实用英语语法教程-第八章-非限定动词ppt课件.ppt





《实用英语语法教程-第八章-非限定动词ppt课件.ppt》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《实用英语语法教程-第八章-非限定动词ppt课件.ppt(53页珍藏版)》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。
1、采用PP管及配件:根据给水设计图配置好PP管及配件,用管件在管材垂直角切断管材,边剪边旋转,以保证切口面的圆度,保持熔接部位干净无污物第八章第八章 非限定动词非限定动词 o 1不定式o 2. 动名词o 3. 分词采用PP管及配件:根据给水设计图配置好PP管及配件,用管件在管材垂直角切断管材,边剪边旋转,以保证切口面的圆度,保持熔接部位干净无污物1. 不定式 1.1不定式的基本用法 不定式在句子中可以充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语以及宾语补足语等。(1)不定式作主语。例如:To hesitate means failure. 当主语较长而谓语较短时,常用it 作形式主语,不定式短语则放在谓语的
2、后面。例如:It took me three days to bring this work to an end.It is better to be envied than to be pitied.(2)不定式作表语。例如:To know everything is to know nothing. 采用PP管及配件:根据给水设计图配置好PP管及配件,用管件在管材垂直角切断管材,边剪边旋转,以保证切口面的圆度,保持熔接部位干净无污物 当句子的主语为aim(目的),ambition (志愿),duty (责任),function(功能),goal(目标), idea (想法),intenti
3、on(意图),objective(目的), plan (计划),purpose(目的), reason(理由),suggestion (建议),wish (愿望)等抽象名词时,常常用不定式作句子的表语。例如: The goal of the exchange program is to promote the understanding between the two countries.Her suggestion is to look into the matter immediately.采用PP管及配件:根据给水设计图配置好PP管及配件,用管件在管材垂直角切断管材,边剪边旋转,以保证切
4、口面的圆度,保持熔接部位干净无污物(3)不定式作宾语。例如:Mr. Smith promised to buy his son a birthday gift. 常跟不定式作宾语的动词有:afford(负担得起),agree(同意),aim(目标是),apply(申请),ask(要求),attempt(试图),beg(恳求),consent(同意),decide(决定),demand(要求),determine(决心),expect(期待),fail(未能),hope(希望),intend(打算)等。 不定式充当宾语时,如果后面再接一个宾语补足语,则需要用it作形式宾语,而将不定式移到补语后面
5、。例如:Tom found it hard to achieve the goal his parents set for him.This has made it necessary for us to apply for a new licence.采用PP管及配件:根据给水设计图配置好PP管及配件,用管件在管材垂直角切断管材,边剪边旋转,以保证切口面的圆度,保持熔接部位干净无污物(4)不定式作宾语补足语。例如:I encouraged the students to ask more questions in class.常用不定式作宾语补足语的动词有: advise(劝告),allow
6、(允许),ask(要求),beg(乞求),cause(引起),command(命令),compel(迫使),encourage(鼓励),expect(期望),force(迫使),get(使得),instruct(指示),intend(打算),invite(邀请),order(命令),permit(允许),persuade(说服),prefer(宁愿),press(迫使),remind(提醒),request(要求),tell(告诉)等。采用PP管及配件:根据给水设计图配置好PP管及配件,用管件在管材垂直角切断管材,边剪边旋转,以保证切口面的圆度,保持熔接部位干净无污物(5)不定式作定语,例如:
7、They had their families to support. This is the only way to break open the box. 下面的一些名词后常跟不定式作定语: ability(能力),agreement (同意),ambition(志向),anxiety(渴望),attempt(试图)campaign(运动),claim(宣称),chance(机会),decision(决定),determination(决心),eagerness(急切),effort(努力),inclination(倾向,爱好),intention(意图),impatience(不耐烦)
8、一些词组如the first, the second, the last, the best, the only thing, the most suitable等后面也常跟不定式作定语。例如: He is always the first to answer questions. Is a solicitor the best person to advise me about buying a house?采用PP管及配件:根据给水设计图配置好PP管及配件,用管件在管材垂直角切断管材,边剪边旋转,以保证切口面的圆度,保持熔接部位干净无污物(6)不定式作状语表示目的(为了加强语势,还可用in
