英语实用文体写作系列-英语应用文写作课程讲义.doc

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1、英语应用文写作课程讲义- - Unit 1Introduction to Practical English WritingOverview of Unit 1I. Importance of Practical English Writing1. Practical writing is often ignored.2. It is the requirement of future work.3. Practical writing involves regular varieties of English.II. Varieties of English (语体)1. by situat

2、ions2. by status3. functions4. timeIII. Practical English WritingOral literatureWritten non-literatureIV. Characteristics of Practical English Writing1. regularity in form2. simplicity in style3. briefness in contentI. Importance of Practical English WritingAs the Internet enters the average home, E

3、nglish has been receiving greater and greater attention in China. Although English has been taught in China as a foreign language for dozens of years, most students seem to learn English for examinations only. They might be skilled in reading, but few can speak fluent English or write well for pract

4、ical purposes. Thats one of the main reasons we should learn practical English writing. Another reason is that, as English majors, you will have to get prepared for future work and studies. When you want to go abroad for advanced studies, you will have to produce many documents, including forms, res

5、ume and letters. When you meet strangers, you may send them personal cards for further contact. When you travel in English-speaking countries or guide a foreign sightseeing tour, you should present them with an English tourist guidebook. When you are asked to write English documents for different pr

6、actical purposes, you should be able to do that. And so on and so forth. A third reason is that practical writing is quite different from general writing. It has several characteristics of its own. This is what the teacher will help you to get familiar with, with the result that each of you can writ

7、e well for practical purposes.II. Varieties of EnglishLanguage varies in form and structure from place to place, from time to time. Such changes in different situations are referred to as varieties of English. By situations, English can fall into formal and informal; by places, English can fall into

8、 British English and American English, even Chinese English; by levels of living, English can fall into many levels characteristic of special social classes; by functions, English can be divided into scientific English, legal English, religion English, literature, news report, advertisements, etc.;

9、and by time, English can also be divided into Old English (449-1100), Middle English (1100-1500) and Modern English (1500-).III. Practical English WritingWhen we speak of practical English writing, we refer to the varieties of English for practical purposes. As we know, English falls into two fundam

10、ental types: written English and oral English. Practical English writing, in a broad sense, belongs to the former, but it is non-literature. In practice, practical English writing is only part of non-literature written English. It is generally referred to as those common written documents for specia

11、l purposes and in regular forms. Among the practical English writing, the common are as follows: personal or business letter, notice, telegram, telex, contract, advertisement, etc. In addition, some large types of PEW will not be included in our course, and will be dealt with as an independent cours

12、e. They are business English, tourist English and academic English thesis writing, etc.IV. Characteristics of Practical English WritingJust as its name implies, practical English writing lays emphasis on practice. It is this practicability that distinguishes it from either spoken English or literatu

13、re composition. The characteristics of practical English writing include the following.One fundamental characteristic of practical English writing is that each type has a regular form. As stylized documents, practical writing is both standard and stable. Another one is its simplicity in style. Diffe

14、rent from literature, practical writing pays special emphasis on what is meant to transmit. Except for such special documents as contracts, practical writing is simple in style.A third characteristic lies in its briefness in form. The rapid pace is characteristic of modern work and life. Therefore,

15、people have been paying more and more attention to efficiency. To save time, people usually put complex thought into simple words by brief forms. Unit 2 Note-Writing Note-writing is what is required in TEM-4, in which a note of about 50-60 words will be based on the given situation. We write notes f

16、or all kinds of purposes, and note-writing varies from type to type. Generally speaking, a note is something like a short letter, but simpler in form and often less formal in language. I. Key Elements of a Note: The date (A note is usually written for the sake of time saving, therefore without the y

17、ear, or even without the day of the week.) The Name of the Receiver (The name of the person to whom the note is written is certain to be included, but usually without the word “Dear”.) The message which the note is written to reveal The Name of the Writer (Certainly the note will have to tell who wr

