English articles囧研究：饭菜越昂贵感觉越好吃？.docx

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1、囧研究：饭菜越昂贵，感觉越好吃？It is said that theres no such thing as a free lunch, but even if you manage to bag a bargain meal, it will not taste as good as a more expensive option, according to scientists.俗话说天底下没有免费的午餐，但科学家表示，即使你享用了便宜饭菜，它的味道尝起来也没有昂贵饭菜好哦。A new study has found that restaurant goers who pay more

2、for their meals think the food is tastier than if it is offered for a smaller price.一项新的研究发现，用餐者认为花费更多的食物比便宜食物的味道好。The experts think that people tend to associate cost with quality and this changes their perception of how food tastes.专家们认为这是因为人们将花费与食品质量联系起来，从而改变了他们对食物口味的认知。Scientists at Cornell Univ

3、ersity in New York studied the eating habits of 139 people enjoying an Italian buffet in an upstate restaurant.纽约康奈尔大学的科学家研究了在州北部餐馆享受意式自助餐的139位顾客的食用习惯。The price of the food was set by the researchers at either $4 (2.40) or $8 (4.70) for the all-you-can-eat meal.研究者们对管饱自助餐定价为4美元或8美元。Customers were as

4、ked to rate how good the food tasted, the quality of the restaurant and to leave their names.用餐者们被要求评价食物口味和餐厅档次，然后留下个人姓名。The experiment revealed that the people who paid $8 (4.70) for the food enjoyed their meal 11 per cent more than those who ate the cheaper buffet.实验显示，支付8美元的人们对食物的好评度比支付较少价格的人们高11

5、%。Interestingly those that paid for the $4 (2.40) buffet said they felt guiltier about loading up their plates and felt that they over ate.有趣的是，那些支付4美元的人们说对于在盘子装满食物感到罪恶，他们觉得自己吃太多了。However, the scientists said that both groups ate around the same quantity of food in total, according to the study pres

6、ented at the Experimental Biology 2014 meeting this week.然而，根据这周发表在2014年实验生物学会议上的研究结果，科学家们表示两组人群食用的食物总量大致是一样的。Brian Wansink, a professor of consumer behaviour at the university, said: We were fascinated to find that pricing has little impact on how much one eats, but a huge impact on how you interpr

7、et the experience.该大学的消费行为研究教授Brian Wansink说：“我们很不可思议地发现价格对于人们进食的分量没什么影响，但对于人们如何评价食物却有很大影响。”He thinks that people enjoyed their food more as they associated cost with quality and that small alterations to a restaurant can change how tasty people find their meals.他认为当人们把食物价格与品质等同时会更享受自己的食物。餐馆对价格的微调会改

8、变人们对饭菜的看法。In a previous study, researchers from the university showed that people who eat in dim lighting consume 175 less calories than people who eat in brightly lit areas.在先前的一项研究中，该大学研究者发现人们在昏暗灯光下比明亮环境下摄入的食物热量少175卡路里。perception日中|中日n. 知觉；感觉；看法；洞察力interpret日中|中日v. 解释；说明；口译；翻译；理解fascinated日中|中日adj

9、. 着迷的v. fascinate的过去式和过去分词lteration日中|中日n. 改变，变化，变更，修改拒绝拖延：7个习惯成为准时达人 | Arriving late to interviews, meetings, and appointments is not only rude, but can also negatively impact your career and relationships. If you are constantly rushing out the door but still cant seem to make a rendezvous on time,

10、 maybe its time for a lifestyle change. Read on to find out the seven habits of extremely punctual people, but dont put them off until tomorrow!面试迟到，开会迟到，约会迟到迟到不仅十分无礼，而且会对自己的事业和人际关系产生负面影响。如果你总是急急忙忙出门，但是还是无法准时赴约，也许，是时候改变一下自己的生活方式了。下面为大家解读准时达人的七个好习惯不要等到明天再读啊！1. Theyre realistic.1. 做事切合实际。People who ar

11、e chronically late underestimate how long it will take them to take a shower, get dressed, and reach a destination. Punctual people are realistic about their time and will often add a few extra minutes to give themselves some wiggle room. If you want to start planning realistically, write down how l

12、ong you think it takes you to do your morning routine. Then for a week, track how long it actually takes you to get ready, and use that new estimate when planning out your mornings.一个人长期迟到是因为低估了做事需要花费的时间，例如，洗澡，穿衣，到达某个地方等。准时的人会对自己的时间作出合理的安排，他们经常会预留出几分钟的空余时间。如果你想对自己的计划进行合理的安排，记下自己预估的早上完成所有事情要花费的时间。在接下

