复习PPT课件-简单句和并列句.ppt

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1、英语句子的种类英语句子的种类简单句简单句 (simple sentence)并列句并列句 (compound sentence)复合句复合句 (complex sentence)句句 子子简单句简单句一一: (主谓主谓)二二: (主系表主系表)三三: (主谓宾主谓宾)四四: (主谓间宾直宾主谓间宾直宾)五五: (主谓宾宾补主谓宾宾补)六：六：There be句型句型并列句并列句复合句复合句形容词性从句形容词性从句名词性从句名词性从句副词性从句副词性从句定语从句定语从句主语从句主语从句宾语从句宾语从句表语从句表语从句同位语从句同位语从句状语从句状语从句and, but, or, so简单句简单句

2、 (simple sentence)只包含一个主谓一个主谓结构Mary opened the door.两个主语和一个谓语Steve and his friend are coming to dinner. 一个主语和两个谓语Mary opened the door and greeted the guests.简单句的简单句的六种基本句型六种基本句型英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型掌握这五种基本句型, 是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。一一: (

3、主谓主谓)二二: (主系表主系表)三三: (主谓宾主谓宾)四四: (主谓间宾直宾主谓间宾直宾)五五: (主谓宾宾补主谓宾宾补)六：六：There be句型句型(1) 主语主语+连系动词连系动词+表语表语(S+V+P ) The weather is very cold.(2) 主语+不及物动词(S+Vi ) He laughed.(3) 主语+及物动词+宾语(S+V+O ) I like Chinese food. (4) 主语主语+及物动词及物动词+间接宾语间接宾语+直接宾语直接宾语(S+V+IO+DO)She taught them physics.(5) 主语主语+及物动词及物动词+宾语

4、宾语+宾语补足语宾语补足语(S+V+O+C)We must keep the room warm.*There be 结构结构: There be 表示表示存在有存在有。这里的这里的there没有实际意义没有实际意义, 不可与副词不可与副词there那里那里混淆。混淆。 此结构后跟名词此结构后跟名词, 表示表示“(存在存在)有某事物有某事物”。试比较试比较: There is a boy there. (那儿有一个男孩那儿有一个男孩)前一个前一个there无实意无实意, 后一个后一个there为副词为副词那里那里。a.You are sitting on the train home.b.Th

5、ere comes the bus !c.The egos potential for expansion is limitless.a.Breckenridge hosts the international Snow Sculpture Championships.a.There existed a nation in the ocean.a.Our neighbors gave us a baby bird yesterday.b.We think it our duty to study well.判断下列句子属于何种句式判断下列句子属于何种句式2. 2. 更正下列句子的错误更正下列句

6、子的错误Exercises :Exercises :1. He came the room. 2. The music sounds. 3. I have seen. 4. He gave a pen me. 5. The boss made the boy to work hard. 6. My father bought a book to me. 1. He came into the room 2. The music sounds wonderful 3. I have seen the film.4. He gave a pen to me. 5. The boss made th

7、e boy work hard. 6. My father bought a book for me . Exercises :Exercises :3. 3. 翻译下列句子并分析句子结构：翻译下列句子并分析句子结构：1. 1. 我经常在早晨读英语。我经常在早晨读英语。 2. 2. 玛丽是个聪明的学生。玛丽是个聪明的学生。3. 3. 我的老师交给我一封信我的老师交给我一封信 4. 4. 我母亲经常叫我努力学习。我母亲经常叫我努力学习。5. 5. 我们叫我们的老师王先生我们叫我们的老师王先生 6. 6. 他正在房里做家庭作业。他正在房里做家庭作业。1. I often read English

8、in the morning. 2. Mary is a clever student. 3. My teacher gave me a letter. 4. My mother often asks me to study hard. 5. We call our teacher Mr. Wang. 6. He is doing his homework in the room. 主主 + + 谓谓 + + 宾宾主主 + + 系系 + + 表表 主主 + + 谓谓 + + 双宾双宾 主主+ + 谓谓 + + 宾宾 + +宾补宾补主主+ + 谓谓 + + 宾宾 + + 宾补宾补主主 + + 谓

