毕业论文外文翻译-我们需要战略成本管理.doc

《毕业论文外文翻译-我们需要战略成本管理.doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《毕业论文外文翻译-我们需要战略成本管理.doc（10页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、本科毕业论文（设计）外 文 翻 译原文：We need strategic cost management We need strategic cost management? As noted earlier, the global financial crisis continues to wantonly slightly, off-season already unsolicited, but also to a year was bad, but even worse this year, Xi. Improve efficiency, reduce costs, many comp

2、anies have become one of the ultimate weapon. Consequently, from Europe to the Americas, from global to domestic, sounded a dismissal, caused many large and small vibration. Various enterprises began Wujin their own property, to control expenditure, lowering of standards, so these are all related to

3、 the cost of this topic. In fact, the companies cut costs, all costs should not be without identification, indiscriminate white uniform. If a business manager to every expenditure appears to cut off the excess, it is likely this weakened the competitiveness of enterprises and thus affects the busine

4、ss, results of more harm than good. Therefore, managers should be the perspective of corporate strategy to control costs and avoid damage to the value of those core elements of the decision. Consequently, cost-plus strategy, it leads to strategic cost management topics.He suggested approach for dedi

5、cating resources to supplier cost management may seem cost prohibitive. However, the organizations studied unanimously agree that they receive extremely high returns on their investments in supplier cost management efforts. The money spent on supplier cost management efforts. The money spent on supp

6、lier should-cost analysis, supplier development, and other tools and approaches pays for itself many times over in terms of reducing costs and bottom-line prices paid to suppliers. for large fortune 500 companies, successful strategic cost management may mean the addition of dedicated personnel to f

7、ocus on supplier cost management. for smaller organizations which might not have as great an on-going need, or as great an asset base. So, what is strategic cost management? Strategy can be defined as the establishment of their fundamental long-term goals and to achieve the goals to take the necessa

8、ry action planning and resource allocation, is to guide the overall plans and strategies. The so-called strategic cost management from a strategic perspective to study the formation and control costs. In established under the principle of corporate strategy, in terms of cost management for the strat

9、egic choice and design, it will lead to the final delivery of business products and services to lower costs, not every part of Shang Du Zhuiqiu lowest cost. Includes two levels of content: one from a cost perspective, the selection and optimization of business strategy; Second, the implementation of

10、 cost control strategies. Strategic cost management thinking on strategic cost management theoretical framework of the general and summary, which determines the strategic cost management theory and methodology to start the basic ideas. In the background of the crisis under the cost-cutting, more Xuy

11、ao follow strategic cost management thinking, to have a choice cut, not important link in the conduct of large Ke Yi drastic cuts; and the related core competitive Lis Guanjianyaosu, but not rule out the possibility of expanding into so targeted, there are tight with loose, smart, cost-cutting, a sq

12、uare is not only lower costs, but also without prejudice to the company health and even enhance the core competitiveness of the ideal choice. The basic tools of strategic cost management cost management strategy has three elements: value chain analysis, strategic positioning analysis and cost driver

13、 analysis. They also analyzed in the framework of strategic management and cost factors closely related to the three basic analysis tools. (A) of the value chain analysis of each end product from initial raw materials into the hands until it reaches the final consumer, intermediate to go through num

14、erous interrelated operating procedures, these operating procedures is both a product of the production process, but it is also a value formation and value-added process to form the value chain (Value-chain). Value chain analysis can be divided into industry specific value chain analysis, value chai

15、n analysis and value chain analysis of competitors. Through the analysis of the industry value chain, we understand the position of enterprises in industry and trade situation and prospects; through its own analysis of the value chain, eliminate non-value-added factors, we can not affect the decline

16、 in cost competitiveness of the premise; by value chain analysis of the competitors, you can know ourselves and insight into the situation, and the resulting business cost management strategies. (B) the strategic positioning analysis. Strategic positioning means of selecting the means of competition

17、, and compete with rivals. Enterprises should first of all the internal and external environment in which their own detailed investigation of; then Queding enterprises are entering the Xing Ye Ying, based on the market by Shige Yijisuoxu Kaifa of products; finally determine to what strategy to ensur

