Literature Review On the Translation of English英语论文.doc

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1、Literature Review On the Translation of EnglishColour WordsLanguage is a kind of tool for people to communicate with each other and is also a very importantpart of the culture. Different languages are restricted by various national culture reflecting theirown cultural content. Colour is closely rela

2、ted to our daily life with abundant culture connotationwhich is a crucial object for language culture and translation. “Colour word” indicates the wordwhich is used to stand for a kind of colour. This definition is well known throughout the word but“colour words do not necessarily mean the same thin

3、g as colourful terms. Colourful English mayappear as idioms or in figurative expressions while colour words are words which simply showdifferent colours. Like the onomatopoeic word a colour word has little merit in itself. Only whenit suggests the image of the original or fortifies the sense in the

4、version it has value intranslation.”. Xiao Junshi P173 1982 Obviously as a part of words colour terms are used inwriting to transmit information. In physics it stands for the colour reflected by objects. Color words are used frequently in the translation of English and Chinese. We use some basicword

5、s to convey the meaning of the color words. Because of the differences of customs culturehistory geography etc the personality becomes obvious.Color is a objective phenomena so peoples awareness on color has something in common. Peoplefrom different culture have their own way to communicate to think

6、 and to behave. The words toexpress the colors are allocated different features and cultural connotation which show greatcultural differences.My thesis will focus on the practice of the translation of English color words. In order to promotethe development of the multi-cultural society and cross-cul

7、tural communication it is significant tounderstand and grasp colour terms and their functions in the cultural transfer. This thesis targetingat improving translation proficiency and promoting cross-cultural communication makes a carefulanalysis of colour terms including the definition the history in

8、 English and Chinese thetranslation difficulties and the translation techniques.The study on the translation of English color words has a long history. Many scholars have madedeep research on the color words and generally form their own theories which have been acceptedby the translation field. Thes

9、e research includes the research on the basic color words color wordsand color concepts the translation and the pragmatic meaning of color words the social andcultural connotation of color words etc. These books or articles have given very detailedexplanation on the color words. It is also mentioned

10、 in many books about translation. Howeverfrom all these books most scholars emphize on the way of translating them.Given to most of the books on the translation of English colour words the scholars have found outsome common ways to translate these words.The first is literal translation. We use this

11、way when we can find the equivalent words in both theChinese and the English. White house 白宫 red figure 赤字.The second way is transliteration. That means when you want to translate you have to understandthe usage and its cultural connotation and know clearly the real meaning symbolic meaning anddeepe

12、r meaning. Meanwhile you have to ignore the original meaning of the color words andtranslate the words according to the text.You look blue today. Whats wrong with you你今天看起来闷闷不乐，你怎么了！ （blue 在英语中有忧郁的，沮丧的意思）The third way is to add or odd the words. To better translate the original text sometimes we hav

13、eto add or odd the color words to make the translation perfect.The smoke made him cough. He coughed harshly his face lit like a tomato.烟使他呛起来。他难受地咳着，脸胀得像番茄一样红The forth way is explanation.Different color words have their own special meaning .Only if you explain them properly can the reader truly gras

14、p them.Everybody says she is the White Boned Demon an evil spirit who often took the guise of acharming woman in the novel Pilgrimage to the West.人人都说她是个白骨精.These are the four ways which we often use to translate the color words. When we translate wecan use the ways accordingly to make the best tran

15、slation.Through the forming of colour terms in China colour terms originate from peoples daily lives. Alot of plants names are used as colour terms especially after the improving of painting dying andceramics. “Blue comes from a kind of plant called blue and red comes from the plant calledmadder”. L

16、uo geng P8 2004 Many Chinese colour terms come from the name of plants orminerals. Although there is no theory about the forming of colour terms in Chinese history it ispossible to learn a lot of historical things which have relationships with colours. Countless colourterms can be found in Chinese p

17、oems essays and novels. The following instances are some typicalexamples.The English color words were embodied with abundant cultural connatation and obvious nationalfeatures. Accordingly their meaning is spreaded. The eight basic color words have many matches.In certain back ground the color words

18、dont represent their original meaning any more.zhangLili 2009Nowadays many scholars start to study the contrast meaning of the color words. The color wordshave completely different meaning in different cultural background. These theories give a lot helpfor translating color words. 红色happiness a fest

19、ival dayRed violence anger being short of money黄色filthy filthy thingsYellow timid shy mean白色wed mourning apparel or terrorWhite wedding garment or elegance黑色death bad crime or evilBlack dignity depression bad蓝色quiet pleasant lightheadedBlue heavy hearted filthy绿色marriage failureGreen jealous short o

