高考英语-语法填空专项复习资料.docx

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1、新题型：语法填空辅导l 解 题 策 略一通读全文，理解大意.二根据句子结构，确定词性;三根据句意，确定词形;l 考 查 范 围1 语境(上下文）；2 语法：有提示词谓语动词，非谓语动词，名词，形容词，副词，形容词或副词的比较级或最高级无提示词介词，连词，代词，冠词l 语法填空（无提示词） 冠词：a, an, the介词：in, on, at, with, as, before, after, by, from, through, to, for等代词：one, another, other, both, none,I, we, you等人称连词：(1) and, or, but, so(两个完

2、整的句子之间)(2) that, which, who, whom, whose, when, where, why (引导定语从句)(3) that, whether, if, whose, which, who, what, when, where, how, why (引导名词性从句)(4) when, before, after, until, while, because, so, if, unless, although, as (引导状语从句) （一）无提示词解题技巧:技巧1 缺主语或宾语，一定是填代词或名词(多考代词)1.She did not hesitate for lon

3、g : although her father smoked a pipe only once in a while, she knew that this was a present which was bound to please _38_. 2.He asked his teacher, “Sir, the water was awful. Why did you pretend to like _38_”3.I can send a message to Kenya whenever I want to, and _38 gets there almost in a second.

4、技巧2. 如果句子基本结构完整，名词前面无限定词（冠词、不定代词和形容词性物主代词），则设在该名词前的空格很大可能填限定词。4.It is said that a short-tempered man in the Song Dynasty (9601279) was very anxious to help _33 rice crop grow up quickly.5.Besides, shopping at this time of the year was not _33_ pleasant experience: 6.the head of the village was tying

5、 up his horse to my car to pull it to_35_small town some 20 kilometres away where there was a garage. 7.After the student left, the teacher let _36_ student taste the water. 技巧3. 如果句子基本结构完整，名词或代词在句中既不作主语、表语，也不作动词的宾语时，其前面的空格通常是填介词。8.When Jane got home, with her small but well-chosen present in her ba

6、g, her parents were already _39_ table having supper. 9.The young man went home _35_ a happy heart. 技巧4. 如果两个句子（即两个主谓结构）之间没有分号或句号，也没有关联词连接或引导，则填并列连词或从属连词.例如that, which, who, whom, whose, when, where, why (引导定语从句) that, whether, if, whose, which, who, what, when, where, how, why (引导名词性从句) when, befor

7、e, after, until, while, because, so, if, unless, although, as (引导状语从句)。and ,or but (连接并列句）10.He was very tired from/after doing this for a whole day, _37_ he felt very happy since the crop did “grow” higher. 11.Jane paused in front of a counter_35_ some attractive ties were on display.12.I wanted to

8、 see as much of the city as possible in the two days 32 I was to return to Guangzhou. 技巧5: 和it有关的一些特殊句型也是判断纯填空题的一个重要技巧。A.根据it作形式主语或形式宾语的句型来判断空格处是否应填it.13.She remembered how difficult _31_ was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father. B.根据强调句结构“It is/was+被强调部分+ that/who+句子剩下部分”判断空格处填it还是

9、that.14. and _40_ was only after I heard she became sick that I learned she couldnt eat MSG. 强调句判断方法: 去掉it is/wasthat看句子结构是否仍然强调完整的方法来判断句子是否为强调句。Exercise1.One day while working at the cash register in the gift shop, I saw _ elderly couple come in with a little girl in a wheelchair.2.There is a bottl

10、e full of water on the desk. _ water is very dirty. 3.No one helped me. I did it all _ myself.4.Bob and Mary are going to see a movie _ Christmas Day.5.It was a pity that the great writer died _ his work unfinished. 6.If you give your children the impression that they can never do anything quite rig

11、ht, then they will regard _ as unfit or unable persons.7.He is also an author, and _ new book will come out next month. 8.He knew what he wanted. _, he didnt know how to get it.9.This is the park _ they visited last year.10.I still remember many of the games we played _ I was about ten. 11.I would h

12、ear them talk about _happened during their day. （二）、给出提示词的解题技巧1动词：1).给出的提示词为动词时，考生应首先分析句子结构，判断该动词在句中是谓语动词还是非谓语动词，或者是否需要转换词性等，然后再具体解题。15. people stepped on your feet or _34_ (push) you with their elbows, hurrying ahead to get to a bargain. 2). 如果一个句子没有谓语动词，或者提示词与已有谓语动词之间是并列关系时，所给提示词就是谓语动词，此时要根据语境考察时态

13、和语态。16.Her mother was excited. “You father has at last decided to stop smoking,” Jane _40_ (inform). 17.After a long journey, the young man _33_ (present) the water to the old man.3). 如果句子已有谓语动词，给出的动词提示词也不作并列谓语时，则考查非谓语动词，这时要根据句子所缺成分和非谓语动词各自用法特点，选择动词 ing 、动词 ed 和不定式，具体确定方法如下：提示词在句中作目的状语、only后的结果状语、情感

