单片机的发展应用-毕业论文外文翻译.docx

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1、英文资料及翻译Development and application of microcontrollerFrom radio world to the microcontroller world The modern computer technology industrial revolution, will the world economy from capital economy into the age of the knowledge economy. In the electronic world field, the radio times from the 20th cen

2、tury has come to the 21st century using computer technology center for intelligent modern electronics systems era. Modern electronic system of basic core is embedded computer system (hereinafter referred to as the embedded system), and single-chip microcomputer is the most typical, the most widespre

3、ad, the most popular embedded system. One, the world of radio made severalIn 1950s and 1960s, the most representative of advanced electronic technology is radio technology, including radio, radio, wireless communication (message), amateur radio stations and radio orientation, navigation, etc telemet

4、ry, remote control and remote-sensing believe technology. Early is these electronic technology led many teenagers into a wonderful electronic world, radio technology shows the prospect of contemporary technical life wonderful. Electronic science begins to form a new subject. Radio electronics, wirel

5、ess communication began the process of electronic world. Radio technology not only in the advanced science and technology from the representative, and spread to professional scientific fields, attracted broad adolescent, and make them find great pleasure. From the bedside ore radios to specialized r

6、adio; Report from radio amateur radio stations; send the phone, buzzers to radio manipulation model. So far, many of the engineer, experts, professors when are radio enthusiasts. Radio technology fun, radio technology, comprehensive training from electronics basic principle, electronic components ba

7、se to wireless remote control, and telecommunication electronics systems production, cultivate generations of technology talents. Second, from radio era to electronic technology is pervasive era Early radio technology promoted the development of electronic technology, one of the most main is vacuum

8、tubes electronic technology to semiconductor electronic technology development. Semiconductor electronic technology make active device realized the micro miniaturization and low cost, make radio technology have more pervasive and innovation, and greatly broadens plenty of radio control field. Semico

9、nductor technology development leads to integrated circuit device generation, formed the modern electronic technology to leap from discrete components, electronic technology times into the circuit integrated era. Electronic design engineer will no longer use discrete electronic components design, wh

10、ile direct circuit units of integrated circuit units selection system components. They designed from circuit units to liberate, system design, greatly liberated technology the productive forces, promote the electronic system a wider range of popularity. Semiconductor integrated breakthrough. Lots of

11、 digital logic circuit, such as a gate, counter, timer, shift register and analog switches, comparator etc, to digital electronic control provides excellent condition, make the traditional mechanical control to the electronic control. Power electronic devices and sensing technology development make

12、previous radio as the center of electronic technology in the field of turning to engineering of mechanical system, the digital control in the field of information collection, detecting the move machinery electrical servo drive control subjects. Semiconductor and integrated circuit technology will we

13、 into a electronic technology is pervasive era, radio technology to become electronic technology application domain of a part. In the 20th century 70s, large scale integrated circuit appear, promoted the conventional electronic circuit units of special electronic system development. Many special ele

14、ctronic system became integration device such as a radio, electric clock, calculator, etc, in these areas of electronic engineers from circuit, the system of elaborate design, debugging into component selection, peripheral devices adapter work. Electronic technology development, electronic products,

15、 electronic engineer enriched difficulty fell, but meanwhile, radio technology, electronic technology charm weakens. Semiconductor integrated circuit development makes the classical electronic system has been improved, stay in large scale integrated circuit outside of the electronic technology are d

16、windling, electronic technology without a past radio times fun and comprehensive engineering training. Third, from classic electronic technology era to the modern electronic technology age Into the 1980s, the most important century economic change is the computers industrial revolution. And the comp

17、uter industry the most important marks revolution of the embedded application is the birth of the computer. Modern electronic computer is should the birth of numerical requirements. In a long time, electronic computers are massive numerical calculation for its development. But the electronic compute

18、r show the logical operation, processing, control ability, attracted the electronic control expert in the field, they demand to meet the control object embedded application requirements, achieving the computer system. If will satisfy the mass data processing computer system called general computer s

19、ystem, then can be embedded into object system (such as ships, aircraft, engine, etc) the computer system is called embedded computer. Obviously, the technology development direction is different. Former request mass data storage, handling capacity and high speed data processing analysis and transmi