20、f knowledgeCulture is a very important factor in the translation for color words. There are many study at homeand abroad. They study the phenomena in different ways and from different aspects.In west countries colour terms are popular in fields like philosophy physics psychology art andso on.The old

21、est theory in colour terms history is Aristotles Black and White Theory in whichcolour is made up of hue luminosity and saturation. At that period all colors were thought asdifferent degrees of mix of white and black. Black and White Theory was ended by Newton whosaw seven colors of the sunlight thr

22、ough prism.Other theories appeared at the same time such as Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis and CognitiveLinguistics. In spite of the relationship between these theories they all admitted colour termsimportant position in English. “Different nations have different cultures and take the different colours as s

23、pecial”. Lu HogmeiP 134 2006 A well-known legend Wang An-shi a great poet scholar of the Song DynastyA.D.960-1269 was once traveling in a remote part of china and he saw a poem written by ayoung author. Wang An-shi understood one couple of the poem which reads:A moon is singing in the skyAnd a yello

24、w dog lies in the flower.He assumed that there must be a mistake in the poem so he quickly took out his writing brush andcorrected the lines as the following:The moon is shinning in the skyAnd a yellow dog lies under the flowers.Wang An-shi corrected the lines so that they could be read more sensibl

25、y and he then showed hiscorrections to his friends living in the locality. He soon found out however that his “corrections”had been quite mistaken for the word which he had interpreted as “The moon” did not reallymean “moon” in the local language but referred to a bird in the area. Similarly the ter

26、m for“yellow dog” in the original poem was really the name of a type of insect.Wang An-shi had made two mistakes. Firstly he did not check the meaning of such words in thelocal dialect secondly he was perhaps too anxious to make poetry completely logical andreasonable. But the fact is that poetry of

27、ten does seem illogical and anomalous.As a part of vocabulary colour terms have different cultural connotations in two differentlanguages. It is certain that colour is related to the history. Chinese term “黄” has many symbolicmeanings in traditional Chinese culture. “黄” as the honorable color can on

28、ly be used in animperial family.Above all if we want to translate the color words accurately the most important thing we shouldkeep in mind is to know more about the culture. Personally the translation definitely do notdevelopment itself instead it is developing with the economy culture any aspect o

29、f the society.To translate the best article we should put the theory into practice. “people in different nationshave the same association of the same objects colour”. Zhang Peiji P106 1999 For example“雪” and “snow” have the same meaning of purity. The relationship between countries is closerand they

30、 have more chances to communicate with each other. Different culture will melt togetherand influence each other. Because of that it is more easier for us to understand the meaning ofcolor words in different culture.References:1Din Jin and Eugene A. Nida.On Translation M. 北京:中国对外翻译出版公司，1984 2Nida.A.E

31、ugene. Dynamic Equivalence in TranslatingA.Sin-wai Chan and David E. Pollard ed. ChineseEnglish.EnglishChinese:An Encyclopedia of TranslationC. HongKong：The Chinese University Press 19953陈红英语中含“颜色”的词语的理解与翻译J.山西大学学报（哲学社会科学版） （2） ，2000， ：1091104郭洪.浅论英汉语言的文化差异J.兰州学报，2004，（5）：2862875Venuti L. Strategies

32、 of Translation A Rout Ledge Encyclopedia of Translation Studies.New York: Routledge 2001.6包惠南. 文化语境与语言翻译M. 北京：中国对外翻译出版公司，2003.7包惠南，包昂. 中国文化与汉英翻译M. 北京： 外文出版社，2004.8曹雪芹，高鹗. 红楼梦M. 杨宪益，戴乃迭译. 北京：外文出版社，2003.9冯少芬. 英汉颜色词的语用意义及翻译J. 洛阳师范学院学报，20021.10冯庆华. 实用翻译教程（英汉互译）增订本M. 上海： 上海外语教育出版社，2002.11郭著章，李庆生. 英汉互译M.