14、形容词或动词后的原因状语时，通常用不定式。18.For example, the proverb, “ plucking up a crop _32_(help) it grow”, is based on the following story.4). 提示词给的是动词有时也会考查词类转换，考生须仔细分析句子结构，正确填词。19.But Jane knew from her past experience that her _36_ (choose) of ties hardly ever pleased her father. 2形容词和副词1).提示词为形容词或副词，重点考察它们的比较等

15、级、形容词副词之间的词性转换，具体解题技巧如下：1).考察形容词和副词的比较等级。一般来说，如果有表示范围的in/of介词短语，用最高级；than的前面要用比较级，但考生要特别注意的是，在特定语境中, “than+ 比较对象”和表示比较范围 的of/in短语常常被省略。20.He was very tired after/from doing this for a whole day, but he felt very happy since the crop did “grow” _38_(high). 21.The water was simply the container for an

16、 act of kindness and love. Nothing could be _39_(sweet)” 2).形容词和副词之间的词类转换。修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，作状语，用副词形式；作表语、定语或补语，通常用形容词形式。22.We drank together and talked _38_ (merry) till far into the night. 23.His teacher took a deep drink, smiled _34_ (warm), and thanked his student very much for the sweet water. 总

17、 结1 首先熟悉语境。2 对于连词、介词、关系代词、关系副词等，不仅要理解它们的意思，还要熟记它们，在考试时能准确、快速地提取它们。3 对于动词，要掌握常用的时态、语态和非谓语动词的用法。4 对于句子，要能够分析其结构，懂得在什么时候该用什么词性。5 对于单词，不仅要背诵其意义和拼写，还好掌握基本的词形变换。练习：一、动词(谓语/非谓语)1.Ms Chen(teach) me English since Junior 1, and to show my appreciation I decided to get her a present. 2.I was certain she would

18、like it because I(tell) by my classmates that she loved hot food. 3.The exam, which was originally to be held in our classroom,_(change) to the library at the last minute. 4.I had to leave work to take him to the hospital because he _(break) his finger.5.The child, Nicole Hobson,(take) by her mother

19、 to Childrens Memorial Hospital about 11 p.m., Wednesday to check6.A transit spokesman said the driver should(make) radio call to the control center for help.7.An official from the Ministry of Education said that China follows an educational policy that(encourage) students to study abroad. 8.One of

20、them was a visitor, saying he wouldnt have been there if he _ (watch)the weather forecast the day before.9.We must also consider the reaction of the person(receive) the gift. 10With the problem(solve), I felt proud of my achievement.11I then noticed that I had just 10 minutes left_(complete) the res

21、t.12. There,(place) neatly beside the empty dish ,were two nickels and five penniesher tip!13.( compare) with the previous year, the number of students who went abroad for study was increased by 15 ,000, or a rise of 13%.二、代词 挖掉代词，句子的结构受到破坏，句子间出现不连贯。1.I patiently walked to the library, took my seat

22、and did some deep breathing to help relax. 2. The little boy pulledright hand out of the pocket and studied a number of coins in it. 3.the driver didto help and even stopped once to pick up more passengers. 4If you give your childrenthat they can never do anything quite right, then they will regarda

23、s unfit or unable persons. 5. Some 134,000 Chinese students went to study abroad, and 120,000 ofwere self-funded students,6Firstly, we must understand the language when we hearspoken.三、定语从句的引导词 必须根据定语从句的信息和先行词进行推断，从而补出引导词，这本身就是考查逻辑思维能力。1.The exam,was originally to be held in our classroom, was chang

24、ed to the library at the last minute.2Then I went to the department storeI worked part-time and boughther an expensive gift box of Sichuan beef. 3. It was a poem about me, _ included the time4. At the same time, there had been a growing number of overseas students_came back to China after study.5. M

25、ore and more Chinese students go abroad for study,is supported by the Chinese government.四、连词(从属连词/并列连词)A)引导各种从句的连词叫从属连词。如名词性从句的引导词what, who, which, when, where, whatever, whoever, whichever, whether；副词从句引导词where, wherever, when, if , how, unless, until1.Many things must be considered such asthe per

26、son is interested in and how old he is. 2.My face turned red on hearing _my mother said.3.she would point outthey had mastered and declared firmly they could learn what they had missed. 4.The American Academy of Pediatrics (儿科) sayschildren really need for health development is more good, old-fashio

27、ned playtime.5. I almost started to yell his name _ I suddenly remembered he was in bed asleep.6.children believe they can succeed, they will never become totally independent.7.Statistics show thatChina carried out the opening - up policy, a total of one million students have gone abroad for study.

