The History of Chinese Surname Culture 中国姓氏文化的历史.docx

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1、The History of Chinese Surname Culture 中国姓氏文化的历史 Content1. Introduction3-42. Analysis4-52.1.The development of Chinese surname 5-82.2.The rich connotation of Chinese Surname Culture8-102.3.The deep origin of surname culture in the Strait of the Strait.10-113.Conclusion.11-124. References12The Histor

2、y of Chinese Surname CultureAbstract: The Chinese nation since ancient times there is traced, Xungenwenzu traditional, reflecting the sons and daughters of the Chinese national pride, historical weight and cultural self-confidence. In China, the family name is not only social member called a part, a

3、nd is marked with a text symbol of family and kinship; is not only closely linked with peoples daily life and with the inheritance and development of Chinese culture are closely linked.Key Words: Chinese surname culture, history, development1. IntroductionIn China, most peoples names have two parts,

4、 the family names and the given names. And in ancient China, one person usually had several names, and naming involved xing, shi, ming, and zi. Xing and shi together formed surname. Xingshi was related to ones clan name or family name, and ming and zi were ons given names. Surname was shared while m

5、ing and zi was individuals. People got their surname the moment they born. And they had only one xingshi in their whole life. China is the first country in the world to use its surname. In about 3400 years of the Shang Dynasty Oracle, people have a clear text name. If counting from the ancient legen

6、d, the ancestors of the Chinese began to use surnames time can be pushed back to the end of the primitive society, the history of at least 5000 years.2. AnalysisThe appearance of Chinese surname is the product of social development in the later stage of the primitive society. In the end of the primi

7、tive society, the Chinese ancestors began to get rid of the primitive social state and entered the clan society. Compared with xing, shi was more complicated. There were certain differences between the two, but they were also related to each other. All in all, naming was very complicated and involve

8、d a lot of things, such as the name of the tribe and the place where a person live. At that time, people of racial reproduction law have a certain understanding, to stop the incest, promiscuous marriage phenomenon, the gens clan exogamy, and establishes the distinction between the clans of the symbo

9、ls. Later, the symbols gradually evolved into that clan lineage title - surname more directly. 2.1. The development of Chinese surnameTo trace the origins of the surname, we have to go back over twenty-first Century BC. At that time, Xia Dynasty established, China began to enter the slave society. T

10、he Xia and Shang Dynasties on Wednesday were the historical period of the Chinese civilization and the unique style, which was the rapid development of Chinese family name and the gradual maturity. At that time, surname just emperors, governors, Qingdafu and the like, the slave owning aristocracy is

11、, civilians, slaves often have a name no surname. Surnamed He still used separately, the name is blood and dont marriage, with the implementation of the homosexual marriage system. The number of the last name is limited, and it is mainly used for the title of female noble. Although the male aristocr

12、atic family name, but more is to use his name, the function is the identity of the identity, BieGuijian . According to legend, Zhou Gong Dan and rule the world, 71 of which has feudal country. Surname nobility bees to mark the patriarchal clan identity, namely Zuo Zhuan, implicit public eight years,

13、 said: emperor Jiande, for students to give name, sacrificial soil and lives. naming way has many kinds, some lineages for the clan, such as princes to children, son Gong sun, Kung suns sons grandfathers words; some to seal the country s, such as Jiang Taigong was sealed in Qi and said Qis; some fie

14、f for the clan, such as business martingale the surname Ji, based on descent said martingale, was closed after the business according to the fief said Shang Yang; some official for the family, such as Sima, Stuarts; some to place of residence for family, and so on. Therefore, significantly more than

15、 the number of name of number, Zuo Zhuan said 654 in the spring and Autumn period, As, and according to the late Ming and early Qing Gu Yanwu RI Zhi Lu contained, the surname of the spring and Autumn period is only more than 40.Since 221 BC, Qin Dynasty ended the Warring States division, the establi

16、shment of the first unified centralized feudal state in Chinese history. With the disintegration of slaveholders patriarchal rule, the name system and the corresponding also are abolished. The surname no longer serves as the symbol of the noble identity, the general populace also begin to have own s

17、urname. The difference between the first name and surname gradually disappear, be made one. To the Han Dynasty, Chinese surname system tends to be stable and common, every family have their own fixed surnames, offspring from generation to generation. Since then, the number of Chinese surname in the

18、number of increase or decrease in the title of the intersection. According to statistics, the Han Dynasty Wang Fu Qianfulun, Zhi Shi Xing, should be Holon the customs pass and surname the surname 500, Tang Linbao element and the surname Tsay received surname 1404, Song Dynasty Deng Ming Shi ancient

19、and modern name of syndrome differentiation received surname 2101, Zheng Xiao Tongzhi clan that surnames 2288, Shao Si the surname solution that surnames 2568, Yuan Ma, Duanlin, Wenxian and tongkao received surname 3766. Ming Ling Di know surname million series spectrum that surnames 3557, Wang Qi t

20、he literature tongkao received the surname 4657, Qing Dynasty being the name of the law received surname 5129. In 2010, the mainland of China published a dictionary of Chinese family name, which included the majority of Chinese characters in various historical periods, and the number was 23813. Amon

