英语国际音标教学指南.docx

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1、 元音（20个） 音标 辅音（28个） 一、 元音（20个） 单元音（12个） 长：i: a: : u: : 短： u e 双元音（8个） ei ai i u au i e u 二、辅音（28个）清辅音（10个）p t k f s t tr ts 发音时声 带不震动。浊辅音（10个）b d g v z d dr dz 几乎不送 气，声带震动。鼻音（3个）m n 发音时软腭下垂,使气流从鼻腔逸出而产生的一种 语音。似拼音（3个）h r l它们三个的发音非常相似。半元音（2个）w j语音学上指擦音中气流较弱，摩擦较小，介于元音跟 辅音之间的音。12英语音标及字母组合对照一、元音1) i: 发音字母

2、组合:ee ea e ie ei （eo ey i）three tree green sheep meet beef see seekeat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speakclean pleasehe she mepiece receive ceiling2) I 发音字母i y e ui u asit picture it is list six mix fix fit pig big build missmyth many twenty happy dictionarydefect decide delicious3) e 字母组合e

3、a e a （ue,u,ie,ai,ei,ay）head bread pleasureelephant electric remember sell shell lesson betterbed desk hotel yesmany any 4) 发音字母abag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad blackback glad flag shall man5) : 字母组合ir ur ear er orgirl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third birdturn burn murder nurse turtle Thursd

4、ay burgerlearn earn earth heardterm her nerd servework worm work world6) 字母组合er or ou ar o a e uteacher leader remember player speaker farmer powderdoctor actor mayor author tractordelicious gracious pleasurefamiliar collar dollartogether tomorrow today shallop lesson Washingtoncontrol politearound

5、account ago elephant manta banana CanadaJapan chinamen listenfamulus Saturday7) a: 字母组合ar acar farm card arm gardenfast class last glass plant aunt calm8) 发音字母u o ou ooup supper lunch fun gun hunt cup buscome mother dose brother love abovetrouble rough flourishblood flood9) : 字母组合al or au our arsmal

6、l wall talk tall hall ball call walkshort more lord horse for forty sport door floor storeauthor caught autumnfour mourn court boughtwarm quarrel quarter10) 发音字母o a ouhot lost lot fox box mop hop loss collar notwant wash watch11) u: 字母组合oo o ufood moon room gloom broom doom goose toothshoe do twotru

7、e truth blue full prude12) u 字母组合oo ou u olook good foot book woodshould couldput full bull pull pushwoman wolf13) ei 发音字母a ay ea ai eyname cake late gate plane Aprilplay say may waygreat breakrain paint plainthey grey14) ai 发音字母i ybike fine find die nine light night high my try fly eye15) 字母组合oy oi

8、boy toy joy oil soil voice choice16)u 发音字母o ow oahome cold go no phone host ghostknow low below grow blow show flowboat coat goal 17)au 字母组合ou owhouse out flour ground account count sound loudaround mouse flower down now cow how town18) i 字母组合eer earbeer deer ear near here fierce idea19) e字母组合ear ai

9、r erepear bear chair air fair there where care20) au字母组合our owerhour tower flower shower21） u 字母组合 ooPoor tour二、辅音1) p pen pear play pig pour pull push2) b book big boot bike bread break3) t tree two ten ton town twenty city4) d door dull desk dose do dog dictionary5) k king kite key look cook book

10、kitchen sky (发音字母k)card cat cream correct climb come account accept (发音字母c)fox box oxygen x-ray (发音字母x)school schedule schema (字母组合ch)6) g girl good goal goat grade long language7) m man make moon morning move come comb8) n pen ten nine fine night noon moon clean9) uncle bank English think thank jun

11、ksing king morning evening10) l long land lend lord fly flag blackworld cold could goal soul11) r read red right run room write12) f five fly fine flag frog fog roof knife life wife （发音字母f）cough laugh rough（发音字母gh）physic photo phone (发音字母ph)13) v very evening even every voice vest(发音字母v)of (字母f)14)