9、 order to/ so as to来引导不定式),例如:The whole family went to the beach to spend their weekend. 表示结果(有时在不定式前加上only,表示出乎意料或令人不愉快的结果),例如:A few days later he came back only to find that the troops had left.表示原因,例如:We shall be very happy to cooperate with you in the project.表示条件,例如:How can you catch the train
10、to start so late? 采用PP管及配件:根据给水设计图配置好PP管及配件,用管件在管材垂直角切断管材,边剪边旋转,以保证切口面的圆度,保持熔接部位干净无污物【注】不定式作状语时,要注意so as to 和soas to 的区别。 so as to 引导的是目的状语,相当于in order to, 表示“以便”;而soas to引导是结果状语,so后面跟形容词或副词,表示“到这种程度以致”。例如:You have to do twelve courses so as to obtain the degree.He spoke so eloquently as to move us
11、to tears.(7)不定式作独立成分(相当于句子状语),例如: To make a long story short, this film is rather fantastic. To tell the truth, I dont like his dinning etiquette at all.此类不定式短语常见的有:to begin with (首先),to make matters worse(更糟糕的是),to put it straight (直截了当地说),to put it in another way(换句话说),to be honest(老实说),to sum up(
12、总而言之)等。采用PP管及配件:根据给水设计图配置好PP管及配件,用管件在管材垂直角切断管材,边剪边旋转,以保证切口面的圆度,保持熔接部位干净无污物1.2 不定式的时式和语态 不定式有一般、进行、完成和完成进行四种时式,一般式和完成式有被动语态变化形式(见下表):采用PP管及配件:根据给水设计图配置好PP管及配件,用管件在管材垂直角切断管材,边剪边旋转,以保证切口面的圆度,保持熔接部位干净无污物1.2.1 不定式的时式 不定式的时式包括不定式的一般式、完成式、进行式和完成进行式四种。(1)如果不定式的动作发生在句子的谓语动词的动作之后,或与句子的谓语动词的动作同时发生,通常使用不定式的一般式。
13、例如:Mike decided to work hard this semester.He is pleased to be my friend.(2) 如果不定式表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作发生在同一时间,而不定式由动态动词充当,通常要用不定式的进行式。例如:They seemed to be watching TV.The boys seem to be getting along quite well.采用PP管及配件:根据给水设计图配置好PP管及配件,用管件在管材垂直角切断管材,边剪边旋转,以保证切口面的圆度,保持熔接部位干净无污物(3) 如果不定式表示的动作发生在句子的谓语动词表示
14、的动作之前,通常使用不定式的完成式。例如:They are said to have finished the project two months before.They claimed to have shot down 22 planes. (4) 如果不定式表示的动作发生在句子的谓语动词表示的动作之前,并且该动作一直在进行着,通常使用不定式的完成进行式。例如:Tom was happy to have been staying with his uncle.He was too young to have been working for ten years.采用PP管及配件:根据给水
15、设计图配置好PP管及配件,用管件在管材垂直角切断管材,边剪边旋转,以保证切口面的圆度,保持熔接部位干净无污物1.2.2 不定式的语态(1)不定式有主动语态和被动语态两种。如果不定式的逻辑主语是不定式动作的承受者,则要用不定式的被动态。例如:Its an honor for me to be invited to speak here.He is said to have been elected monitor of class two.The football star refused to be photographed.(2)在某些结构及习惯用法中,常用不定式的主动态表示被动含义。例如:
16、The old man is hard to convince.This fruit is not fit to eat in this season.There is so much work to do. 采用PP管及配件:根据给水设计图配置好PP管及配件,用管件在管材垂直角切断管材,边剪边旋转,以保证切口面的圆度,保持熔接部位干净无污物1.3 不定式的其他要点1.3.1 “It is + 形容词 + for (或 of) + sb.+ 不定式”句型这一句型中,for(或of)引导的是不定式的逻辑主语。一般情况下用for引导,但下列表示人物特征的形容词常用of 搭配:bold (胆大的),
17、 brave(勇敢的), careful(小心的), clever(聪明的), considerate(体贴的),foolish(愚蠢的), generous(慷慨的),nice(好的), rash(鲁莽的)等。例如:It is hard for him to get rid of his bad habit. It will be important for us to attend the meeting. Its careless of you to make such a mistake. 采用PP管及配件:根据给水设计图配置好PP管及配件,用管件在管材垂直角切断管材,边剪边旋转,以保
