高中英语语法之倒装图表.doc

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1、Four short words sum up what has lifted most successful individuals above the crowd: a little bit more.-author-date高中英语语法之倒装图表高中英语语法之倒装图表倒装一. 完全倒装定义：主语和谓语完全颠倒过来叫完全倒装句首句型例句表示地点、时间、方位的副词表示地点的副词+谓语+主语（地点副词：here, there, in, on, outside, opposite等，谓语如Be或不及物动词begin, come, go, lie, live, lay, seem, remain,

2、 stand等等）Here comes the bus. There remained only 10 dollars in his pocket.Opposite stood an ancient oak tree.表示时间的副词+谓语+主语（时间副词：then, now, soon, next, first, finally等，谓语如Be或不及物动词begin, come, go, lie, live, lay, seem, remain, stand等等）表示方位的与介词同形的副词+谓语+主语（表方位的介词副词同形：in, out, up, down, away, off，ahead,

3、back等，谓语如不及物动词come, go, fly, jump, rush, walk等）In comes Mr. Smith.Away ran the terrified boy.表示地点、时间的介词短语表示地点的介词短语+不及物动词+主语Beyond the bushes lay the fields.At the top of the hill stands the old church.After the banquet came a firework display.表示时间的介词短语+不及物动词+主语（1） 谓语是及物动词或由“be+表语”构成时不用倒装句 At the top

4、 of the tower he could the whole city.（2） 谓语是及物动词的被动语态可用倒装句 In this unit will be found a satisfactory answer.某些表语表语（表示位置或地方的介词短语）+be+主语Near the church was an old ruined cottage.表语（形容词短语）+be+主语First to arrive were their two cousins.表语（过去分词）+be+主语Seated on the ground are a group of young people.表语（进行时

5、态中的现在分词）+be+主语Lying on the floor was a boy aged about 17.用于so, nor, neither开头的句子，用于重复前面的内容。肯定句+so +倒装结构（指另一人或物）He has been to Beijing, So have I. 否定句+neither/nor+倒装结构（指另一人或物）Li Wei cant answer the question. Neither can I.二. 部分倒装定义：只把某些功能词，助动词等置于句首叫部分倒装情况句式含义例句用于三个表示强调的句型中Hardly/ Barely /Scarcely +倒装

6、句（过去完成时）+when+陈述句语序（过去时）含义为“一就”，“刚就”Hardly/ Barely/ Scarcely had he arrived at the station when the train began to leave.No sooner+倒装句（过去完成时）+than+陈述句语序（过去时）No sooner had she gone out than the telephone rang.Not only+倒装句式+but (also)+陈述句语序含义为“不但而且”Not only did I know her, but I was her best friend.No

7、t until+句子（陈述句语序）/时间状语+倒装句式含义为“直到才”Not until the teacher came did he finish his homework. 用于only开头的句子Only+状语+倒装句式 （若only接的不是状语，则不用倒装）含义为“只有，仅仅“Only when he told me did I realize what trouble he was in.Only Wang Ling knows this.（此处only接的是主语）某些否定词谓语句首时Hardly, scarcely, barely几乎不 Rarely, seldom很少含有否定含义

8、Hardly did he know that the police were after him.No, not, never,Never shall I do this again.nowhere Nowhere could I find him.Little, less, no longer, least of all.Little did he know who the woman was.某些含有no的介词短语位于句首时At no time, by no means, under/in no circumstances, in no way, in no case, on no ac

9、count, on no consideration“介词+no+名词”意为“决不”In no way should I take the responsibility.我根本不需承担责任。Under no circumstances could we agree to such a principle.So, such位于句首时So+倒装结构+that+句子（陈述句语序）含义为“如此以至于”So many questions did they ask me that I got confused.Such+倒装结构+that+句子（陈述句语序）Such a fierce dog did he

10、 have that we had to wait before we could get in.当“so+形容词”或“such”为表语时，用完全倒装（so, such修饰主语则不用倒装So great was the destruction that it took them several years to recover.Such was the force of the explosion that all the windows were broken.带to such表程度的词组位于句首时To such +名词+倒装结构含义为“到程度”To such a degree was he

11、 excited that he couldnt go to sleep that night.他兴奋到如此程度，以至晚上无法入睡。用于省略if的虚拟条件状语从句Were/ Had/ Should+主语+其他 = If 主语+were/ had/ should含义为“如果”Were he my friend, I would expect his help. = If he were my friend, I would expect his help.Were it not for（如果没有，现在、将来）=If it were not forWere it not for their hel

12、p, we would be in serious trouble. =If it were not for their help, we would be in serious trouble.Had it not been for（如果当时没有，过去）= If it hadnt been forHad it not been for their support, we couldnt have won the election.=If it hadnt been for their support, we couldnt have won the election.用于让步状语从句/原因状

13、语从句（让步用though, as, that，原因只能用as, that）形容词 though 系动词，助动词名词（去掉冠词） + +主语 + 情态动词分词，动词，副词 as/ that 谓语动词含义为“虽然，由于”Strange though it may seem, the tallest boy is the youngest.（表让步）=Though it may seem strange, the tallest boy is the youngest.Woman as she is, she is courageous. = As she is woman, she is cou

14、rageous.（表让步）Absorbed as/that he was in the book, he did not notice my entering the room.（表原因）=As he was absorbed in the book, he did not notice my entering the room.用于as引导的方式状语从句如果从句的主语较长或带有长的修饰语，可用倒装。主语是人称代词，则不倒装。含义为“正如（方式）”He traveled a great deal as did most of his friends.用于than引导的比较状语从句含义为“比”I

15、 spend less than do nine out of ten people in my position.方式状语、频度状语等位于句首如果不是十分强调，也可不用。Gladly would I / I would gladly give my life to save the child!Often does he warn us / he warns us not to touch the poisonous chemical.用于thethe结构的主句中若此结构中主句的助于太长，也可用倒装含义为“越越”The more grain we produce, the greater w

16、ill be our achievement.=The more grain we produce, the greater our achievement will be.用于几个特殊结构的让步状语从句Be+主语+ever so+形容词无论怎样Be it ever so humble, there is no place like home.无论家境再贫，家总是最好的。Be+主语+A or B无论是A或BBe he friend or enemy, the law regards him as a criminal.无论他是敌是友，法律判定他是罪犯。动词+wh词+主语+will/may无论Say what we will, he doesnt want to change his mind.无论我们说什么，他都不会改变他的主意。直接引语当主语为名词，用倒装；当主语是代词，则一般不用。“Lets go,” said the man/ he said.用于某些表示祝愿的句子May+主语+动词原形祝愿May you succeed! 祝你成功！上述情况并非一定要用部分倒装，有些可用全倒，有些可不倒，请仔细阅读。-