18、ites it.) II. Key Features of Note-Writing: Simple in form (A note involves few elements and usually takes up only a few lines. In spelling, we often use the abbreviated names of the months; the given name and family name are seldom used together, i.e., either is OK.) Informal in style (Here polite

19、greetings are unnecessary, i.e., we usually address somebody disrespectfully by name without an honorific title. We seldom use “Dear”, “Sincerely yours”.) Brief and precise in content (On the one hand, only the key points are included in a note, in which to write is to express. On the other hand, th

20、e message must be precise in expression, especially when exact numbers are involved, e.g., time and phone number.) III. Samples of Note-Writing IV. Follow-Up Practice III. Samples of Note-Writing 1. A Note of Appointments June 3 Jane, Wed like to have an outing 8 oclock a.m. on Saturday, June 4. Cou

21、ld you join us and enjoy the spring on Mount Baiyun? Drinks and dessert are ready. Just remember to bring an umbrella. Fisherman 2. A Note of Apologies Jan. 4 Betty, Id like to express my apologies for not being able to take part in your birthday party, for it happens to be my turn to be on duty and

22、 will have to work till 8 oclock tomorrow morning. Happy birthday to you! May every day be sunny for you in the coming year! John 3. A Note of Informal Invitations May 3 Dr. David, We are to hold an English speech contest in Room 506, Building 2 at 2 p.m. on Friday, May 4. The contest would last abo

23、ut 3 hours. We would be very happy if you could be one of the judges. Foreign Languages Dept. 4. A Note of Requests July 14 Prof. Smith, Id like to know your comments on the outline of my academic paper before I begin my first draft. Could you give me some suggestions by email or post your comments

24、on the Guestbook on your Web Page? Looking forward to your reply. Thank you! Li Nan 5. A Note of Thanks Sept. 24 Janson, Id like to express my great gratitude towards your warm hospitality during my short stay in Shaoguan. I enjoyed the visit very much. Looking forward to your visit to my hometown n

25、ext summer holiday. Give my sincere regards to your whole family! Cosine 6. A Note of Messages Oct. 15 Alison, A Mr. Ted left a rose for you at the Service Desk. He said he wouldnt lose heart although you refused to let him in. He would come tomorrow and the day after tomorrow until you accept his r

26、ose and heart. Butterfly 7. A Note for Saying Good-bye Nov. 23 Dear Betty, I will leave for Shanghai at 8:00 a.m. this morning. It is a pity that I cant see you to say goodbye before leaving for home. I have enjoyed my stay here, thank you very much for the kindness, hospitality and the trouble you

27、have taken on my behalf. Please remember me to your husband. Yours ever, Green IV. Follow-Up Practice 1. Write a note to your classmate Hughes, making an appointment for an outdoor activity at weekend. 2. You failed to buy a book for your friend Bob. Write him a note of apologies. 3. Your birthday i

28、s around the corner and you are arranging for your birthday party. Write a note of informal invitations, asking your close friend Alison to attend. 4. Write a note to borrow some references from your tutor so that you can make it in your academic thesis writing. 5. Write a note of thanks for the hos

29、pitality by the hostess of an evening party. 6. Write a note, celebrating the birthday of Uncle Jim, whom you love dearly. 7. Write a note of congratulations on your boyfriends winning the first prize in the speech contest. 8. Write a note to your teacher, asking for leave in his/her class today. 9.

30、 You have joined an online work group, pursuing a study of English literature. But you will have to put your whole heart into the preparation for TEM-4 in a month. Write a note on the Guestbook to express your regret for not being absent by the end of the month. 10. Write a note to transmit a phone

31、message, which you can make up when necessary.Unit 3 Basic Knowledge of English Letters 2003-09-11 Overview of this lecture: I. Communication Means Review Question 1: What is communication? Question 2: What communication means can you list? Question 3: Will letters give place to such electronic ones

32、 as E-mail? II. Features of Letters 1. Authentic language of emotion 2. No time limitations 3. Sense of security 4. Distinct personality III. Formats of the Envelope Question 1: Have you seen or received letters from abroad? Question 2: What do you think of the formats of the English envelope? 1. Tw