18、e that enterprises in the selected industry, market and product stand firm in the defeat, to obtain profits above the industry average. To illustrate, such as cost leadership strategy, which is all a strategy most clearly? Under the guidance in this strategy, Enterprises goal is to become of its pro

19、perties to low-cost, Sheng Chan (services) Chang Shang, that is, offerings (or service) features, little quality difference in the conditions, cutting costs gain a competitive edge. If enterprises can create and maintain a comprehensive cost leader. That is as long as the price control in the indust

20、ry average or close to the average level, we can obtain better than average results of operations. With opponents equal to or lower price, the cost leader in low-cost advantage will translate into higher earnings. The difference between strategic requirements of enterprises leading the extensive att

21、ention on some aspects of customers in unique within the industry, or the difference in cost is difficult to further expand the circumstances, the production of more powerful than the competition, better quality, service and better products to show the difference between operating . Of course, this

22、difference should the buyer want or willing to accept. If a leader can be different, you can get the price premium paid, or in a certain price to sell more products, or cyclical, seasonal market access, such as shrinking the buyer loyalty during the corresponding benefits. Requirements between the l

23、ogic of a leading strategic business choices that are conducive to competition and make their own unique nature of the business, focusing on innovation. In addition to these, other common gathering strategies targeted strategic positioning, life cycle strategy and integration strategy and so on. (C)

24、 Cost Driver Analysis. Cost drivers is the driving force caused by production costs and causes of occurrence. Strategic cost driver is mainly a strategic cost management perspective, research on the companys cost structure and cost behavior of long-term impact of cost drivers. Theory of competitive

25、strategy to create a business management scientist Michael * Porter will be divided into ten areas of these factors, namely economies of scale, learning curve, production capacity, use the form, contact, mutual relations, joint, select the time, independent policy, geography factor in location and f

26、orm of government. Some scholars further strategic structural cost drivers and cost driver is divided into two types of implementation of cost drivers. The case of structural cost control, such as Southwest Airlines in response to competition, positioning its service route rather than the full route

27、 in a particular short-distance flights to avoid engaging in large-scale airport operations, to cancel dinner, reservation and other special services, and the establishment of automatic ticketing system and other measures to reduce costs. The results of many of its daily flights and low issue price

28、attracted a lot of short-range travelers, lead to the establishment of the final cost. Source:Shank. J.K and V. Govindarajan,1993.”We need strategic cost management” . Harvard business review. August.pp.112-135.译文：我们需要战略成本管理我们需要战略成本管理？就像之前提到的，全球的金融危机继续，金融危机的时段过去后，提高效率，降低成本，已成为许多公司的最终武器。因此，从欧洲到美洲，从全球

29、国内，解雇他人引起了很大波动。各企业开始管理各自的财产，控制开支，降低很多这些所有与费用标准相关的课题。事实上，公司降低成本费用不应毫无识别、不加选择。如果业务经理支出出现切断多余的，也是可能的，但这削弱了企业的竞争力，从而影响业务，结果弊大于利。因此，经理应该是从企业战略的角度来控制成本，避免损坏价值的核心要素。有些方法对供应商的成本管理资源为似乎是成本昂贵。然而,组织研究就是他们能达成一致极高的投资回报在供货成本管理的工作。钱花在供货成本管理的工作。供应商开发及其他工具和方法支付本身了多次从降低成本，最低的价格支付。大财富500强的公司、成功的战略成本管理可能意味着增加专门人员负责供应商成

30、本为更小的组织管理。可能没有尽可能高的持续的需要,或尽可能高的资产基地。那么，什么是战略成本管理？可以定义为建立他们的基本长期目标，必须采取必要的行动计划和资源配置，来引导整体计划。所谓的战略成本管理研究从战略角度提出了成本控制。在确定的原则下，企业战略成本管理的战略选择和设计将会导致最后的交货的商业产品和服务降低成本，但是并不是每一个部分都追求最低的成本。包括两个层面的内容：一个从成本角度来看，选择及优化经营战略的实施；第二，成本控制策略。战略成本管理思想的理论框架下的战略成本管理的一般方法和总结，决定了战略成本管理的理论与方法。在这一背景的危机下，更需要遵循战略成本管理思想，选择切割不重要

