英国皇室历史ppt课件.ppt

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1、The history of British royal familykingdom of England kingdom of England （8711707） The monarchy（君主） of the Kingdom of England began with Alfred the Great and ended with Queen Anne, who became Queen of Great Britain when England merged with Scotland to form a union in 1707. Kingdom of Great BritainKi

2、ngdom of Great Britain（1707170718011801） (Scotland and England)The United Kingdom of Great Britain and The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandNorthern Ireland（18011801presentpresent） (England, scotland and Northern Ireland ) There have been 12 monarchs of Great Britain and the Unite

3、d Kingdom. A new Kingdom of Great Britain was formed on 1 May 1707 with the merger of the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of Scotland, which had been in personal union under the House of Stuart since 24 March 1603.On 1 January 1801, Great Britain merged with the Kingdom of Ireland to form the Uni

4、ted Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Its name was amended on 12 April 1927 to the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. 1 House of Wessex (8291016) 2 House of Denmark(10131066） 3 House of Normandy（10661154） 4 House of Plantagenet（or House of Anjou）（11541399） 5 House of Lancaster

5、（13991461 ） 6 House of York（14611485） 7 House of Tudor（14851603 ） 8 House of Stuart （16031714 ） 9 House of Hanover (17141901)10 House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (19011917)11 House of Windsor (1917present)The first house in Britishs historyHouse of Wessex（威塞克斯王朝） Alfred the Great （阿尔弗雷德大帝）was King of W

6、essex from 871 to 899.Alfred successfully defended his kingdom against the Viking attempt at conquest, and by the time of his death had become the dominant ruler in England.He is the only English monarch to be accorded the epithet the Great.Alfred was the first King of the West Saxons to style himse

7、lf King of the Anglo-Saxons.King William I the Conqueror（10281087) （威廉一世） usually known as William the Conqueror(征服者威廉）and sometimes William the Bastard, was the first Norman King of England, reigning（统治） from 1066 until his death in 1087. William I was one of the most important king in the middle a

8、ge.William I led the greatest chapter of the Norman conquest : conquer the Kingdom of England.(征服英格兰王国）Henry VIII （亨利八世）was King of England until his death. Besides his six marriages, Henry VIII is known for his role in the separation of the Church of England from the Roman Catholic Church.（与罗马天主教会决

9、裂） His disagreements with the Pope led to his separation of the Church of England from papal authority.He became the Supreme Head of the Church of England.(英国教会的最高负责人） Mary I (1516 1558) （玛丽一世）was the Queen of England and Ireland until her death.During her five-year reign, she had over 280 religious

10、 dissenters burned at the stake in the Marian persecutions.（五年的统治期间,她有280多宗教反对者死于火刑。）Her executions of Protestants（新教徒） caused her opponents（对手） to give her the sobriquet（绰号） Bloody Mary.（“血腥玛丽”）Elizabeth I of England（伊丽莎白一世）Elizabeth I was Queen of England and Ireland until her death.Sometimes call

11、ed The Virgin Queen, (童贞女王）or Good Queen Bess（好女王贝丝）,the childless Elizabeth was the last monarch of the Tudor dynasty.Elizabeths reign is known as the Elizabethan era. The period is famous for the flourishing of English drama（英国戏剧的繁荣）, led by playwrights such as William Shakespeare, and for the sea

12、faring prowess of English adventurers（英国冒险家的航海能力） such as Francis Drake. Englands defeat of the Spanish Armada（打败西班牙无敌舰队） in 1588 associated Elizabeth with one of the greatest military victories in English history.Queen Victoria（维多利亚女王）Victoria (1819 1901) was Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Br

13、itain and Ireland until her death. Her reign of 63 years and seven months, which is longer than that of any other British monarch and the longest of any female monarch in history, is known as the Victorian era. It was a period of industrial, cultural, political, scientific, and military change within the United Kingdom, and was marked by a great expansion of the British Empire. She was the last British monarch of the House of Hanover. House of Windsor(温莎王朝）George VI（乔治六世）Elizabeth II（伊丽莎白二世） 伊丽莎伊丽莎白二世白二世加冕照加冕照PrinceGeorge AlexanderLouiseThank you for your attention