9、谓 + + 宾宾a. b. c. d. e. 1. Pleas tell us a story. _2. She smiled. _3. I have a lot work to do. _4. His job is to train swimmers. _5. He noticed a man enter the room. _6. Please look at the picture. _daebec1 英语句子必须有谓语动词。英语句子必须有谓语动词。他像他爸爸。他像他爸爸。 这本书值得一读。这本书值得一读。 我反对你的意见。我反对你的意见。五种基本句型的推导：五种基本句型的推导：2 一个

10、句子内一个句子内有且只有一个有且只有一个动词充当谓语（并列谓动词充当谓语（并列谓语除外），其余动词应为语除外），其余动词应为非谓语或从句的谓语非谓语或从句的谓语。他给我一些水喝。他给我一些水喝。He is like his father.The book is worth reading.Im against you.He gave me some water to drink.3 英语的任何句子都由六种种基本句型构成。英语的任何句子都由六种种基本句型构成。它是我们判断句子正确与否的标准，是英语它是我们判断句子正确与否的标准，是英语写作、阅读写作、阅读的基础。的基础。4 注意基本句型与注意基本

11、句型与习惯表达习惯表达。今天我玩得很开心。今天我玩得很开心。 时间不够了。时间不够了。Today I played happily.I had a good time today.Time was not enough.We had not enough time.并列句(compound sentence):把两个或几个简单句用并列连词连接起来，则成为一个并列句。常用并列连词常用并列连词coordinating conjunctionsv平行并列连词平行并列连词: v转折并列连词：转折并列连词：v因果并列连词因果并列连词: v选择并列连词选择并列连词:and, bothand, not on

12、ly but also, neithernorbut, still, yet, however, while, when, whereas, nevertheless for, so, thereforeor, eitheror, otherwise1.This is mine and that is hers.2.These shoes are not cheap but they are good.3.Either you are to be blame or she is.4.He was tired; still she kept on working.5.He wants to go

13、 to the party; however she has no ticket.6.Make a move and I will shoot.特别形式的并列句：特别形式的并列句：1. 祈使句+and /then +简单句，表示顺承关系。Work hard, and youll make progress. 努力学习，你就能取得进步。此句型也可与if引导的条件状语从句进行转换。If you work hard, youll make progress. 2. 祈使句+or +简单句，表示转折关系。Hurry up, or you cant catch the bus. 快点，否则你就赶不上公共

14、汽车了If you dont hurry up, you cant catch the bus. 如果你不快点，你就赶不上公共汽车了。复合句:主句+从句主句是一个完整的句子(independent sentence),它可以独立存在。从句是一个不完整的句子,它必须和一个主句连用，不能独立存在.复合句复合句形容词性从句形容词性从句名词性从句名词性从句副词性从句副词性从句定语从句定语从句状语从句状语从句主语从句主语从句宾语从句宾语从句表语从句表语从句同位语从句同位语从句1.This is his father, and he works in He Fei.2.He told me a story

15、 yesterday, and I think it is very interesting.This is his father, who works in He Fei.He told me a story yesterday, which I think is very interesting1.It is certain that she will do well in her exam.2.Do you know (that) he has joined the army?3.We think it highly probable that he is dead.4.My decis

16、ion is that all of us are to start at 6 oclock.5.There is a feeling in me that well never know a UFO is -not ever.6.I have no idea whether the meeting will be held. The problem is whether the meeting will be held.7.When the film ended, the people went back.8.The moment I heard the voice, I know he w

17、as coming.9.SinceNow that everybody is here, lets begin our meeting.10.I will speak slowly so that you can understand me .Whether you believe it or not, it is true.请用所学知识改正下列病句v My roommate was sleeping, we didnt want to wake her up.v I went to bed. Because I was tired.My roommate was sleeping . We

