2018年12月大学英语四六级翻译预测讲义.doc

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1、2018 年 6 月四六级翻译预测要求：1、 将下面的29 个翻译预测话题自己先练习翻译一遍，然后对答案弄清楚每一句子的结构。2、 将这 29 个预测话题，以及补充的相关话题词和单词背的滚瓜烂熟，最好能默写下来。3、 记住老司机的嘱托，做到上述两条，本次考试翻译高分无忧。一、 社会和经济类话题1、 共享经济中国的“共享经济”在 2016 年得到了长足发展，交易量增长了 103%。据预测，共享经济在到2020 年时占GDP 份额将达到 10%。共享经济使得社会闲置资源能够被高效利用，也使得人们可以更加方便地获取各类服务。在交通出行、住宿，教育服务、生活服务及旅游领域，优秀的共享经济公司正在不断涌

2、现。共享经济将成为社会服务行业内的一股重要力量。参考译文:Chinas sharing economy took off in 2016 with a 103-percent increase in transaction volume. It is predicted that Chinas sharing economy will account for more than 10 percent of the countrys GDP by 2020. In addition to the efficient usage of social idle resources it brings

3、, sharing economy also makes all kinds of services more accessible. There are excellent sharing economy companies constantly emerging among fields of transportation, accommodation, education services, life service and tourism. Now, sharing economy becomes more of force in social services.2、一带一路2013

4、年，习近平主席访问哈萨克斯坦（Kazakhstan）和印度尼西亚（Indonesia）时，分别提出了建设丝绸之路经济带和 21 世纪海上丝绸之路的合作倡议。“一带一路（” the Belt and Road）提倡以互联互通为着力点，促进生产要素自由便利流通，打造多元合作平台，实现共赢和共享发展。“一带一路”建设秉持的是共商，共建，共享原则。它不是封闭的，而是开放包容的。3 年多来，已经有 100 多个国家和国际组织积极响应支持。“一带一路”的“朋友圈”正在扩大。参考译文:While visiting Kazakhstan and Indonesia in 2013, President Xi

5、proposed jointly building the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road respectively.The Belt and Roadin the hope that with a focus on connectivity, the free and convenient flow of all elements of production will be encouraged, multidimensional cooperation platforms developed,

6、and mutual gains and shared development achieved. The Belt and Road Initiative is based on principle of extensive consultation, joint contribution and shared benefits. It is not exclusive, but open and inclusive. For more than three years, over 100 countries and international organizations have resp

7、onded positively and offered support for the initiative. The “friend circle” of the initiative has kept widening.3、大学生创业 1 随着大学生就业市场竞争越来越激烈，一些学生怀揣雄心抱负，开始尝试创业。2 历年来， 有很多大学生创业成功的案例，这样的行为也应得到学校和全社会的鼓励。3 然而，不是所有的大学生毕业生都适合创业。4 创业，需要有一个合理的商业理念；可行的商业计划；带领一个团队，来让成员为同一个目标而努力的领袖气质以及成熟的管理技能。 参考译文:With the comp

8、etition in the job market becoming increasingly fierce for college graduates, some ambitious students have tried their hands at launching their own business. Over the years, there have been many successful cases of student entrepreneurship and such attempts should be encouraged by both the universit

9、ies and the society at large. However, not all college graduates are suitable for undertaking entrepreneurial projects. To launch a business, one needs to have a sound business idea, a viable business plan, the charisma to lead a team where members make concerted efforts for a common objective, as w

10、ell as mature managerial skills.4、电子商务1 如今，电子商务是一个趋势，随着信息技术开始扮演重要角色，越来越多的企业选择了这种商务模式。2 电子商务在降低成本上有很多优点，其中一点是网络上广告的投放更便宜、更容易、信息能够得到快速交流，员工能够有效地着手处理他们的工作。3 虽然在面对电子商务时，留住顾客对实体店来说是一个挑战，但是业内专家表示，为了维持消费，线上和线下商户的互动和融合是至关重要的。参考译文：As the information technology begins to play a vital role, more and more compa

11、nies chose this kind of commercial model which has become a trend nowadays. The e-commerce has a lot of advantages on reducing the cost, and one is that the advertisement is cheaper and easier on the internet, what is more, the information can be exchanged quickly, and staff can deal with their work