20、ssion; While the latter requirements in the object environment and reliable operation of the external physical parameters, high-speed data acquisition, logic analysis and external objects rapid control etc. Early humans will general-purpose computer plus data acquisition unit, output driver circuit

21、grudgingly constitute a heat treatment furnace temperature control system. Such general computer system not for most electronic system USES, and should make the general computer system satisfies the embedded application requirements, inevitably affects high-speed numerical processing technology deve

22、lopment. In order to resolve the contradiction, the development of computer technology in the 1970s, semiconductor experts path, in full accordance with the electronic system embedded application requirements, the computer will be a miniature computer basic system integration in a Single Chip, forme

23、d early single-chip Microcomputer) performance Chip cluster generator attempts (. SCM in computer field when began appearing in a general-purpose computer system and the two branches of the embedded system. Since then, general computer systems have developed rapidly. Early despite a modified general

24、-purpose computers into embedded computer system, and the genuine sense of embedded system began in SCM appear. Because microcontroller is dedicated to the design of the embedded application, microcontroller can only achieve embedded applications. SCM can best meet the environmental requirements emb

25、edded application, for example, chip level of physical space, large scale integrated circuit of the low price, good peripheral interface buses and prominent control functions of instruction system. A computer system kernel, microcontroller embedded into electronic system for system intellectualizati

26、on, laid a foundation. Therefore, the current microcomputer in the extensive use of electronic system, and makes the classical electronic system transition to the rapid modern electronic system intellectualization. Four, SCM began the modern electronic system era 1 of MCU and embedded systems Embedd

27、ed system from computer embedded application, early embedded systems for general-purpose computer after modified embedded into the various electronic system object system, such as the ships autopilot, turbine monitoring system, etc. Embedded system first is a computer systems, secondly it is embedde

28、d in the system to the object, the object system realization object request data acquisition, processing, status display, output control function, because embedded in object system, the computer without computer embedded system of independent form and function. SCM is completely according to the emb

29、edded system design requirement for, so microcontroller is the most typical of embedded system. Early microcontroller is press embedded application technology requirements of computer single chip integrated design, friend name microcontroller. Subsequently, Microcontroller to meet growing embedded a

30、pplication requirements and peripheral interfaces its control function function, especially outstanding control functions, so international has name for micro controller (single-chip Microcontroller MCU, Unit). 2 single-chip modern electronics systems will become mainstream electronic system MCU is

31、device level computer system, it can be embedded into any object system, realize intelligent control. Small to tiny machinery, such as watch, hearing AIDS. Integrated device level low price, low to a few, enough to make SCM spread to many Modern electronic system single-chip already deeply to houses

32、, is changing our life, such as family of acoustics, TV sets, washing machines, microwave oven, telephone, security system, air conditioner, etc. SCM innovation the original electronic systems, such as microwave oven adopts single-chip microcomputer control, convenient to clock Settings, procedural

33、memory, power control; After air conditioning adopts single-chip microcomputer remote parameter Settings convenience, not be automatic transform running state, still can realize frequency conversion control. At present many household appliances such as VCD, DVD only possible microcontroller appears

34、after realize its function. 3 the embedded system drive the whole electronic industry At present, electronic components industry besides microprocessors, embedded system device outside, mostly modern electronic system around the components industry, such as supporting human-computer interaction with

35、 buttons meet, LED/LCD display driver, LED/LCD display unit, speech integrated devices, etc, satisfy requirement of data acquisition channel digital sensors, ADC, data acquisition module, the signal disposal module, satisfy servo drive control DAC, solid relay, stepping electronic controller, freque

36、ncy conversion control unit and so on, satisfy the communication requirements of various bus driver, multilevel converters etc. World electronic components in embedded systems along fully satisfy drive, the embedded application of modern electronic system requirements development. This makes the ori

37、ginal classic electronic system world is getting smaller. Electronic system as the various staff should modern electronic system to the avenues. Five, the microcontroller will create a new generation of electronic elite If the 1950s onwards, radio world contributed to generations of elite, so todays

38、 single-chip microcomputer world will create a new generation of electronic elite. 1 microcontroller bring you into intelligent electronic field If the classic electronic system as an unchangeable electronic system, so intelligent and modern electronics systems is an life the electronic system. Micr

39、ocomputer application system hardware structure of the body to electronic system , microcomputer application system application gives its life . For example, in designing intelligent instrument displays display function, the boot display system self-check results, not enter work display various stan