28、8.we are satisfied with only a few rules we have memorized, we are not really learning the language.9. Some people, however, maintain that this is precisely _ the danger lies.B)并列句的各种关联词叫并列连词。如and, but, or, though, although, so挖掉关联词，要想补上连词，思路必须与作者思路相吻合。1.I had no idea how to do it. I tried to stay p

29、ositive and perseveredI finally found the solution.2.I asked my classmates about her interestI made my final decision.3.Tom, an 8yearold boy, entered a hotel coffee shopsat at a table.4.It is difficult for parents of nearly every family to teach their children to be responsible for housework,with on

30、e of the following suggestions, you really can get your children to help at home.五、挖掉表示起承转合的副词或副词性短语 此功能于关联词相似。只是这种副词（短语）在用法上更加灵活多变。典型的有though, however, also, therefore, still, besides, in addition, instead, or ,otherwise，first, second, then, finally, in a word等等。1.This, didnt bother me because math

31、s had always been my strongest subject.2. Dont always scold and give lots of praise.六、特殊句型（或固定短语）考查对固定结构（短语）的熟悉掌握程度。属于字词层面考查语法。1.It was not longthe waitress came back and then she began to wipe down the table.2.was only after I heard she became sick that I learned she couldnt eat MSG!3. So careless

32、was I _ I had forgotten all about that.4.as a matter of _, you have done well and made great achievement5When Carettson, 29, a passenger, was trying to bringNicoles life6. The child was stricken about a mile awaythe hospital.七、冠词1But my mood quickly changed when I saw_ first question.2Then I went to

33、 the department storeand bought herexpensive gift box of Sichuan beef.3. Tom,8yearold boy, entered a hotel coffee shop.4He talked about how I wrestled with him in the evenings and _ good many other things.5. I told the bus driver that my baby had just had heart operation and that she was having hear

34、t failure.6.Television is not only a convenient source of entertainment, but also _comparatively cheap one.八、词形变化或者词性变化给出单词的原形，通过句子分析，缺少什么成分，再用正确的单词形式补充完整。这属于比较基础的单词拼写方面的能力要求。1.Mr Chen has taught me English since Junior 1, and to show my(appreciate) I decided to get her a present.2.(fortunate), I th

35、en noticed that I had just 10 minutes to complete the rest.3. Some people were now waiting for her service and the waitress grew a bit(patience).4.“Thirty-five cents,”she said(rude).5. I dont know if he placed the poem next to the failing grade to _ (soft) the blow, but it work.6. I must know how to

36、 care for others and try not to(understand) them.7. you have done well and made great achievement in the _(entertain) field. 8. These people have made great(contribute) to China with their work.9.to check her(recent) inserted (插入) pacemaker.10The tornadoes damaged several_(new) built buildings,11Num

37、erous studies have shown that free play is very(benefit). It can help children become creative12they can see plays, films, operas, and shows of every kind, not to mention the latest _(excite) football match.九、介词或数词1.I was always told that the three Ps,were a sure path_success. 2Dont be always partic

38、ular _your present work and income.3. It began to make sense to me that I could include praise along _ constructive criticism.4. He showed the public a limited edition four-wheel drive car, which is especially made_his personal taste.5. Five were in critical condition_ head trauma(外伤,损伤), said Liz C

39、rouch, the centers chief operating officer.6There is no easy way to successlanguage learning.7. It was his _ (nine ) year of school.十、形容词/副词1. One of the(bad) gift choices I ever made was for my high school English teacher, Ms Chen.2. I put the paper aside and turned to the _ one, at the top of whic

40、h3. Many other actors are _ (badly)off than me at present,4. In 2006, over 40,000 overseas students came back, with 33,000 of them being self-fund students, 20%than the year before.语法填空专练一In the small towns of the United States in the1(nineteen) century, the general store was2everyone bought the thi

41、ngs he couldnt make3grow at home. What the stores sold4(tell) a great deal about5life at that time. People bought tools that they needed for farm work; salt, sugar and6foods that the farm didnt produce; articles of clothing that they couldnt make7; shirts for the men; or clothes for the children. Li

42、fe was simple then. One feels that people were8(thank) for what they had and that they looked9with courage to whatever the future brought. It would be interesting to know how they would feel about the life today. Would it seem to them that life is too complex? Would they enjoy10(live) a life as we d

43、o now?语法填空专练二Do you feel1difficult to be happy all the time? Now Ill give you some tips2how to make yourself happy. One way is being3(self) because unselfishness is the key factor4(require) if you want to get along well with others. By5(say) being unselfish we mean we6not want everything our own way

44、 or demand the best share of everything. Another way is to look for good points in7people. Youll find most people pleasant to go with and it will surely make you happy. Third, you can not expect to be too perfect,8dont be too unhappy when you make a mistake. Everything will be OK if you try to make

45、things right. Finally, it is important to remember that while you are not9(bad) that others, chances you have may not be much better. In this case,10surest way to be happy is to think yourself above other people.语法填空专练三We may be very1(please) with the rapid progress we have made in every field of study, but we have almost done nothing to improve our present2(exa