D. Speak generally 2013高考非谓语动词真题解析1. 2013年高考英语【安徽卷】32. _ in the early 20th century, the school keeps on inspiring child

20、rens love of art.A. To foundB. FoundingC. FoundedD. Having founded【解析】32. C。本题考查非谓语动词。句中的主语是the school, 分词做状语的时候，其逻辑主语跟句中主语必须一致，也就是说，“成立”的逻辑主语就是学校，他们之间是被动关系，所以应该用过去分词，排除表示主动的选项B和D，正确答案是C；至于选项A，to +did/done是不存在的，排除。【句意】这个学校成立于二十世纪初，一直都鼓励孩子热爱艺术。2. 2013年高考英语【北京卷】21. Volunteering gives you a chance _ li

21、ves, including your own.A. changeB. changingC. changedD. to change【解析】21. D。本题考查非谓语动词。从句意看，空处是定语，修饰名词chance。如果change是动词，则不能做定语；如果它是名词，则后面不能接宾语lives，故排除选项A；机会和改变之间不存在被动关系，排除选项C；改变生活的机会，逻辑上存在一种将来的含义，而不是进行，排除选项B。【句意】志愿活动给你改变生活的机会，包括你自己的。3. 2013年高考英语【安徽卷】 24. _ the course very difficult, she decided to

22、move to a lower level.A. FindB. FindingC. To findD. Found【解析】24. B。本题考查非谓语动词。本句中，逗号之前是原因状语，由于句首和逗号之间都没有连词，可以推断前面不是句子，而只是某种结构，如果选find，则是祈使句，排除选项A；不定式做原因状语的时候，仅限于be + adj + to do的形式，排除选项C；分词做状语的时候，其逻辑主语跟句中主语要保持一致，即“发现”的逻辑主语是“she”，他们之间是主动关系，而过去分词表被动，排除选项D。【句意】发现这个课程很难，他决定换个较低等级的。4. 2013年高考英语【安徽卷】29. Wh

23、en we saw the road _ with snow, we decided to spend the holiday at home. A. blockB. to blockC. blockingD. blocked【解析】29. D。本题考查非谓语动词。when引导的时间状语从句中，the road是宾语，其后的空处是做宾语的补足语，路跟堵之间是被动关系，故要用过去分词，【句意】当我们看到路被雪封堵了，就决定在家里度假。【小窍门】一般说来，及物动词作非谓语时，若后面紧跟名词或名词性的短语，多用现在分词；若后面没有宾语，直接加介词，则多用过去分词。试比较：面对困难，我们决不放弃。Fa

24、cing difficulties, we will never give up.Faced with difficulties, we will never give up.5. 2013年高考英语【福建卷】22. _ basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies.A. KnownB. Having known C. KnowingD. Being known【解析】22. C。本题考查非谓语动词。will help是句子的谓语部分，_ basic first-aid techniques是句子

25、的主语部分，起逻辑主语是you，与Known构成主动关系，所以用动词-ing做主语。D是被动关系。【句意】掌握基本的急救技能将会有助于你在遇到紧急情况时迅速做出反应。6. 2013年高考英语【福建卷】32.Anyone, once _ positive for H7N9 flu virus, will receive free medical treatment from our government.A. to be tested B. being tested C. testedD. to test【解析】32. C。本题考查非谓语动词。解题关键：判断非谓语动词的时态和语态。once _

26、positive for H7N9 flu virus,在句中做定语，逻辑主语是Anyone，与test构成被动关系，排除D；A表示即将进行检测，与句意不符；B表示正在进行，也与句意不符；本句属于“先确诊，后治疗”，过去分词表示被动的、完成的动作。所以选C。【句意】无论谁，一旦被检测为H7N9病毒感染者，将会得到政府提供的免费治疗。7. 2013年高考英语【湖南卷】25The sun began to rise in the sky，_ the mountain in golden light.Abathed BbathingCto have bathed Dhaving bathed【解析】

27、25. B。考查非谓语动词。现在分词作伴随状语。解题思路：空格后有宾语，排除bathed；“太阳升起”在前，“那座山沐浴在金色的阳光中”在后，排除C、D。【句意】太阳在天空升起，那座山沐浴在金色的阳光中。来源:学科网8. 2013年高考英语【湖南卷】29You cannot accept an opinion _to you unless it is based on facts.Aoffering Bto offerChaving offered Doffered【解析】29. D。考查非谓语动词。过去分词作定语修饰opinion。解题思路：分析句子结构得知_ to you 作定语修饰opi