18、didnt want to wake her up.My roommate was sleeping, so we didnt want to wake her up.I went to bed because I was tired.句句 子子简单句简单句一一: (主谓主谓)二二: (主系表主系表)三三: (主谓宾主谓宾)四四: (主谓间宾直宾主谓间宾直宾)五五: (主谓宾宾补主谓宾宾补)六：六：There be句型句型并列句并列句复合句复合句形容词性从句形容词性从句名词性从句名词性从句副词性从句副词性从句定语从句定语从句主语从句主语从句宾语从句宾语从句表语从句表语从句同位语从句同位语从句状

19、语从句状语从句and, but, or, soExercises a.What lovely children are !b.What a fine weather it is !c.There used to have an old temple over there.d.Come here a moment, do you?e.To try some of this juice- perhaps youll like it .f. May you happy!g.Tom, cleans the window this afternoon.h.He looked sad at me.改错：改

20、错：they are !be willbe happy !cleansadlyExercises :注意逻辑关系注意逻辑关系1. Give him an inch hell take an ell. A. but B. and C. for D. so 2. did the students dance, their teacher sang. A. Neither or B. Either or C. Bothand D. Not onlybut also3. Feathers fall to the ground slowly stones fall much faster. A. and

21、 B. while C. but D. yet 4. We must get up early tomorrow, well miss the first bus to the Great. A. however B. but C. or D. so 6. I thought wed be late for the concert, _ we ended up getting there ahead of time.7. Search the website of the Fire Department in your city, _you will learn a lot about Fir

22、efighting.8. They were surprised that a child should work out the problem _they themselves couldnt.butandwhile5. He worked hard, he failed. A. while B. and C. so D. yet9. I was just about to lie down to rest _I saw a snake in the grass.when单项选择单项选择1. I heard Yang Yan make an English speech at the gr

23、aduation ceremony yesterday._, and _.A. So she did; so did I B. So did she; so I didC. So she was; so I was D. So was she, so I was2. What a nice T-shirt! Can I have it, Mom?Well, it really looks nice, _I think its too expensive.A. but B. as C. for D. or3. _Henrys mother _his father speaks English.

24、They both speak Chinese.A. Either; or B. Neither; nor C. Both; and D. Not only; but alsoAAB句子的连接和标点符号句子的连接和标点符号1、句号连接两个并列句子，第二个句子的首字母大、句号连接两个并列句子，第二个句子的首字母大 写。写。 My name is Tom. I am five.2、分号连接两个并列分句，第二个句子的首字母不大写。、分号连接两个并列分句，第二个句子的首字母不大写。 Tom is five; he studies in a primary school.3、引号前用逗号而不用冒号，英语

25、中没有书名号。、引号前用逗号而不用冒号，英语中没有书名号。 Tom said, “ The movie Titanic is wonderful!”重点：逗号的运用。重点：逗号的运用。1、逗号连接内部结构，即句子的状语（从句），定语、逗号连接内部结构，即句子的状语（从句），定语（从句），同位语（从句）插入语等。（从句），同位语（从句）插入语等。1). Since he is ill he is absent.2). To save class time our teacher has us students do half of the exercises in class.3). Polar

26、 bears live mostly on sea ice which they use as a platform for hunting seals. 4). The workers most of them women are from the country.请为下列句子加上逗号。请为下列句子加上逗号。，2. 逗号加连词相当于句号，连接两个逗号加连词相当于句号，连接两个并列句子。并列句子。I am five, and I study in a primary school.Translate the sentences (注意标点）注意标点）:我走进教室我走进教室，看见他正在读书看见他正在读书，我没有打我没有打扰他扰他，拿了书就出了教室拿了书就出了教室。When I came into the classroom, I saw him reading. I took my book and went out, without interrupting him.