毕业论文外文翻译-应收账款的管理.doc
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1、The term receivables refer to amounts due from individuals and companies. Receivables are claims that are expected to be collected in cash. The management of receivables is a vary important activity for any company that sells goods on credit. Receivables are important because they represent one of a
2、 companys most liquid assets. For many companies receivables are also one of the largest assets.Receivables这个单词是指应收账款欠款的个人和公司。应收账款是指预计将收集到的现金。应收款的管理对任何一个通过信贷方式销售货物的公司而言都是一项重要的活动。应收款很重要的,因为他们代表一个公司的最具流动性的资产。对于许多公司而言,应收账款也是其中最大的资产之一。Management Receivables应收账款的管理Receivables are a significant asset on t
3、he many books. As a consequence, companies must pay close attention to their receivables balances and manage them carefully.应收款是在很多书籍中都表明是一项很重要的资产。因此,企业必须密切关注其应收款余额并且进行谨慎的管理。Managing accounts receivables involves five steps:1. Determine to whom to extend credit2. Establish a payment period3. Monitor
4、 collections4. Evaluate the receivables balances5. Accelerate cash receipts from receivables when necessary应收账款的管理可分为五步来进行:1.决定谁可以提供信贷2.建立付款期限3.监测收回4.评价应收账款余额5.必要时加快应收账款的现金收回Extending Credit提供信贷A critical part of managing receivables is determining who should be extended credit and who should not. M
5、any companies increase sales by being generous with their credit policy, but they may end up extending credit to risky customers who do not pay. If the credit policy is too tight, you will lose sales; If it is too loose, you may sell to “deadbeats” who will pay either very late or not at all. One CE
6、O noted that prior to getting his credit and collection department in order, his salespeople had 300 square feet of office space per person, while the people in credit and collections had six people crammed into a single 300-square-foot space. Although this arrangement boosted sales, it had vary exp
7、ensive consequences in bad debts expense.应收账款管理中一个决定性的部分就是确定谁应扩大信贷,谁不应该扩大。很多公司由于信贷政策的宽松提高了销售额,但他们最终可能扩大客户的信贷风险。如果信贷政策是很紧,销售量将下降;如果太松,则意味着你可能将劳务出售给支付很晚或根本无法偿还的游手好闲之人。一个总裁指出,他先后接管受信业务和代收款部门,他的销售人员每人在办公室的空间为300平方英尺,而在信贷和回收部门6个人勉强塞进一个300平方英尺的空间。虽然这种安排促进销售,但它会产生非常昂贵的坏账费用。Certain steps can be taken to hel
8、p minimize losses as credit standard are relaxed. Risky customers might be required to provide letters of credit or bank guarantees. Then if the customers dont pay, the bank that provided the guarantee will. Particularly risky customers might be required to pay cash on delivery. In addition, you sho
9、uld ask potential customers for references from banks and suppliers to determine their payment history. It is important to check these references on potential new customers as well as periodically to check the financial health of continuing customers. Many resources are available for investigating c
10、ustomers.通过宽松的信贷标准可以采取某些步骤最大限度地减少损失。风险客户可能会被要求提供信用证或银行担保。然后,如果客户不支付,银行会提供了保证。特别危险的客户可能需要货到付款。此外,你应该请求银行和供应商对潜在客户提供证明以确定其付款历史。重要的是要检查这些潜在的新客户的信用状况以及定期检查老客户的财政状况。许多资源均可用于调查客户。Establishing a payment period建立付款期限Companies that extended credit should determine a required payment period and communicate th
11、at policy to their customers. It is important to make sure that your companys payment period is consistent with that of your competitors. For example, if you decide to require payment within 15 days, but your competitors require payment within 45 days, you may lose sales to your competitor. However,
12、 you may allow up to 45days to pay but offer a sales discount for people paying within 15days to match competitors term but encourage prompt payment of account.展延信用证的公司应该向他们的客户确定一个必须的付款期限和传达沟通政策。重要的是,要确保您公司的付款期与你的竞争对手是一致的。例如,如果您决定要求在15天内付款,但您的竞争对手需要在45天内付款,这样您可能会在销售上败给你的竞争对手。然而,您可以允许最多四十五天支付,但给15天内付
13、款的客户提供了一个销售折扣从而匹配竞争对手的期限、鼓励客户立即付款。Monitoring collections监测收回An accounts receivable aging schedule should be prepared at least monthly. In addition to estimating the allowance for bad debts, the aging schedule has other uses to management. It aids estimation of the timing of future cash inflows, whic
14、h is very important to the treasurers efforts to prepare a cash budget. It provides information about the overall collection experience of the company and identifies problem account. Problem accounts need to be pursued with phone calls, letters, and occasionally legal action. Sometimes special arran
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