Character Culture and History中国文化英语论文 汉字文化与历史.doc

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1、Character Culture and HistoryChinese characters is the most ancient text in the world, it is also the only ideograms in the world today. During the development of Chinese characters, it goes from numerous to Jane, from drawing sex to symbolic. But no matter how it changes, the inner spirit of Chines

2、e characters does not change, it has been traced to inheritance and development with a vigorous vitality. However, in modern times, Chinese characters has been suffer much impact, but on the one hand, Chinese characters has been maintained her nature, on the other hand, it absorb the strengths of th

3、e other text industriously so as to make Chinese standing in the east of the world for ever.1: The development and evolution of Chinese characters The Chinese characters is the most ancient text in the world, the latest record is in shang periods , in that time there were a complete system of oracle

4、 bone inscriptions it states oracle bone inscriptions is just the flow of Chinese characters but not the original of Chinese characters, the origin of Chinese characters should also be more earlier. We dont know the exact time of the origin of Chinese characters , concrete process is also in the deb

5、ate, it is unable to agree. There are many statements of the origin, but no matter which is right, Chinese characters is the Chinese nation create by own, crystallization of the wisdom of our ancestors is. It is the crystallization of the wisdom of ancestors. So we believe the Chinese characters is

6、one of the greatest invention in the history . Chinese characters is also the only ideograms in the world today. There are many theories of word building. The first appeared should be pictographic character, not only Chinese characters , many other characters began from pictographic character. It is

7、 the reaction of mankind to nature. But not all word can be draw from picture, so later appeared instructions and understand. It expanded the scope of Chinese characters greatly , at the same time, it make Chinese characters from graphical to symbol .along with the progress of the society and the ex

8、pansion of production, the speed of Chinese characters made cant keep up with the development of thinking and language. So hypocrisy words.hypocrisy words is the inevitable result of social development, it is also the key of challenging . Other ancient characters turned to the alphabet writing after

9、 the appear of hypocrisy words , but our Chinese characters doesnt change . Our ancestor created another word named phonogram . The emergence of phonogram characters to make Chinese characters eventually setting up, it make Chinese almost impossible to develop to phonetic script. At the same time, C

10、hinese characters have also experienced several changes , its generally believe, that is jinwen and dazuan, xiao zhuan, official script, regular script, running and cursive. Before the official script ,they are ancient stages, the words are very complex, it had been controversial. The words from off

11、icial script is concise , most people can accept it. So official scripts appearance is very important .Official script began to grow up from Qin. Qin shihuang united China, but his greatest contribution is 书同文. Because the unity of the text makes the China was basically keeps in the unity, united si

12、tuation. Of course at first qin united xiao zhuan,not official script, but xiao zhuans appearance led to the unity of the official script directly . Official script weakens the image mean of the Chinese characters , but greatly improves the characters of the symbolic, it also make the Chinese charac

13、ters become more united and simplified. The most important contribution is easy to identify and writing. After the founding of new China, Chinese characters was simplified by us, this is the second time to use of administrative means to tidy Chinese characters after qin . There are eight ways to Sim

14、plify Chinese characters ,they are following keep outline,section instead of the whole and so on. These methods have exist in the ancient time , and it is not simplified at will. The effect of the characters after simplified is obvious, at least it can reduce the quantity of illiteracy . But traditi

15、onal Chinese characters still has a very big market in the modern . Qinshihuangs 书同文 is proved to be a great progress by history, the meaning of the characters after simplified will needs to be examined by history. In the development of Chinese characters, the total trend is becoming from numerous t

16、o concise, from drawing sex to symbolic. The result of the simplified is making the Chinese character popular. The results of the symbolic is rich, it makes Chinese characters can express or record more rich and colorful social life. But no matter how development changes, the inner spirit of Chinese

17、 characters is not change, it is the ideographic nature of Chinese characters . No matter which Chinese characters in the history , they are contain the ideographic nature from beginning to end, ideographic sex is the essential features of the difference of Chinese characters and other test. The bea