18、证切口面的圆度,保持熔接部位干净无污物1.3.2 分裂不定式在to和动词原形之间插入修饰不定式的副词叫分裂不定式,这种结构可清楚地表明副词是修饰不定式而不是其他。例如:He failed to entirely/ fully/ completely understand it. 1.3.3 不带to的不定式(1)当不定式充当一些感知动词以及使役动词的宾语时一般不带to。这类词有:feel, observe, hear, watch, perceive, listen to, see, look at, make, let, have等。例如:The old couple like to wat
19、ch the children play.The general manager let his secretary type a business correspondence.【注】这些动词用于被动式时,后面要跟带to的不定式。采用PP管及配件:根据给水设计图配置好PP管及配件,用管件在管材垂直角切断管材,边剪边旋转,以保证切口面的圆度,保持熔接部位干净无污物(2)在do nothing/anything/everything/but, can/ could not but, do nothing (else) than, would/ had soonerthan, would/ had
20、 ratherthan等习惯用法中。例如:She did nothing but weep last night.Ill do anything but apologize to him.The enemy could do nothing else than surrender.采用PP管及配件:根据给水设计图配置好PP管及配件,用管件在管材垂直角切断管材,边剪边旋转,以保证切口面的圆度,保持熔接部位干净无污物 (3)当句子的主语含有实意动词do时,充当表语的不定式常可省 略to。例如:The first thing he did on his return to his hometown
21、was (to) visit his school teachers.All she can do is scare us to death. (4)充当help的宾语或宾语补足语的不定式可带to,也可不带to 例如:Salt even help relieve itching. Computers can help us (to) deal with the knowledge explosion in many ways.采用PP管及配件:根据给水设计图配置好PP管及配件,用管件在管材垂直角切断管材,边剪边旋转,以保证切口面的圆度,保持熔接部位干净无污物1.3.4 不定式的否定式不定式的否
22、定式是not + to do。例如:It would be unwise not to strive for a good education.不努力争取接受良好的教育是不明智的。She went in quietly so as not to wake the baby.她静悄悄地进去,以防把婴儿弄醒。Paul appears never to say “no” to anyone.保罗似乎从没对谁说过“不”。采用PP管及配件:根据给水设计图配置好PP管及配件,用管件在管材垂直角切断管材,边剪边旋转,以保证切口面的圆度,保持熔接部位干净无污物1.3.5 “疑问词不定式”结构 不定式前面可加上
23、where, how, what, whichwhether, when, whom等疑问词,这个结构可作主语、宾语、表语和同位语等。例如:How to improve oral English is often discussed among the students.I dont know what/ which/ who(m) to choose.We pain little attention to where to hold the meeting.采用PP管及配件:根据给水设计图配置好PP管及配件,用管件在管材垂直角切断管材,边剪边旋转,以保证切口面的圆度,保持熔接部位干净无污物1
24、.3.6 “介词关系代词不定式”结构这种结构一般充当名词的定语,作用类似于定语从句。例如:Yet now he had no pretext on which to prolong his stay.现在他没有借口来延长他的逗留时间。It was a good season in which to have outings.这是一个短途游玩的好季节。采用PP管及配件:根据给水设计图配置好PP管及配件,用管件在管材垂直角切断管材,边剪边旋转,以保证切口面的圆度,保持熔接部位干净无污物2. 动名词 2.1 动名词的基本用法动名词主要起名词的作用,可在句子中充当主语、表语、宾语、同位语和定语等。(1
25、)动名词作主语。例如: Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。Not being tall is not a serious disadvantage in life.The lighting of fires is forbidden.(2)动名词作表语。例如:My hobby is playing the piano.采用PP管及配件:根据给水设计图配置好PP管及配件,用管件在管材垂直角切断管材,边剪边旋转,以保证切口面的圆度,保持熔接部位干净无污物2.3.2既可跟动名词又可跟不定式作宾语的动词这些动词又可分为两类:(1)其后跟动名词还是不定式意义有本质区别。例如:chanc
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 实用英语 语法 教程 第八 限定 动词 ppt 课件

限制150内