31、环节使费用急剧减少，但不排除这种可能扩大到影响企业目标实现，所以有紧松，聪明的削减成本，不仅仅是降低成本，关键是不损害公司健康，甚至提高核心竞争力的理想选择。战略成本管理有三个要素：价值链分析、战略定位分析、战略成本动因分析。战略管理框架与成本要素的三种基本的分析工具密切相关。(一)价值链分析：每个最终产品原料从最初的手直到到达最终消费者，中间穿过许多相关的操作程序，这些操作程序既是一个产品的生产过程，但是它也是一个价值形成和增值的过程，从而形成了价值链。价值链分析可分为行业特定价值链分析、价值链分析和价值链竞争者分析。通过分析产业价值链，我们理解这个位置企业在工业和贸易现状和前景下，通过自己

32、的价值链分析，消除必要因素，我们的利润并不会因为受到影响有所下降；通过价值链分析竞争对手，你就可以知道自己的情况，来引导经营成本管理对策。(二)战略定位分析。通过战略定位选择竞争方式。企业应首先详细调查自己的内部和外部环境，然后确定企业进入市场，立足市场，产品的开发以及顾客所需，最后决定什么样的策略，以确保企业在选定的产业和市场坚定的站稳脚跟，获得的利润在行业平均水平以上。例如，成本导向战略，该策略指导下，企业的特点就是服务，小品质差异条件、降低成本获得竞争优势！如果企业可以创建和维护自己的传送网络就是综合成本的领袖。只要价格控制在整个行业的平均或接近平均水平，我们就能获得比一般企业高的结果。

33、区别领先企业的战略要求各方面广泛重视行业内客户的独特需求，在不同的成本困难的情况下，进一步扩大生产更多的强大的优于竞争对手的更好的质量，服务和更好的产品区别运行。当然，这种差异是买方想要或愿意接受的。如果领导不同，你可以把价钱保险费，或在某一价格出售更多产品、周期性、季节性的市场准入，如收缩买方相应的好处。要求的主要业务战略之间选择有利于竞争的战略，使自身拥有独特的业务的特性。除了这些，还有其他常见的获取策略目标的战略定位，生命周期战略和一体化战略等。(三)战略成本动因分析。成本动因的推动力量造成的生产成本发生变动。战略成本动因主要是从战略成本管理的角度来看，研究长期影响公司的成本结构和成本习

34、性的成本动因。科学家麦克波特将竞争战略理论建立一个被分为十几个地区的商业管理，即这些要素的规模经济，学习曲线，生产能力，使用表格，联系、相互关系，联合，选择时间，独立的政策、地理因素等。一些学者进一步研究得出战略结构成本动因和成本的动因是分为两种类型的成本动因。在结构造价的情况下，西南航空公司所运用的战略，比如响应竞争、定位服务路线而不是完整的路线，由在一个特定的短途航班去避免参与大型机场操作，取消预订航班和其他的一些特殊的服务，并设立自动售票系统和其他措施，以降低成本。它的结果是日常航班和低发行价格吸引了大量的短程旅行者，节省了最终成本。出处:美米切尔，马赫，我们需要战略管理，Harvard

35、 商业杂志.1999(8): 112-135.五分钟搞定5000字毕业论文外文翻译，你想要的工具都在这里!在科研过程中阅读翻译外文文献是一个非常重要的环节，许多领域高水平的文献都是外文文献，借鉴一些外文文献翻译的经验是非常必要的。由于特殊原因我翻译外文文献的机会比较多，慢慢地就发现了外文文献翻译过程中的三大利器：Google“翻译”频道、金山词霸（完整版本）和CNKI“翻译助手。具体操作过程如下： 1.先打开金山词霸自动取词功能，然后阅读文献； 2.遇到无法理解的长句时，可以交给Google处理，处理后的结果猛一看，不堪入目，可是经过大脑的再处理后句子的意思基本就明了了； 3.如果通过Goog