18、uty of Chinese characters, cant be distrusted .2: A variety of reality challenge during the evolution of the Chinese characters In ancient times, although the Chinese did not believes in theology fanatically, but we embrace our words absolutely, almost no one doubted characters for thousands of year

19、s . But in modern times, Chinese characters have been suffered unprecedented impact along with the national recession. However, stanch Chinese characters through after all this serious challenge, the old and new characters are still standing on the east of earth. Chinese characters meet the first ch

20、allenge is alphabet writing. when the late qing dynasty was forced into the world, a lot of western language with foreign goods into China, because the Chinese characters is ideograms,in the pronunciation of words so intuitive than pinyin, and it is difficult to write ,at that time Chinese character

21、s is exclusive.In order to save the country, many scholars wholesale westernization, including alphabetization . Lu Husn said unbelievableChinese character is eternal, the country will perish. The debate of Chinese characters alphabetization lasted for a long time, and the alphabetization and commen

22、ts even lasts the china founding .But Chinese characters didnt destroy, and China did not perish. But the issue is really promoting the Chinese for the reflection of phonetic Chinese characters. Although the single syllable is harmony, we lack of good methods for Chinese phonetic . So Chinese charac

23、ters have the tradition of nourished from foreign language. At that time, it appeared a variety of schemes for phonetic by the influence of the western alphabetic writings.The greatest scheme is a set of phonetic alphabet, in addition to writing different, the phonetic system is close to Chinese pin

24、yin scheme, and it have direct connection with Chinese characters, so it was very popular at that time. Now, dictionary also uses “ phonetic alphabet and Chinese pinyin phonetic scheme for the Chinese characters. In February 1958 , the plan of Chinese phonetic alphabet was passed by the National Peo

25、ples Congress, instead of phonetic alphabet. The implementation of the plan promotes the popularization of mandarin.Soon after, another threat challenge is coming up, that is the Chinese computer input. If it cant use computer to deal with Chinese character information, that is doomed to be eliminat

26、ed by modernization. To Chinese characters, it is almost a matter of life and death. The computer is for English input of the design, the various of Chinese characters fonts complex and many similar words are the bottleneck of restricting Chinese character coding . But we can not ignore the fact : t

27、he number of total Chinese characters is on the increase, but the common characters remains unchanged. The 1980 s China announced the number of common words is 2500, the coverage is 97.97%, times the four phases is 1000, both cover 99.48%, among which the 42 words most commonly used reaches 25% of c

28、overage. It shows most of the Chinese characters is not used but sleeping in the dictionary, it is very important for character coding. Chinese character coding problem is quickly resolved after the Chinese own efforts. In addition ,Chinese character input have many characteristics, it proves ancien

29、t Chinese characters have tenacious vitality. again. In a word, the traditional is not an immutable thing, but a process of development. The development of Chinese characters is always growing , it has a broad mind.On the one hand, it has always kept their essence, on the other hand,it has the coura

30、ge to absorb the strengths of the other languages. We certainly dont want to see the Chinese characters as an art exists only in museum of some authentic or artifact, also dont want to see the Chinese character only as a foreign Sinologist and China Sinologist studied. As a foreign people said: the

31、world has a great country, her every word is a beautiful poem, a beautiful painting, you should study well. The country is China. 生命列车The Train Of Life1. 不久以前，我读了一本书。书中把人生比作一次旅行。2. 人生一世，就好比是一次搭车旅行，要经历无数次上车、下车; 时常有事故发生; 有时是意外惊喜，有时却是刻骨铭心的悲伤 3. 降生人世，我们就坐上了生命列车。我们以为我们最先见到的那两个人-我们的父母，会在人生旅途中一直陪伴着我们。 4. 很