28、nion，offer和opinion是动宾关系，所以用过去分词作定语，表被动。【句意】如果给你的观点不与事实为依据，您就不能去接受。9. 2013年高考英语【湖南卷】31_ warm at night, I would fill the woodstove, then set my alarm clock for midnights so I could refill it.AStarying BStayed BTo stay DStay【解析】31. C。考查非谓语动词。不定式做目的状语，给柴炉添柴火的目的是保持暖和，故选择C。【小窍门】1.挑出句子的主干很关键，尤其当句子很长的时候。首先要

29、挑出句子的动词，然后看到底哪个是谓语，这样主干就明了。2. 第二步中，我们首先要排除选动词原形的选项。然后看不定式是否恰当，只要是表示目的，选它无疑。否则，就要看分词和主干的主语或宾语是主动还是被动关系。尤其要注意，作状语时，考虑分词能否用完成时。而作定语，切不可用分词的完成时。如：The international agreement, intended to encourage children not to smoke and help people to kick the habit, was signed on 27 February.The manager, having made

30、 it clear to us that he didnt agree with us, left the meeting room.【句意】为保持温暖，我总是先给柴炉添上柴火，接着设好闹钟，以便半夜能够再添加柴火。10. 2013年高考英语【江苏卷】24. Lionel Messi, _ the record for the most goals in a calendar year, is considered the most talented football player in Europe.A. setB. settingC. to setD. having set来源:学科网ZX

31、XK【解析】24. D。考查非谓语动词用法。解题关键：判断非谓语动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构得知，Lionel Messi is considered the most talented football player in Europe为主句， _ the record for the most goals in a calendar year在句中作状语，set与逻辑主语Lionel Messi构成主动关系，故先排除A；再根据句意，“创立记录在先，被认为是最有才华球员在后”，故用having set。所以选D。【句意】梅西，在一个日历年度创下了最多的进球记录，被认为是欧洲最优秀的足球运动

32、员。11. 2013年高考英语【江西卷】34.If _ to look after luggage for someone else, inform the police at once.A. askedB. to askC. askingD. having asked【解析】34.A.考查省略句。在if引导的从句中，如果从句的主要动词是be，常将主语和be省略。解题关键：观察题目与选项。本题主句是祈使句，祈使句通常是动词原形开头，省略主语you，再观察选项，ask与you是动宾关系，因此从句的完整表达方式是if you are asked。因此，锁定答案A.【句意】如果有人让你替别人照看行李

33、，请马上通知警察。【拓展】与if用法一样的还有when、though、as if等连词。12. 2013年高考英语【辽宁卷】28. Laura was away in Paris for over a week. When she got home, there was a pile of mail _ for her.A. waitedB. to waitC. waitingD. was waiting【解析】28. C。本题考查非谓语动词的用法。在there be句型中，wait只可以做非谓语，故先排除D。wait做后置定语，修饰a pile of mail，构成主动关系，再排除A。动词不

34、定式to wait表示将要，现在分词waiting表示正在进行，根据句意，“有一堆邮件正在等着她”。故选C。【句意】劳拉离开去巴黎一个多星期。当她到家的时候，有一大堆的邮件在等着她呢！13. 2013年高考英语【山东卷】25. The room is empty except for a bookshelf _ in one corner. A. standing B. to stand C. stands D. stood【解析】25. A。本题考查的是非谓语动词。_ in one corner在句中做后置定语，修饰bookshelf，语态根据其逻辑主语a bookshelf和stand之间

35、的逻辑关系来断定，二者之间为主谓关系，即主动关系，应用现在分词；而to stand表将来或表目的，与句意矛盾；C项stands为谓语，此句中已经有谓语is empty，所以可排除；而D项stood为过去分词，表示被动或完成；用在此句中显然也不符合要求。【句意】房间里除了站在角落里的一个书架之外空空如也。14. 2013年高考英语【山东卷】29. I stopped the car _ a short break as I was feeling tired. A. take B. taking C. to take D. taken【解析】29. C。本题考查非谓语动词。A项动词原形做谓语，不