40、dby instrument runtime show to run after the process, work can display the current results, self-check results and original data, various processing statements, etc. In unattended, but given various automatic operation function. Electronic system for endless realm, intelligent without hardware resou

41、rces often add can achieve various refurbished function. This is at present many household appliances are one of the factors of additional functions. 2 single-chip computer g-Kong bring you into a field The 21st century is the century of humanity into the computer age, many people not in computer is

42、 in use computer. People are using computers, only engaged in embedded system application talents truly into the computer systems internal hardware and can really understand and master the intelligent computer intelligent design essentially the knowledge. From the study of MCU application technology

43、 today is the training computer application software and hardware, one of the best road technical personnel. 3 Microncontroller will bring you into the most attractive electronic world Charming microcontroller can make you realize the computer of true meaning, you can use the microcontroller hands-o

44、n design intelligent toys, can design different applications the realization of different functions. Both the hardware and software design, production and brains, both arms. Primary level can be developed intelligent toys, use a macro instruction programming. Intermediate level can be developed some

45、 intelligent controller, such as computer mouse, intelligent vehicle, all kinds of model. Senior level can be developed robots, such as a soccer match, the development of industrial control unit, network communication, etc, and assembly language or senior language design application. Around the sing

46、le-chip microcomputer and embedded system formed the future of electronic industry, will provide vast for electronic enthusiasts in the world, a broader than the world of radio, richer and more durable, more charm of the electronic world. Join in SCM world, will make you lifetime benefit. 原文翻译单片机的发展

47、应用从无线电世界到单片机世界现代计算机技术的产业革命，将世界经济从资本经济带入到知识经济时代。在电子世界领域，从20世纪中的无线电时代也进入到21世纪以计算机技术为中心的智能化现代电子系统时代。现代电子系统的基本核心是嵌入式计算机系统(简称嵌入式系统)，而单片机是最典型、最广泛、最普及的嵌入式系统。 一、 无线电世界造就了几代英才 在20世纪五六十年代，最具代表的先进的电子技术就是无线电技术，包括无线电广播、收音、无线通信(电报)、业余无线电台、无线电定位、导航等遥测、遥控、遥信技术。早期就是这些电子技术带领着许多青少年步入了奇妙的电子世界，无线电技术展示了当时科技生活美妙的前景。电子科学开始

48、形成了一门新兴学科。无线电电子学、无线通信开始了电子世界的历程。 无线电技术不仅成为了当时先进科学技术的代表，而且从普及到专业的科学领域，吸引了广大青少年，并使他们从中找到了无穷的乐趣。从床头的矿石收音机到超外差收音机；从无线电发报到业余无线电台；从电话、电铃到无线电操纵模型。无线电技术成为当时青少年科普、科技教育最普及、最广泛的内容。至今，许多老一辈的工程师、专家、教授当年都是无线电爱好者。无线电技术的无穷乐趣、无线电技术的全面训练，从电子学基本原理、电子元器件基础到无线电遥控、遥测、遥信电子系统制作，培养出了几代科技英才。 二、 从无线电时代到电子技术普及时代 早期的无线电技术推动了电子技

49、术的发展，其中最主要的是真空管电子技术向半导体电子技术的发展。半导体电子技术使有源器件实现了微小型化和低成本，使无线电技术有了更大普及和创新，并大大地开阔了许多非无线电的控制领域。 半导体技术发展导致集成电路器件的产生，形成了近代电子技术的飞跃，电子技术从分立器件时代走进了电路集成时代。电子设计工程师不再用分立的电子元器件设计电路单元，而直接选择集成化的电路单元器件构成系统。他们从电路单元设计中解放出来，致力于系统设计，大大地解放了科技生产力，促进了电子系统更大范围的普及。 半导体集成电路首先在基本数字逻辑电路上取得突破。大量数字逻辑电路，如门电路、计数器、定时器、移位寄存器以及模拟开关、比较器等，为电子数字控制提供了极佳的条件，使传统的机械控制转向电子控制。功率电子器件以及传感技术的发展使原先以无线电为中心的电子技术开始转向工程领域中的机械系统的数字控制，检测领域中的信息采集，运动机械对象的电气伺服驱动控制。 半导体