13、来的一个星期里，记下自己实际花费的时间。利用这些数据重新评估一下早上行程所花费时间。2. They prepare for unexpected delays.2. 为无法预计的延误做好准备。Punctual people prepare for any unforeseen delays due to traffic, getting lost, forgetting something at home, etc. If theyre going somewhere that is 10 minutes away, they leave 20 to 25 minutes ahead to a

14、ccount for any unexpected scenarios. By giving themselves buffer time, they often arrive early but never late.准时的人会为未知的延误做好准备，例如，由于交通状况造成的延误，由于迷路造成的拖延，还有可能因为东西丢在了家里等等。如果到达某个地方需要10分钟，他们都会提前20-25分钟出门，为了防止出现未知的状况。通过预留时间，他们通常都会早到，但绝不会迟到。3. Theyre fine with downtime.3. 等待时间，同样自在。Because punctual people g

15、ive themselves buffer time, they often arrive early and they are more than comfortable enjoying a few minutes waiting. Whether they are checking emails, reviewing notes, reading a book, or clearing their heads, punctual people not only enjoy their downtime, but also come prepared with something to d

16、o. People who are chronically late, however, do not enjoy their downtime and prefer the thrill of rushing to and from a place. If you want to be more comfortable waiting for someone, then bring a book or an iPad to help pass the time.因为准时的人总会预留出时间，所以他们通常都会提前到达，而且也很享受这几分钟等待的时间。不论是检查一下自己的邮件，回顾一下自己的笔记，

17、读一本书还是理一理自己的思路，准时的人都会享受自己这段等待的时间，而且还会准备好做些其他的事情。总是迟到的人，正好相反，从来不会享受自己等待的时间。他们更喜欢忙忙碌碌从一个地方冲向另一个地方。如果你想享受等待某人的时光，带一本书，或带上自己的iPad来打发时间。4. They plan everything down to the T.4. 计划好每件事情。Extremely punctual people not only show up to places on time, but also lead highly structured and organized lifestyles.

18、They plan out their mornings, days, and nights with a set of activities and routines and stick to them every day. They keepcalendars up to date with new meetings and appointments and try not to overschedule. Being organized with your belongings can also save you time keep your keys, wallet, and phon

19、e in a designated area so that you dont have to search for them in the mornings. To become more punctual, try adding more structure to your daily routine!准时达人不仅会准时出现在该去的地方，而且也会极好的安排自己的生活，使生活充满规律和条理。他们会为早上，白天和晚上安排一系列的活动，每天坚持。这些人会随时更新自己日程表上的会议和约会记录，而且避免出现超负荷安排。有条理的摆放自己的东西也可以节省很多时间，例如，钥匙、钱包和手机都放在指定的地方，

20、这样的话就不需要大早上找这些东西。想要更加准时就要把自己的日常生活安排的更加有条理。5. They get things done ahead of time.5. 提前把事情完成。Punctual people get everything done ahead of time, because procrastinating means stressing out and scrambling at the last minute. They pick out what to wear and pack their bags the night before. If theyre pack

21、ing lunch for work, they do that the night before as well. By getting things done early, they have less to worry about in the morning and can focus on being punctual.准时的人都会提前把事情完成，因为拖延就意味着承受很大的压力，在最后一刻还慌张忙乱。准时的人会在前一天晚上把第二天要穿的衣服选好，并整理好自己的包。如果工作要带午餐，他们也会在头一天晚上做好。提前把事情做好，第二天早上担心的事情就会变少，就会准时上班。6. They g

22、o to bed early.6. 睡觉很早。Why do most people stay up late? Probably because they waited until the last minute to finish an assignment or project. Naturally, punctual people dont stay up as late, because they avoid procrastinating. By getting to bed early, they sleep better and wake up feeling rested.为什

23、么大多数人都要熬夜呢？很可能是因为他们要在最后一刻才把工作或任务做好。自然而然，准时的人就不会熬夜，因为他们避免拖延。因为准时睡觉，他们的睡眠质量就会很好，醒来之后也会感觉精力充沛。7. Theyre morning people.7. 起床很早。On a similar note, punctual people dont press the snooze button they get up when theyre supposed to. Because they sleep better after getting to bed earlier, they dont have trou

24、ble waking up. They go to bed and get up at reliable hours to start their days off right.同样的，准时的人不会按下闹钟的“贪睡”按钮他们会准时起床。因为早睡，所以睡眠质量更好，也就没有不想起床的问题。他们睡觉和起床都很守时，也就开启了新的美好一天。沪B2-20110096 CopyRight 沪江网 2014 做决定时很冲动？用外语思考让你更理智 | Got a difficult decision to make? Why not mull it over auf deutsch?面临艰难的抉择？为什么不