36、符合语法；B项现在分词taking则和the car构成了主谓关系，成了汽车休息；C项为动词不定式做目的状语。不定式做目的状语时，句子的主语就是不定式动作的发出者。我停下车来我去休息一会儿。D项taken和the car构不成被动关系。不能说车被休息，所以可排除。【句意】因为感觉累了我停下车来休息一会儿。15. 2013年高考英语【山东卷】33. _ at the cafeteria before, Tina didnt want to eat there again. A. Having eaten B. to eat C. Eat D. Eating【解析】33. A。本题考查分词短语做状

37、语。因为本句中以前在这家餐厅吃过饭的动作发生的时间显然要早于主句的动作即不愿再去那里就餐这一动作发生的时间，所以应用V-ing的完成式即having done。所以答案为A。B项to eat表示目的；C项eat动词原形不能做非谓语；D项eating表示主动，不符合句意。【句意】事先在餐厅吃过了，所以Tina不想再去那里就餐了。16. 2013年高考英语【陕西卷】13. Let those in need _ that we will go all out to help them. A. to understand B. understand C. understanding D. under

38、stood【解析】13. B。本题考查非谓语动词中的不定式做宾语补足语。从句意上看，空处表达的是“让某人做某事”，而let 之后的宾语接不定式作宾语的时候，要省去不定式符号to，即要用let sb do 的形式，故答案是B。【拓展】英语中，需要接不带to的不定式做宾补的动词常见的有：一感feel；二听listen to，hear；三让let，make，have；五看look at ，see ，watch ，notice， observe；半帮助help。来源:学#科#网Z#X#X#K【句意】让那些有困难的人明白，我们会全力以赴去帮助他们。17. 2013年高考英语【陕西卷】14. The wi

39、tnesses _ by the police just now gave very different descriptions of the fight. A. questioned B. being questioned C. to be questioned D. having questioned【解析】14. A。本题考查非谓语动词做定语。解题关键是判断出动词的时态和语态。从语态上看，证人是被询问，排除选项D；从时态上看，just now以及gave是关键词，说明动作是过去发生的，排除选项B，C。【句意】警察刚才询问的证人对于打架给出了很不同的描述。18. 2013年高考英语【上海

40、卷】31. The judge gave no hint of what they thought, so I left the room really _.A. to be worriedB. to worryC. having worriedD. worried【解析】31. 答案：D解析：题干的意思是：“法官们没有暗示他们的想法，所以，我满怀担心的离开了房间”。本句中，需要一个形容词说明主语的状态，语法上叫做“主语补足语”。只有选项D. worried是形容词，可以修饰主语。其他三个选项都是非谓语动词的不同形式，都不对。19. 2013年高考英语【上海卷】32. The students

41、 are looking forward to having an opportunity _ society of real-life experience.A. exploreB. to exploreC. exploringD. explored【解析】32. 答案：B解析：题干的意思是：“学生们在盼望着有一个去探索社会，获得现实生活经验的机会”。本题中，动词不定式作opportunity的后置定语。可以直接记住搭配：have an opportunity to do sth.（有做的机会）。20. 2013年高考英语【上海卷】34. Young people may risk _ de

42、af if they are exposed to very loud music every day.A. to goB. to have goneC. goingD. having gone【解析】34. 答案：C解析：题干的意思是：“年轻人如果每天都接触非常嘈杂的音乐，就可能有失聪的危险”。因为risk后用动名词做宾语，先排除A，B。D选项having gone完成式表示动作发生在谓语动词之前，显然不对，只是有可能失聪，并未发生。21. 2013年高考英语【上海卷】35. Sophia got an e-mail _ her credit card account number.来源:Z

43、xxk.Com来源:学+科+网A. asking forB. ask forC. asked forD. having asked for【解析】35. 答案：A解析：题干的意思是：“索菲亚收到了一封向她索要信用卡账号的电子邮件”。分析句子结构，_ her credit card account number做后置定语，修饰an e-mail。ask for和an e-mail构成主动关系，所以用现在分词形式，相当于定语从句which asked for her credit card account number。22. 2013年高考英语【四川卷】8. _ which university

44、 to attend, the girl asked her teacher for advice.A. Not knowing B. Knowing not C. Not known D. Known not【解析】8. A。本题考查非谓语动词。此句的前半部分是分词做原因状语，动词know和女孩之间是主动关系，故要用现在分词，不能用过去分词，排除选项C，D；非谓语动词的否定形式是在它的前面加否定词not，排除选项B，正确答案是A。【句意】女孩不知道该上哪个大学，所以向老师征求建议。23. 2013年高考英语【四川卷】10. The airport _ next year will help promote tourism in this area.A. being completed B. to be comple