33、o Main Styles full block (齐头式) indented form (缩行式) 2. Similarities and Differences between English and Chinese Envelopes IV. Formats of English Letters 4.1Friendly or Personal Letters 4.2Business Letters 4.3How to Fold a Standard Letter 4.4Punctuations in Letter Writing 4.5Capital Letters in Letters

34、 V. Follow-up Practice Unit 6 Letters of Congratulation2003-09-25Overview of this lecture:I. USEFUL EXPRESSIONS II. SAMPLE III. TIPS IV. EXERCISE: WORDS, PHRASES AND SENTENCE PATTERNS V. SOMETHING FOR NOTHING GOODIES & GIFTS VI. Practice 2. Greetings at a festivala) Rich blessings for health and abu

35、ndant happiness in my wish for you in the coming year!b) May every day be sunny and fruitful for you in the new year.c) Merry Christmas and a wonderful world of enjoyment.d) This is to wish you and all yours a Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year.3. You deserve Ita) This is a marvelous achievement,

36、though no more than you deserve.b) I am very happy to see your work for/ your abilities recognized in this way.c) I know that your enthusiasm and experience are the very qualities that are needed for this position.d) I am delighted that your talent and hard work have been rewarded.4. Best Wishes for

37、 the Futurea) I wish you every success.b) All the very best for the future.c) I rejoice in your good future. d) May your future be as successful as you have always been.II. SAMPLESample 1: Letter of congratulation addressed by Mr. Adrian Nastase, Prime Minister of Romania to Mr. Richard B. Cheney, V

38、ice President of the United StatesJanuary 30, 2003Dear Mr. Vice President,I have the distinct pleasure to convey to you, on the occasion of your birthday, my most sincere wishes of good health, happiness and joy beside your family and friends, as well as of full success in fulfilling the complex res

39、ponsibilities of your mission. I greatly respect and admire your work and leadership in support of the efforts President George W. Bush and the whole US Administration are undertaking to defend homeland security, fight terrorism and threat of weapons of mass destruction, especially those in hands of

40、 repressive regimes. I would like to assure you of the readiness of the Romanian Government to support the United States in its actions to make sure Iraq disarms and complies with all UN requirements. Please accept, Mr. Vice President, my warmest congratulations on your birthday and the assurance of

41、 my sincere friendship and support.Sincerely yours,Adrian Nstase(signature)The Honorable Richard B. CheneyVice President of the United StatesOffice of the U.S. Vice PresidentSample 2: Letter of Congratulations from Mr. William J. Hybl, President of United States Olympic CommitteeLetter October 6, 19

42、98 Mr. Leon Stukelj P.O. Box 492 Shrub Oak, CY 10588 Dear Mr. Stukelj On behalf of the United States Olympic Committee, it is with great honor that I extend to you best wishes and congratulations as you celebrate 100th Birthday, on November 12th. As the oldest living Olympian, your accomplishments a

43、s a 17-time Olympic and World Championship Medalist, in addition to your commitment to the Olympic Movement on an international level, are a tribute to the true meaning of sportsmanship and fair play. Best regards, William j. Hybl William J. Hybl PresidentSample 3: Dear David, I have just heard that

44、 you have been appointed Regional Manager for the Middle East. Looking back on your activities so far, I know that your enthusiasm and experience are the very qualities that are needed for this position. I wish you every success in managing the affairs of the branch.My colleagues join me in sending

45、you our warmest congratulations. With kindest regards, Yours, John Bonds Signature Questions: Why dose Mr. Bonds congratulate David? According to Mr. Bonds, what qualities does David possess which make him the right person for this position? Who joins Mr. Bonds in sending their congratulations?Sampl

46、e 4: Dear Ms Hahn,Your appointment to the Board gives me great pleasure, and I offer you my congratulations. I am delighted that your talent and hard work have been rewarded.I had hoped that I might be able to congratulate you in person, but I am shortly going on holiday. When I return next month I will contact you and I hope we shall have the opportunity of celebrating. In the meantime, I wish you every success. Yours sincerely, Paul Procter