25、试试用德语来思考？A new study suggested that people are prone to make more sound, less risky decisions if they are thinking in a language other than their native tongue.一项新的研究结果显示，当人们用母语之外的语言思考的时候，往往更能做出理智而非轻率的决定。The series of experiments, conducted by Boaz Keysar of the University of Chicago, led the scient

26、ists to believe that using a foreign language reduces decision-making bias, Dr Keysars team wrote.美国芝加哥大学的宝姿凯莎教授带领其学生进行了相关研究，他们的研究成果向科学界证实如凯莎教授的研究团队在发表的文章中所述“使用外语能够减少决策过程中的母语偏见。”Their findings, published in an April 18 Psychological Science study, say that human reasoning is shaped by both systemati

27、c, rational ideas, and another thats emotionally-charged and rapid.他们的研究报告刊登在4月18日的心理科学研究中，报告指出，人的逻辑思维分成两个部分，其一是系统的、理性的思维，另一种是情感充裕、迅速的思维。The team gathered 54 UC students who knew Spanish as a second language to place bets on a coin toss.研究团队对芝加哥大学内54名以西班牙语为第二语言的学生进行了调查，参加实验的学生被要求参加猜硬币正反面的游戏。Each stu

28、dent was given $15 in dollar bills, and could bet $1 at a time on either heads or tails. If they bet and won, they could win $1.50, and lost nothing if they did not bet.每名参与调查的学生都有15美元可下注，每次用1美元猜抛出的硬币是正面还是反面。如果他们猜对了，就可以赢得1.5美元。如果他们不下注，就不会损失任何钱。When they were given the experiment in English, the stud

29、ents acted narrow-mindedly, and took the bet only about half of the time.当这些学生们在实验过程中说英语的时候，他们思路狭窄，在游戏中有一半的时间内并没有下注。But when the same students heard instructions in Spanish, they bet 74 per cent of the time.但是当研究者们用西班牙语讲述游戏规则的时候，这些参与调查的学生在游戏74%的时间里都愿意下注。The conclusion, then, these scientists believe

30、, is that thinking in a foreign language distances people from snap emotional decisions, allowing decisions to be more logical.研究者们相信，这项实验证明，使用外语思考能够避免人们在做决定时感情用事，过于轻率，从而使人们做出更符合逻辑的决定。The hope, they wrote, is that people can think in foreign languages to make more prudent financial and economic deci

31、sions.研究人们表示，他们希望人们在进行金融和经济方面的决策时，通过运用外语思考来做出更理智的决定。点击查看双语阅读：囧研究专题，阅读更多相关文章！沪B2-20110096 CopyRight 沪江网 2014 致拖延症患者：有10件事情拖延不得！ | When things get busy, we all have tasks we put off. Sometimes items end up delayed out of necessity. If you are putting off the right things, it can be a good move to redu

32、ce your workload. But if you procrastinate on the wrong tasks, you might be setting yourself up for trouble later. So, what tasks should you avoid putting on your back burner?如果有很多事情要忙，我们都会推后一些任务。有时候，有些事情就这么过期了，这本没有必要。如果你把正确的事情推后了，你的工作量就被巧妙地减少了。但是，如果你拖延了一些错误的事情，你可能之后就会遇到麻烦了。那么，哪些事情是你不应该拖延的呢？We all p

33、ut tasks aside at some point. Sometimes it is for good reason when prioritizing your workload. For example, if the item is not a priority, then it should wait. Other times, we put things on the back burner merely because we are trying to avoid them.我们都会在某些时候先搁置一些事情。有时候，这是出于给你的工作任务安排先后次序的原因。比如说，如果一件事

34、不是需要优先考虑的事，就不着急做它。其他时候，我们拖延一些事情仅仅是因为不想做这些事情。Maybe it is something you dont want to do. Or something you think you are not ready for yet. In these situations, putting things on the back burner that shouldnt be there can lead to trouble down the road. Important tasks can be forgotten, chances missed,

35、and bigger issues created.或许这是你不想做的某件事，或者你认为自己还没准备好做这件事。在这些情况下，拖延了不该拖延的事情可能会引起麻烦。你可能会忘记重要的事情，失去一些机会，甚至引起了更加麻烦的事情。Putting off the wrong tasks can cause you to miss opportunities, incur penalties, or create more work for yourself. In other words, putting them off will cause even more difficulties than

36、 if you had dealt with them in the first place.“拖延了不该拖延的事情会让你错失良机、自食其果或者是给自己带来更多的事情。”换句话说，如果你早点做这些事情，它们就不会给你造成这么多的麻烦了。Ask yourself, What do I have on the back burner? Putting things on the back burner is not always a bad thing. If the item is of lesser priority or is a task that you really shouldnt

37、be doing, then it can be appropriate to put it off.问问你自己：“我手上有哪些处于次要地位的事情?” 拖后做一些事情有时候也是一件好事。如果一件事没那么重要或者你现在真的不适合做某一件事，把这件事情拖后是很合理的。However, when it is an important task, the back burner is a bad place for it. After all, being on the back burner leads to the task being out-of-sight, and out-of-mind.