12、s six sit student same seat kiss miss case scarf (发音字母s)license city cease cedar ceiling celebrate (发音字母c)licence piece juice science lance space ace (字母组合ce)15) z zoo zebra zero zap (发音字母z)close nose hose suppose pause those whose (发音字母se)16) think thank three thirty tooth mouth17) that this those

13、these though18) sheep shoulder ship shoe she brush wash (发音字母sh)nation attention stationsocial special sure19) pleasure20) h hot hop home house horse how who21) w when what where window wind wood22) j yes year yell you your yolk yellow23) t child chicken china chair lunch ouch teach (发音字母组合ch）catch

14、watch match （发音字母组合tch)24) d age language cabbage vegetable stage bridgejoy enjoy join July June junk25) tr tree country try treat track trunk26) dr dry dream drop drive drink27) ts students boots boats goats nuts28) dz goods woods moods hoodsl 容易混淆的辅音v w vest west vet wet vine wine very wells sink

15、think mass math miss myth sort soughtz close cloth breeze breathen thin thing sin sing ran rang ban bang win wing三、关于语音的几个概念:音素: 音的最小单位,英语中有48个音素.音节: 由元音和辅音构成的发音单位.元音: 发音响亮,是乐音,口腔中气流不受阻碍,是音节的主要组成部分.英语中有20个元音. 辅音: 发音不响亮,是噪音,口腔中气流受到阻碍,不是音节的重要组成部分,英语中有28个辅音.开音节: 1)辅音+元音+辅音+不发音e kite cake name bike make

16、 take home plane shine2)辅音+元音 he hi go no do be tree three hello闭音节: 1)辅音+元音+辅音 sit bed bad bag hot hop let mad map head2)元音+辅音 it is of in on up out ant三、字母，组合音节发音规律1）a ei a: late private grade bake grape nation station pageactive hand bank fan parent family glad flagaccept about above formative ma

17、chine cinemafast last glass class past fatherwash what watch want2）e i: e i 不发音 appreciate extremely secret she me heletter left message generate pebbledecide pretty previous result restoreproblem prosperous student confidentactive table late wife store lecture3）i ai ihigh price library ice cream wi

18、fe size linefist pick chicken piano fianc city unit4）o lode host cold note okay old homelose do who whose provelove some other mother honey companytoday tomorrow together control collectlost hot mock office soft honest5）u ju u university refuse unique universe hugeput push pull full bullbut brush bu

19、cket duck bubblesupport suggest6）c k scountry camp camera courage cablecity ceiling celebrate cell cease7）g g girl grade glass glade bag flagvillage vegetable bridge gentleman gymlong song sing morning evening8) l l 读音不同listen learn language collect English gorillaworld cold soil tall sell cool anim

20、al9) n n moon night noodle numberuncle hungry angry young10) r r (美语发音)right read write grade progresscard board door floor form north11）y j i aiyellow year yell young yolkuniversity country pretty happydyke dying fly buy by my12）ar a: farm card garden markdollarwarm quarrel quarter13) ea i: e ei ce

21、ase season breathe feature meat pleasebread breast breath meadow weathergreat breakidea realize14) ear learn earth earn heardhear near clear ear fear15) er deserve serve her personteacher driver anger singerserious experience mysterious fierce16） ere here mere fere serethere17) ir aishirt girl skirt

22、admire desire18) oo u: u room tool cool moon noon goof foodgood foot stood wood wool cook wood bookblood flooddoor floor19) or short form corn born forwork world worm word worsttractor doctor actor sector senior senator20) oor door floormoor poor boor21) our hour tour flour bourn lourpour court four

23、 mourn22) ou au house mouth mouse sound foundenough trouble touchdelicious gracious prosperous23) ow auwindow meadow know show lownow town how down cow24) se z snose suppose gose lose pose rosemouse house25) th W Tthank think thought clothclothes that this then than26) sion propulsion tension progression passionprotrusion provision conclusion television27) tion (不常见)station nation translation attention question