36、le仍然无法理解，感觉就是不同，那肯定是对其中某个“常用单词”理解有误，因为某些单词看似很简单，但是在文献中有特殊的意思，这时就可以通过CNKI的“翻译助手”来查询相关单词的意思，由于CNKI的单词意思都是来源与大量的文献，所以它的吻合率很高。 另外，在翻译过程中最好以“段落”或者“长句”作为翻译的基本单位，这样才不会造成“只见树木，不见森林”的误导。四大工具： 1、Google翻译： google，众所周知，谷歌里面的英文文献和资料还算是比较详实的。我利用它是这样的。一方面可以用它查询英文论文，当然这方面的帖子很多，大家可以搜索，在此不赘述。回到我自己说的翻译上来。下面给大家举个例子来说明如

37、何用吧比如说“电磁感应透明效应”这个词汇你不知道他怎么翻译，首先你可以在CNKI里查中文的，根据它们的关键词中英文对照来做，一般比较准确。 在此主要是说在google里怎么知道这个翻译意思。大家应该都有词典吧，按中国人的办法，把一个一个词分着查出来，敲到google里，你的这种翻译一般不太准，当然你需要验证是否准确了，这下看着吧，把你的那支离破碎的翻译在google里搜索，你能看到许多相关的文献或资料，大家都不是笨蛋，看看，也就能找到最精确的翻译了，纯西式的！我就是这么用的。 2、CNKI翻译： CNKI翻译助手，这个网站不需要介绍太多，可能有些人也知道的。主要说说它的有点，你进去看看就能发现

38、：搜索的肯定是专业词汇，而且它翻译结果下面有文章与之对应（因为它是CNKI检索提供的，它的翻译是从文献里抽出来的），很实用的一个网站。估计别的写文章的人不是傻子吧，它们的东西我们可以直接拿来用，当然省事了。网址告诉大家，有兴趣的进去看看，你们就会发现其乐无穷！还是很值得用的。 3、网路版金山词霸（不到1M）： 4、有道在线翻译：翻译时的速度：这里我谈的是电子版和打印版的翻译速度，按个人翻译速度看，打印版的快些，因为看电子版本一是费眼睛，二是如果我们用电脑，可能还经常时不时玩点游戏，或者整点别的，导致最终SPPEED变慢，再之电脑上一些词典（金山词霸等）在专业翻译方面也不是特别好，所以翻译效果不

39、佳。在此本人建议大家购买清华大学编写的好像是国防工业出版社的那本英汉科学技术词典，基本上挺好用。再加上网站如：google CNKI翻译助手，这样我们的翻译速度会提高不少。具体翻译时的一些技巧（主要是写论文和看论文方面） 大家大概都应预先清楚明白自己专业方向的国内牛人，在这里我强烈建议大家仔细看完这些头上长角的人物的中英文文章，这对你在专业方向的英文和中文互译水平提高有很大帮助。 我们大家最蹩脚的实质上是写英文论文，而非看英文论文，但话说回来我们最终提高还是要从下大工夫看英文论文开始。提到会看，我想它是有窍门的，个人总结如下： 1、把不同方面的论文分夹存放，在看论文时，对论文必须做到看完后完全

40、明白（你重视的论文）；懂得其某部分讲了什么（你需要参考的部分论文），在看明白这些论文的情况下，我们大家还得紧接着做的工作就是把论文中你觉得非常巧妙的表达写下来，或者是你论文或许能用到的表达摘记成本。这个本将是你以后的财富。你写论文时再也不会为了一些表达不符合西方表达模式而烦恼。你的论文也降低了被SCI或大牛刊物退稿的几率。不信，你可以试一试 2、把摘记的内容自己编写成检索，这个过程是我们对文章再回顾，而且是对你摘抄的经典妙笔进行梳理的重要阶段。你有了这个过程。写英文论文时，将会有一种信手拈来的感觉。许多文笔我们不需要自己再翻译了。当然前提是你梳理的非常细，而且中英文对照写的比较详细。 3、最后一点就是我们往大成修炼的阶段了，万事不是说成的，它是做出来的。写英文论文也就像我们小学时开始学写作文一样，你不练笔是肯定写不出好作品来的。所以在此我鼓励大家有时尝试着把自己的论文强迫自己写成英文的，一遍不行，可以再修改。最起码到最后你会很满意。呵呵，我想我是这么觉得的。