38、 We tend to forget, ignore, or plain disregard the things we put off. For those reasons, there are some tasks that you should avoid relegating to the back burner.然而，如果那是一件重要的事情，你就不该拖延了。毕竟，如果你把一件事情推后了，你就会暂时把它抛之脑后。我们很容易忘记、忽视或者干脆不管这件事了。出于以上原因，你应该避免把拖延某些不该拖延的事情。Here are 10 Tasks You Should Never Put on

39、the Back Burner:下面是10件你不应该拖延的事情：1. Tasks that Cant be Forgotten应该牢记的事情Task that are out-of-sight dont get done. If it is important, dont put it on the back burner where it might be forgotten.事情要是被忽视了我们就完不成了。如果一件事很重要，那就不要拖后这件事，因为我们有可能忘掉这件事。2. Quick To-dos 可以马上完成的事情Never put off what you can do immedi

40、ately. Dont put off tasks that you can complete in just a few moments. If it can be done in the same amount of time as it takes to put it off, then get it done now!不要推后任何你现在就可以完成的事情，不要拖延一些你能在很短时间内完成的事情。如果拖后做这件事情和现在做所花的时间是一样，那就现在马上做这件事。3. Safety Issues 关于安全的事情Never put off safety issues. The item tha

41、t you delay could end up hurting you or someone else. Always fix safety issues right away.绝不拖延任何有关安全的事情。如果你拖后了这件事，结果可能是你或者其他人因此而受伤了。永远以最快速度处理好安全问题。4. Tasks That Must be Done Today 今天必须完成的事情If it needs to be done today, then get it done early. The back burner should be reserved for things that dont h

42、ave to be addressed today and can sit idle for an unspecified time.如果你必须在今天完成一件事，那就尽早完成这件事。你可以拖延的事情是不需要在今天马上解决的事情，而且这件事情可以等到任意的时间来完成。5. Opportunities That Will Pass转瞬即逝的机会Have you ever put off a task that caused you to miss an opportunity? Never put off tasks that are time-sensitive or may expire. M

43、any opportunities that come along have a limited shelf life. If you dont act on them, they might be gone when you return to them.你是否曾经拖延了某件事情，而让你错失了一个机会？不要拖后有时效性或者会过期的事情。很多机会都是有一定保质期的，如果你不马上行动，当你再次回看的时候这些机会可能已经不在了。6. Promises to Others对于他人的承诺Promises to others should never go on the back burner. If

44、you cant give it your priority at this time, then you shouldnt be promising it in the first place.不要拖延向他人承诺过的事情。如果你现在不给这件事情优先权，你当初就不该许下承诺。7. Tasks That Will Create More Work现在如果不做会带来更多工作量的事情Some tasks are messier to clean up later. Tasks undone can create more work for you when you attempt to resume

45、 them at a later date. Dont let these to-dos rot on the back burner.有些事情放到后面做会更加混乱。如果现在不完成一些事情，后面等你想继续做完这些事情的时候，会有更多的事情等着你。不要让这些待完成的事情繁衍滋长。8. Tasks That Will Never Get Done永远不会做的事情If there is a task that you never intend to do, then dont even bother putting it on your back burner. Instead, say No or

46、 delete it from your list. Otherwise, youll be carrying the burden of tasks that you never intend to do anyway.如果你从来都没打算做一件事情，你就没必要把它放到次要地位。相反的，你应该直接拒绝，把这件事情从你的清单上删除掉。否则，你将会背负着一些你根本没打算做的事情。9. Tasks with a Looming Deadline 最后期限迫在眉睫的事情Tasks with approaching deadlines should be front-and-center, not on

47、 the back burner. Otherwise, deadlines will be missed and deliverables will not be accomplished on time.马上就要到最后期限的事情应该是焦点，而不是放在次要地位。否则，你将错过最后期限，而且不能按时完成任务。10. Tasks with Financial Consequences有可能让你掏钱的事情Have you ever incurred a monetary penalty (late fee, etc.) because you put something off? Dont let

48、 tasks with financial implications sit idle. They will end up costing you.你有没有因为推后了某件事而被罚款（比如超时费等）了呢？不要搁置可能会让你掏钱的事情。这些事情会让你变穷的。Take a moment to ensure you havent forgotten anything that is simmering away. Something that is creating a bigger mess that you will have to clean-up later.花点时间来确保自己没有忘记那些正在被遗忘的事情。如果你之后才处理这些事情，它们已经给你造成了更多的麻烦。Always keep your most important tasks front-and-center where you can see an