12、s in an efficient way. Although it is a challenge for physical shops to retain customers in the face of e-commerce, industry experts said interaction and integration between online and offline vendors are vital to sustain consumption.5、消费升级/奢侈品消费（ 海淘、代购等）中国正在取代传统的欧美国家成为奢侈品消费(luxury goods consumption

13、)的主力军，各类国际奢侈品牌也越发重视中国市场的地位。中国人在境外的奢侈品消费已连年位居世界第一。国外的奢侈品商店成为中国出境游旅客的必经之地，似乎不带几件奢侈品就不算真正出过国。长期以来，国际奢侈品品牌在国内的价格远高于国外，这就使得有奢侈品消费需求的中国人 转向国外市场购买。各种税务，以及流通费用和经销费用的叠加是导致最终售价居高不下的 主要原因。参考译文：China is gradually replacing the traditional European and American countries to become the main force of luxury goods

14、consumption. The international luxury brands have also paid more attention to Chinese market. Chinese people have spent the most on luxury goods overseas for severalsuccessive years. Various luxury stores in the United States and Europe have become must-visit places for Chinese tourists travelling o

15、verseas, and it seems that one has not truly been abroad until he or she buys several luxury goods. The international luxury brands have long set much higher prices for their products in China than in many other countries, forcing Chinese luxury consumers to turn their eyes to foreign markets. The a

16、ccumulation of taxes, distribution costs and marketing costs are the main reasons pushing up the final sales prices.6、空巢老人1 当子女外出求学或打工，父母就只能留守“空巢”，这就是所谓的空巢家庭。2 在一些大中城市，空巢家庭的比例在 20%到 30%之间，而一些小城镇的比例则高达 40%。3 家庭结构的变迁以及敬老院的数量相对不足都是空巢老人人数增加的原因。4 空巢老人常要面临一系列挑战，包括调节与子女的关系，充实空闲生活，加强与外界交流，甚至还要面对他人的不理解。参考译文：

17、As young people leave home for college or to start their careers, their parents are left to live on their own. These are sometimes called empty-nest families. In big and middle-sized cities, empty-nest families account for 20 to 30 percent, and in small towns, the percentage is as high as 40 percent

18、. The change in family structure, improvement in living conditions and a lack of nursing homes all contribute to the rise in number of empty nesters. Empty nest parents often face new challenges, such as establishing a new kind of relationship with their children, finding other ways to occupy their

19、free time, reconnecting with each other, and a lack of sympathy from other people.7、手机依赖/网络依赖1 手机是我们生活不可或缺的一部分。2 这个小玩意儿的便利使得它成为世界上增长最快的技术产品，它从一个 80 年代的奢侈品，成为 21 世纪的必备品。3 但是我们变得依赖手机，甚至觉得，没有手机我们就活不下去。4 我们完全沉迷在短信、电话、与那些离我们很远的人的交流中，却忽视了就在我们眼前的人。5 许多青少年和年轻人疏远了那些爱他们的人，因为他们忙于创建和维护网络上的友谊。参考译文：Cell phones ar

20、e an integral part of our life today. The convenience of this little gadget is what makes it the worlds fastest growing technological device, going from a luxury in the 1980s to a must-have in the 21st century. But we have become dependent on them to the point that we feel that we cannot live withou

21、t them. We get so addicted to texting, calling and communicating with those who are far away that we neglect the ones who are right in front of us. Many teens and young adults grow distant from those who love them because they are consumed with creating and maintaining cyber friendships.8、志愿者现今中国有数百

22、万青年志愿者，他们在应对挑战和推动变革中有着不可低估的潜力。成为志愿者不仅使他们有机会获得宝贵的生活和就业技能，而且还能提升他们在各自社区乃至全球范围的带头作用和参与能力。当每个人的努力汇集在一起，就能成为实现和平与发展的一股重要力量。志愿者服务其实是双向互利的。当志愿者的帮助使他人产生积极变化时，他们自己的生活也常因为志愿服务本身而发生转变。参考译文：There are millions of young volunteers in China today, with incredible potential to tackle challenges and act as pioneers

23、of change. The opportunity of volunteers not only provides them with valuable life and job skills but also strengthens their capacity to lead and become engaged in their communities and even global society. The combined efforts of individuals can be a significant force for achieving peace and develo

24、pment. Volunteerism is in fact a two-way benefit. As volunteers help generate positive change for others, their own lives are often transformed bythe act of volunteering itself.社会经济类话题补充主题词：1、 医药卫生行业：medical and health care industry2、 交通运输行业：transportation industry3、 信息产业：information industry4、 服务业：