33、 武汉：武汉大学出版社，2005.12顾秀梅. 跨文化翻译中的归化与异化的统一关系J. 文教资料，2005 17.13黄碧蓉. 英汉颜色词的社会文化内涵及翻译J. 安徽理工大学学报，2004 12.14黄邦杰. 译艺谭M. 北京: 中国对外翻译出版公司 1984.15华先发. 新实用英汉教程M. 武汉：湖北教育出版社，2000.生命列车The Train Of Life1. 不久以前，我读了一本书。书中把人生比作一次旅行。2. 人生一世，就好比是一次搭车旅行，要经历无数次上车、下车; 时常有事故发生; 有时是意外惊喜，有时却是刻骨铭心的悲伤 3. 降生人世，我们就坐上了生命列车。我们以为我们最

34、先见到的那两个人-我们的父母，会在人生旅途中一直陪伴着我们。 4. 很遗憾，事实并非如此。他们会在某个车站下车，留下我们，孤独无助。他们的爱、他们的情、他们不可替代的陪伴，再也无从寻找。 5. 尽管如此，还会有其他人上车。他们当中的一些人将对我们有着特殊的意义。 6. 他们之中有我们的兄弟姐妹, 有我们的亲朋好友。我们还将会体验千古不朽的爱情故事。7. 坐同一班车的人当中，有的轻松旅行。8. 有的却带着深深的悲哀 还有的,在列车上四处奔忙，随时准备帮助有需要的人 9. 很多人下车后，其他旅客对他们的回忆历久弥新 但是，也有一些人，当他们离开座位时，却没有人察觉。10. 有时候，对你来说情深义重

35、的旅伴却坐到了另一节车厢。你只得远离他，继续你的旅程。11. 当然，在旅途中，你也可以摇摇晃晃地穿过自己的车厢，去别的车厢找他 12. 可惜，你再也无法坐在他身旁，因为这个位置已经让别人给占了 .13. 没关系。旅途充满挑战、梦想、希望、离别 就是不能回头。因此，尽量使旅途愉快吧！14. 善待旅途上遇见的所有旅客，找出人们身上的闪光点。15. 永远记住，在某一段旅程中，有人会犹豫彷徨，因为我们自己也会犹豫彷徨。16. 我们要理解他人，因为我们需要他人的理解。17. 生命之谜就是：我们在什么地方下车？坐在身旁的伴侣在什么地方下车？我们的朋友在什么地方下车？我们无从知晓 18. 我时常这样想：到我

36、该下车的时候，我会留恋吗？我想我还是会的。和我的朋友分离，我会痛苦。让我的孩子孤独地前行，我会悲伤。 我执著地希望在我们大家都要到达的那个终点站，我们还会相聚 19. 我的孩子们上车时没有什么行李，如果我能在他们的行囊中留下美好的回忆，我会感到幸福。20. 我下车后，和我同行的旅客都还能记得我，想念我，我将感到快慰。21. 献给你, 我生命列车上的同行者, 祝您旅途愉快!1. Not long ago, I read a book, in which a mans life was compared to a journey.2. The life of a man is just like

37、a hitchhiking，during which many times we go up and down. Now and then things will happen accidently, some of which are to be unexpected excitement，while some heart-breaking sorrows. 3. When first embraced the world，we are already on the train of life. We take it for granted that the first two person

38、s, our parents, whom we are encountered with, will accompany us all the way.4. Sadly，things do not go on as we thought.Our parents will get off the train at a certain station，leaving us, bereft and helpless.Their love and emotion to us and their irreplaceable company can be found in nowhere.5. Howev

39、er，there will be somebody else who will get on the train. Some of them will have special meaning to us.6. Some of them may be our siblings , relatives and friends, and we will also expereince the imperishable love.7. Some of our travelling companions are quite light-hearted on the way.8. While some

40、may bear immense sorrow.Still some ,back and forth, are ready to hold out their hands for others who need help.9. Some people alight off the train, yet they are still kept in the mind of the other passengers for long;some, to the opposite, leave their seats without being noticed.10. Sometimes, the o

41、ne,who is dear to your heart, has huddled into another carriage. Nothing but one you can do is just to keep on going, far away from him.11. Of course, during the journey, you may stagger to another carriage to look for him.12. Its a pity that you will never seat yourself beside him because the seat

42、has been engaged by others. 13. Never mind. The journey is full of challenges,dreams, hopes and departures- but only one thing is that you cant turn back. So, have a good journey with heart and soul.14. Show your good-will to all the passengers you are encountered with, and find the merits of theirs

43、.15. Remeber that someone may oscillate just as we do in the journey.16. We should understand others just as we need others understanding.17. The enigma of life is：Where shall we get off the train of life?And how about the companions beside us?And our friends?We dont know.18. Sometimes I think：When

44、my time comes to get off the train，shall I miss it？I think I will.It is a suffering when I part with my friends.I will be sorry for leaving my kids going alone.I firmly hold that when we get to the terminal，we will have another reunion.19. When my kids get on the train of life, they have only little luggage in their travelling bags. However,if I can leave the beautiful memory in them,I will be happy. 20. After getting off the train of life, I will be content if my fellow passengers will remember me and miss me.21. To you , the companions on my train of life.May you have a good journey!6