32、遗憾，事实并非如此。他们会在某个车站下车，留下我们，孤独无助。他们的爱、他们的情、他们不可替代的陪伴，再也无从寻找。 5. 尽管如此，还会有其他人上车。他们当中的一些人将对我们有着特殊的意义。 6. 他们之中有我们的兄弟姐妹, 有我们的亲朋好友。我们还将会体验千古不朽的爱情故事。7. 坐同一班车的人当中，有的轻松旅行。8. 有的却带着深深的悲哀 还有的,在列车上四处奔忙，随时准备帮助有需要的人 9. 很多人下车后，其他旅客对他们的回忆历久弥新 但是，也有一些人，当他们离开座位时，却没有人察觉。10. 有时候，对你来说情深义重的旅伴却坐到了另一节车厢。你只得远离他，继续你的旅程。11. 当然，在

33、旅途中，你也可以摇摇晃晃地穿过自己的车厢，去别的车厢找他 12. 可惜，你再也无法坐在他身旁，因为这个位置已经让别人给占了 .13. 没关系。旅途充满挑战、梦想、希望、离别 就是不能回头。因此，尽量使旅途愉快吧！14. 善待旅途上遇见的所有旅客，找出人们身上的闪光点。15. 永远记住，在某一段旅程中，有人会犹豫彷徨，因为我们自己也会犹豫彷徨。16. 我们要理解他人，因为我们需要他人的理解。17. 生命之谜就是：我们在什么地方下车？坐在身旁的伴侣在什么地方下车？我们的朋友在什么地方下车？我们无从知晓 18. 我时常这样想：到我该下车的时候，我会留恋吗？我想我还是会的。和我的朋友分离，我会痛苦。让

34、我的孩子孤独地前行，我会悲伤。 我执著地希望在我们大家都要到达的那个终点站，我们还会相聚 19. 我的孩子们上车时没有什么行李，如果我能在他们的行囊中留下美好的回忆，我会感到幸福。20. 我下车后，和我同行的旅客都还能记得我，想念我，我将感到快慰。21. 献给你, 我生命列车上的同行者, 祝您旅途愉快!1. Not long ago, I read a book, in which a mans life was compared to a journey.2. The life of a man is just like a hitchhiking，during which many tim

35、es we go up and down. Now and then things will happen accidently, some of which are to be unexpected excitement，while some heart-breaking sorrows. 3. When first embraced the world，we are already on the train of life. We take it for granted that the first two persons, our parents, whom we are encount

36、ered with, will accompany us all the way.4. Sadly，things do not go on as we thought.Our parents will get off the train at a certain station，leaving us, bereft and helpless.Their love and emotion to us and their irreplaceable company can be found in nowhere.5. However，there will be somebody else who

37、will get on the train. Some of them will have special meaning to us.6. Some of them may be our siblings , relatives and friends, and we will also expereince the imperishable love.7. Some of our travelling companions are quite light-hearted on the way.8. While some may bear immense sorrow.Still some

38、,back and forth, are ready to hold out their hands for others who need help.9. Some people alight off the train, yet they are still kept in the mind of the other passengers for long;some, to the opposite, leave their seats without being noticed.10. Sometimes, the one,who is dear to your heart, has h

39、uddled into another carriage. Nothing but one you can do is just to keep on going, far away from him.11. Of course, during the journey, you may stagger to another carriage to look for him.12. Its a pity that you will never seat yourself beside him because the seat has been engaged by others. 13. Nev

40、er mind. The journey is full of challenges,dreams, hopes and departures- but only one thing is that you cant turn back. So, have a good journey with heart and soul.14. Show your good-will to all the passengers you are encountered with, and find the merits of theirs.15. Remeber that someone may oscil

41、late just as we do in the journey.16. We should understand others just as we need others understanding.17. The enigma of life is：Where shall we get off the train of life?And how about the companions beside us?And our friends?We dont know.18. Sometimes I think：When my time comes to get off the train，

42、shall I miss it？I think I will.It is a suffering when I part with my friends.I will be sorry for leaving my kids going alone.I firmly hold that when we get to the terminal，we will have another reunion.19. When my kids get on the train of life, they have only little luggage in their travelling bags. However,if I can leave the beautiful memory in them,I will be happy. 20. After getting off the train of life, I will be content if my fellow passengers will remember me and miss me.21. To you , the companions on my train of life.May you have a good journey!