25、service industry 或 services5、 制造业：manufacturing industry6、 宏观经济调控：macro-economy regulation7、 可持续发展：sustainable development8、 经济下行：economic downturn/recession9、 过度消费：excessive consumption;10、风险投资：venture capital11、高科技企业：high-tech enterprises12、商业模式：business model13、内容付费：pay for content14、移动支付/无现金社会：m

26、obile payment/cashless society15、假货：fake products正品：genuine goods16、物流：logistics17、购买力：purchasing power18、就业率：employment rate19、失业率：unemployment rate20、高薪职业：highly paid profession21、住房问题：housing problem22、城市交通：urban traffic23、交通拥堵：traffic jam24、新能源汽车：new energy vehicles25、生活水平：living standards26、生活质

27、量：quality of life27、寿命：life span28、人均收入：average income per capita29、消费价格指数：consumer price index30、国内生产总值：gross domestic product=DGP31、衣食住行：food, clothing, sheltering and transportation32、贫困家庭：needy family /poor family33、家庭支出：household spending34、小康社会：relative affluence society35、人口分布：population dist

28、ribution36、流动人口：transient population37、城市人口：urban population38、农村人口：rural population39、城市化：urbanization40、 负增长率：negative growth rate41、 人口普查：census42、 计划生育：planned parenthood43、 二胎政策：two-child policy43、 留守儿童：left-behind children二、 教育类话题1、 在线教育中国的在线教育已经引起了社会各界的广泛关注。教育部称，在线教育不仅扩大了教学的时间和空间，激发了学习者的兴趣，还帮

29、助了更多的人从高质量的教育资源中获益，加速教学领域的改革。考虑到在线教育不受地域限制，高程度标准化和内容再利用的规模经济，这也是企业家和风险投资聚集度最高的领域之一。和传统教育相比，在线教育有很多优势。例如， 在线教育的收费更加低廉，学生可以重复观看学习老师的教学视频，而且学生还可以自己选择合适的时间来上课学习。参考译文：Chinas online education has drawn all sectors of the communitys wide attention. The Ministry of Education said online education had not on

30、ly enlarged the time and space of teaching, aroused learners interest, but helped more people benefit from high-quality educational resources and accelerated reform in many aspects of teaching. It is also one of the most popular fields where entrepreneurs and venture capitalists flock together on ac

31、count of the absence of geographic restrictions, a high degree of standardization, and economies of scale from reuse of content. Online education has many advantages compared with traditional education, including cheaper fees, repeated opportunities to review the teachers instruction and the ability

32、 to attend classes when its convenient.2、 素质教育从某种意义上讲，一个国家未来的繁荣，取决于对其国民教育的质量。因此，提高学生的整体素质日益受到人们的重视。素质教育（the quality-oriented education ）旨在促进学生德、智、体、美全面发展。在教育飞速发展的今天,新时期条件下素质教育的重要内容包括 提高当代学生的人文素质，加强对学生的情商教育，弘扬民族人文精神，研究人文教育的可行性途径。参考译文：A countrys future prosperity depends, to a degree, upon the quality

33、 of education of its people. Therefore, increasingly importance has been attached to quality-oriented education. The quality-oriented education aims to ensure students overall development in moral, intellectual, physical and aesthetic aspects. In todays rapid developing situation, the important cont

34、ent of quality education under the new era includes to cultivate students Chinese-humanism spirit, to strengthen students EQ education, to bring up the humanism attainments of students and to study the feasibility of the approach of humanistic education.3、留学热/低龄留学1近年来，中国学生出国留学已经成为一种趋势。2现代社会，由于全球化、经济

35、和高科技的发展，出国似乎比以往任何时候都要容易。3出国留学的现象对于学生和目标国家来说都是有益的。4一方面，学生在一个完全不同的环境被迫去适应不同的文化，寻找更好的学习方法,由此学习独立自主的能力。5另一方面，目标国家也因其留学项目而获得经济利益。6然而， 对于是否真有必要让这么多学生都出国留学，学生和家长都该对此持理性的态度。参考译文：In recent years, Chinese students studying in a foreign country has become a tendency in the world. In modern society, being abroa

36、d seems much easier than ever before with the help of globalization, economy and advanced technology. This phenomenon could benefits both studentsand target countries. On one hand, the students who are exposed to a totally different environment are imposed to immerse themselves in that different cul