21、g them, 6931 word name, surname and double character surnames 9012, three character name 4850, four word name 2276, five word surname 541, six word surname 142, 39 seven character name, character name 14, seven of the nine word surname. 2.2.The rich connotation of Chinese Surname CultureRecalling th

22、e history of Chinese surname culture, can be described as vast, quite spectacular. Behind every name, there are over a long period of time history and rich story. The Chinese culture of last name not only directly reflects the Chinese culture has a long history and profound features, but also record

23、ed the Chinese national exchange and fusion, the generation of the course of growth.Chinese surname culture is a vivid portrayal of Chinese social development. Family name is the product of every time, so it can also be used to study the situation of every time. As early as in the late primitive soc

24、iety, the Chinese land on the beginning of the surname creation. Reflecting Chinese ancestors of surname dating, not fan rules have a correct understanding of marks the great progress of the institution of marriage. To the Zhou Dynasty, the number of surnames is increasing rapidly, reflecting the ru

25、ler of the Zhou Dynasty history of large-scale packet; at the same time, the name and the use of strict rules, and explains the Zhou Dynasty each social stratum strict hierarchy. Qin and Han Dynasties, and the name be made one obtains the popularization; reflect the needs of the centralized feudal s

26、tate unification. Since then, the number of family names in each dynasty has increased continuously, and the names of the names of the various dynasties have become more diverse. In accordance with the Song Dynasty Zhengqiao Tongzhi, clan induction, sources of surnames in the Song Dynasty has reache

27、d 32, or to seal the country as a surname, such as Yu, Xia, Shang and song; or to fief as a surname, such as Cui, Lu, abalone, Yan; or to place of residence for the clan, such as Ji, Mongolian, bridge, Ying; or to the world for the clan, such as children, Gongsun; or to Guanjue fors, such as Wang, H

28、ou, the official historian, Sima; or to artistry as surname, such as witchcraft, divination, pottery, Tu and so on. The ins and outs of analysis of surnames, like reading an encyclopedia, can directly and indirectly, to understand the various periods of economic, political, cultural, social and othe

29、r aspects of the situation. Chinese surname culture is a powerful testimony of the Chinese nations fusion. Since ancient times, the Chinese nation is a pluralistic and integrated family, the exchange and integration between the various nationalities has never stopped. This is also fully reflected in

30、 the development of the surname culture. According to legend, Huang Di tribe formerly residing in this northern Shaanxi Loess Plateau of a clan, and later developed into a 25 clan, twelve pastries huge tribal group. During this period, of the Yellow Emperor family surname from single surnamed expand

31、 Ji, unitary, Qi, F, Tang, pro, Ren, Xun, Xi, Ji, Xuan, according to 12 surnames. It is not difficult to see, the origin of the Chinese nation, the development of national fusion and is closely related, as the shadow follows the form name. During the next several thousand years, the Chinese nations

32、fusion is more frequently, more closely, the family name in which the function is more prominent. .2.3.The deep origin of surname culture in the Strait of the StraitTaiwan is an inalienable part of China. As with many other aspects, the surname on both sides of the Strait also has a very deep origin

33、 relationship. Most of the names of Taiwan come from the mainland of China. According to statistics, Taiwan currently has 1989 surnames, including 1417 word name, surname 533, three words 34, and four word names 5. In Taiwan, the number of the top 10 surnames for Chen, Lin, Huang, Li, Zhang, Wang, W

34、u, Liu, Cai, Yang, in addition to Lin, Cai two surnames, the remaining eight surname also ranked in mainland China ten big surnames (Wang, Li, Zhang, Liu, Chen, Yang, Huang, Zhao, Wu, Zhou). In the first 100 of Taiwan, there are 75 of the first 100 of the mainlands mainland. Therefore, the names of

35、the two sides of the Strait are not only highly coincident with the specific appellation, but also have strong isomorphism in the distribution of population.The close relationship between the surnames of the two sides of the Strait after several hundred years of accumulation has been firmly embedded

36、 in the spirit of Taiwan compatriots. In Taiwan, many surnames are established in the hall, for recording the surname history, to commemorate the namesake of outstanding figures. At the end of nineteenth Century after the Japanese occupation of Taiwan, forcing the people of Taiwan for the Japanese d

37、ouble word surname changed. Taiwan people tried to keep their own national traditions or to replace the original surname family, such as Chen Gai is Yingchuan, King changed in Taiyuan. The surname of historical allusions, such as Liu Gai to Sun Yat Sen; or the celebrity quotes, such as Li Gaijing (f

38、rom Mencius quotes Inoue Lee). The peoples national consciousness and patriotic feelings of the people in Taiwan can be seen. 2. ConclusionIt is said that the original purpose of giving each person a name was for convenience. Ancient people found that whenever it was dark, they couldnt see each othe

39、r and they couldnt tell whos who. Each person was given a name, so that they could address each other easily, even in the dark. Later, people became more and more particular about their names. Under the influence of political, economic and other factors, people had different preferences at different

40、 period of time.The surname is the product of the historical development, and it is the link of the reality. Straits name, name origin, source. Everyone has, from generation to generation of surnames, according to the same department, this from a source of surname culture, the cross-strait people closely together. Not only the past, but now, it will be so.4. ReferencesFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaHistory of Chinese Surnames SourceDictionary of Chinese Family Name The Spring and Autumn AnnalsOne Hundred Surnames