A comparative Study on Cultural Values between USA and China英语毕业论文.doc
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1、A comparative Study on Cultural Values between USA and China What are cultural values? “Shared perceptions lead to actions that are regarded as appropriate and effective behaviors within a culture. The core of these shared perceptions is cultural value, existing only in the minds of people, which pr
2、ovides a norm of behaving, thinking, recognizing, socializing, deducing, evaluating, and make people orient themselves to it.” Cultures differ in what they value. 1 Nowadays, the number of contacts increases rapidly resulting in communication among people with different cultural backgrounds. As the
3、world today is getting more and more globalized, there are more and more chances for people to communicate than ever before. With frequent intercultural communication, people find it important to be fully aware of the cultures of the people whom they associate with. As China is getting more develope
4、d in economy and many other fields, especially after entering WTO, our country is becoming more open to the world. 2 Thus, more attention should be paid to the western culture in such a condition. Only by learning their values can we succeed in cross-cultural communication. Whats more, its necessary
5、 for us to make it clear what our own values are, so we can introduce Chinese culture to foreigners. Because the US is the superpower in the world and one of the most representative western countries, the essay mainly focus on American values. By comparing values between America and China, we can be
6、tter understand their way of thinking so as to avoid misunderstandings and potential barriers in cross-cultural communication. Obviously, there are quite a lot differences between the two countries values. First, the biggest difference is Chinas collectivism and the USs individualism. As we all know
7、, individualism is the basic principle of the western capitalist moral values and the moral core of the modern bourgeoisie. According to a survey by Greet Hofstede about individualism orientation degree among over forty countries and areas, America ranks the first. 3Individualism plays such an impor
8、tant role in American values that it is even considered to be “I” culture. We can find that there are many words in American English begin with “self-”, such as, self-control, self-respect, self-dependence, self-confidence, etc. Besides, in written English, “I” should be capital all the time, while
9、other Personal pronouns like “we” or “you” neednt. From this we can know that American consider individual to be the most important one. On the contrary, Chinese people emphasize on collectivism. We insist that the interests of the nation, society and family are more important than individuals. Ther
10、efore, Chinese tend to be self-depressive and conservative. That may be part of the reason why Chinese culture is regarded as “I-less culture” by some foreign experts. As the saying goes, “The nail that sticks out is hit”; while American would say, “Its the squeaky wheel that gets the oil”. Second,
11、another difference is the concept of time. For one thing, in Chinese culture exists the past orientation while in the USA is the future orientation. People in China, which has a long history, often take history as a mirror, focusing on the tradition. American pay more attention to the future, which
12、has something to do with its short history. For another thing, the difference shows in peoples different attitudes toward time. Punctuality is a respect to others for American. They cherish the time very much and try their best to make full use of it. They are more concerned with getting things acco
13、mplished than developing interpersonal relations. Americans daily life is related to the time schedule. In China people may not take time so serious and use time more casual and flexible. In some way, American is like the slavery of time and Chinese is like the master. Third, the last difference is
14、the seeking of stability or change. The core thought in American culture is “change”. Their attitude towards change is “accept the change and make the most of it”. For American s, the words change, develop, improve, grow and future are all most the same. However, Chinese people are more used to stab
15、ility. They prefer to stay at a place, follow the tradition and even do the same work all their lives. 4According to what are discussed above, there are rather big differences in cultural values between the two countries because of different cultural backgrounds, but it doesnt mean that no similarit
16、ies are shared by them. Both of them appreciate hard work. American believes that only by hard work could they achieve material success. In the U.S., the first question people often ask when they meet each other is related to work: “What do you do?” “Where do you work?” or “Who (What company) are yo
17、u with?” Chinese people are always hard-working, for “Achievements are reached by hard work rather than recreation”, which was said by Han Yu. Also, the two cultures respect and pay much attention to education. Both Chinese people and Americans share the common belief that education should be a good
18、 moral influence on people. Both cultures value the quality of honesty, the pursuit of happiness and so on. The formation of cultural values may be effected by many factors, but among them history really plays an important part. “The American values such as individualism, hard work and respect of ed
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