37、ture, and explore better study method , thus learn to be independent. On the other hand, due to its study-abroad programs, the target country can acquire economic interests. But is it really necessary for so many students to go abroad to study？ Both students and parents should have a rational attitu

38、de towards thisphenomenon of craze for studying abroad.4、考公热1国家考试自古以来就存在，它可以追溯到唐朝时期，那时国家考试被称为科举考试。2虽然时代已经改变，但人们成为官员的愿望却越来越强烈。3通常意义上，国家公务员享有着较高的社会地位、权利与声望，意味着稳定的收入，令人羡慕的医疗、养老金计划及其他方面的舒适生活。4特别是在这个经济发展不景气的时代，公务员对于很多人来说是一个很有吸引力的职业。5这股热潮在未来几年里还会持续下去。参考译文:Country examination was always there, and it could

39、 be dated from the Tang dynasty when it was called Imperial examination. Although the times have changed, the wish to be an official is becoming stronger. Generally, civil servant can enjoy a higher social status, greater power and prestige and means a stable income, enviable healthcare and pension

40、programme, as well as other comforts of life. Its quite an appealing career option to many people, especially in this age of sluggish economy. This craze in civil servant test will continue in the following years.5、英语学习中国对英语的重视已经成为一个特殊的社会现象。中国是当今世界出国留学人数最多的国家， 仅 2012 年就达到四百万。此外，还是少数几个母语为非英语，却把英语列为中高

41、等教育必修课的国家之一。为学好英语，学生和家长不惜花费大量时间和金钱，但对应试的过分强调 却使得学生难以和外国人进行顺畅交流。最近的英语考试改革引发了教育者和家长的热议。有人认为此举是对英语教育方式的改变，并不会降低英语教育的重要性。也有观点提出学校应当加强对中文学习的重视，因为这不仅凸显了本国文化的重要性，更是民族自豪感的体现。参考译文：Chinas obsession with English is quite a unique phenomenon. Today, China is the largest exporter of students with the total numbe

42、r of four million in 2012 .Besides, it is one of the few non-English-speaking countries that make English a compulsory subject throughout secondary and higher education. Parents and students have poured vast amounts of time and money into studying English. Yet, with a strong emphasis placed on exam

43、passing, students fail to communicate smoothly with native English speakers. The recent English test reform has aroused a heated discussion among educators and parents. Some argue that it would change the way that English is taught without diminishing its importance. Another point of view is that he

44、avier focus should beplaced on the study of Chinese in schools as it carries with it not only cultural significance but also a sense of national pride.教育类补充主题词：1、 文化程度：educational level2、 人文学科：liberal arts3、 理工科：science and engineering4、 综合性大学：comprehensive university5、 文盲：illiterate6、 精英阶层：elite cl

45、ass7、 高考：college entrance examination8、 考研：entrance examination for postgraduate schools9、 高等教育：higher education10、义务教育：nine-year compulsory education11、必修课：compulsory courses12、选修课：optional courses13、学历：record for formal schooling14、学霸：super scholar/ curve wrecker15、校园生活：campus life16、学前教育：preschoo

46、l education；kindergarten ：幼儿园17、应试教育：exam-oriented education18、教育部：Ministry of Education19、国家教委：State Education Commission20、教育改革：education reform21、留学低龄化：study abroad at a younger age22、望子成龙：hope ones child will have a bright future23、填鸭式教学：cramming method of teaching24、高分低能：high scores and low abi

47、lities25、基础教育：primary education26、高等教育：higher education27、职业教育：vocational education28、证书：certificate；文聘：diploma；学位：degree29、全部课程：curriculum三、 传统文化类话题1、 刺绣1 刺绣是中国艺术中一颗璀璨的明珠，其历史可以追溯到新石器时代（Neolithic age）。2 在古代，刺绣是那些被禁足妇女们的一项优雅的工作。3 因为丝绸质地好，大部分精美的丝绣品都是用其制作而成。4 从皇帝的龙袍（Dragon Robes）到今天的时尚潮流，刺绣为我们的文化和生活增添了许多乐趣。5 在中国西南部，现代丝绣依然非常流行。6 一些少数民族也有自己的刺绣风格，通常以描绘神话或宗教内容为主题。参考译文：Embroidery, a brilliant pearl in Chinese art, can be dated back to Neolithic age. In ancient times, embroidery was an elegant task for ladies who were forbidden to go out of their homes. Because of the good quality of sil