2022年初中英语动词专题 .pdf
《2022年初中英语动词专题 .pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《2022年初中英语动词专题 .pdf(10页珍藏版)》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。
1、动词动词的含义动词是表示动作或状态的词,在句子中做谓语。 动词的基本形式:动词原形、过去式、现在分词和过去分词。动词的种类 : 类别特点举例及物动词( vt )跟宾语I like music. 不及物动词( vi )不跟宾语 It rained last night. 系动词跟表语 I am a doctor. She is a nurse. We are very happy. 助动词跟动词原形或分词I dont like playing basketball. I have seen this movie before. 情态动词跟动词原形She can speak Japanese. 动
2、词时态一般现在时(3种结构)表示 经常性、习惯性的动作;或 普遍真理、客观事实;或某种 状态 。“主谓(宾)”结构Peter always spends too much time playing computer games. Alice usually goes to school by bus in the morning. I like listening to classical music. “There be ”结构There is a map on the wall. There are some birds in the sky. “主系表”结构It s very cold
3、today. The earth is bigger than the moon. My father is a teacher. 动词第三人称单数名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 1 页,共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - 一般过去时(3种结构)表示发生在过去的动作。在一般过去时的句子中, 动词必须用过去式. 动词过去式及 过去分词的构成规则变化构成法词例(1) 一般情况下加 ed work - worked - worked play - played
4、 - played (2) 以 e 结尾的,加 d live - lived - lived like - liked - liked (3) 以“辅音字母 + y” 结尾的, 改 y 为i , 再加 ed. study - studied - studied cry - cried - cried (4) 以重读闭音节或 r 音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母的词,要双写这个辅音字母,再加 ed. stop - stopped - stopped prefer - preferred - preferred refer-referred-referred occur-occurred-occu
5、rred 不规则变化(参考课本)一般过去时常见的提示: yesterday; the day before yesterday; last(week/ month/ 动词特征构成例词一般动词词尾加 s like-likes 以 ch,sh,s,o,x结尾记忆技巧:吃 (ch)蛇(sh,s)后喝 XO 词尾加 es teach-teaches do-does go-goes wash-washes pass-passes mix-mixes fax-faxes(发送传真 ) 以 y 结尾辅音字母 +y, 变 y 为 i ,再加 es study-studies carry-carries try
6、-tries 元音字母 +y, 直接加 s play-plays stay-stays say-says 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 2 页,共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - year/Sunday -)this -;just now; - ago; after -; when - 等等。注:当谓语动词是行为动词时,肯定句用动词的过去式表达,构成疑问句或否定句时,需借助 did 或 didn t 构成,谓语动词要还原成原形。例如:I went to
7、 the zoo yesterday. My mother didnt go to the park last weekend. Did Jim come to see you last night? . 现在进行时表示目前正在发生或进行的动作。(只有延续性动词有进行时;非延续性动词没有进行时)主语 + 系动词( am / is / are )+ 现在分词现在分词的构成构成法词例(1) 一般情况下加 ing. work - working; learn - learning (2) 以 e 结尾的,去掉 e,再加 ing. live - living; take - taking (3) 以重
8、读闭音节或 r 音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母的词,要双写这个辅音字母,再加 ing. sit - sitting; stop - stopping chat - chatting; refer - referring (4) 以 ie 结尾的,要改 ie 为y,再加 ing. tie - tying; lie - lying 现在进行时的标志:Look; Listen; now; at the moment / at present Look. Alice is reading a magazine over there. Listen . Peter is singing a Chine
9、se song. Aliceistalking to Peter now. I m learning Japanese at the moment. 特殊情况 : 非延续性动词没有进行时 ,它们的 现在分词形式表示将来时 。主语 + ( am / is / are ) + 非延续性动词的现在分词:表示将来时 。I m going to school now. Mary is leavingfor New York soon. Spring Festival is coming.I m arriving in Beijing. 过去进行时表示在过去的某时正在发生或进行的动作。主语 + 系动词(
10、was / were )+ 现在分词David was doing his homework at 8 oclock yesterday. I was doing my homework at his time yesterday. Tom was having breakfast when Mary called him. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 3 页,共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - 一般将来时表示将要发生的动作,或计划或打算作某事。主语
11、 + will + 动词原形主语 + ( am / is / are ) + going to + 动词原形主语 + ( am / is / are ) + 非延续性动词的现在分词:例如:I will tell you the good news. John is going to visit Hangzhou next week. My father is coming to Qingdao tomorrow. 一般将来时常见的提示: tomorrow; the day after tomorrow; next week; in the future; in three days; this
12、 evening, soon, at the end of this term 一般将来时的用法1.表示将来的动作或状态。例如:We will get to Shanghai tomorrow. 2.在“祈使句 +and/or+ 句子”这个结构中, “句子”用一般将来时。例如:Get up early, and you will catch the early bus. Hurry up, or you will be late for school. “be going to+动词原形” 与“ will+动词原形”be going to和will在一般情况下可以互换,但是在下列情况下将来时要
13、用will。说明例句带有意愿色彩I will help you later. 问对方是否愿意或客气的邀请或命令Will you please close the door? Will you go with me? 在时间、条件状语从句中,如果主句是一般将来时,用will Mr. Wang will come if it doesnt rain. He will call us as soon as he gets to Hong Kong. 过去将来时名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - -
14、 - - - 第 4 页,共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - 表示在过去的某时计划或打算作某事。 ( 间接引语 / 宾语从句 ) 主语 + would + 动词原形主语 + ( was / were ) + going to + 动词原形主语 + ( was / were ) +非延续动词的动名词例如:I thought you would help the old man. Mary was going to take part in this meeting. He said he was leaving for Hong Kong. 现在完成时含义:现在完成时表示“ 过去的
15、动作对现在所造成的结果或影响”. 汉语译文中经常含有“已经”、“曾经”、“还没有”等词语. 构成:主语 + have / has + 过去分词例如:I have seen this movie before. (结果:我了解这部影片的内容 ) He has had a good education. (结果:他的知识水平很高 ) 现在完成时常见的标志: so far / up to now ; recently ; in recent years ; before ; in the past / in the last / over the past / over the last since
16、 / for: 既可以用于“现在完成时”, 也可以用于“现在完成进行时”. already / yet / ever / never / before: 既可以用于“现在完成时”, 也可以用于“过去完成时” . I have already finished the work. / I have just finished the work. Have you finished the work yet ? I haven t finished my work yet. 延续性动词与非延续性动词延续性动词可以接一段时间;非延续性动词后面 不能接一段时间, 如果要接一段时间, 就必须把非延续性动
17、词替换成相应的 延续性动词 . come - be here He came here two hours ago. He has been here for two hours. go - be out/ be away They went out an hour ago. They have been out for an hour. leave - be away Tom left ten minutes ago. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 5 页,共 1
18、0 页 - - - - - - - - - Tom has been away for ten minutes. buy - have I bought this dictionary 10 years ago. I have had this dictionary for 10 years. begin-be on The film began five minutes ago. The film has been on for five minutes. 某些延续性动词(如: look for, watch, wait for, live, work, develop, teach, le
19、arn, study,rain等)与 since或 for连用时,表示“从过去的某一时刻起, 一直持续到现在的动作”,它们的“现在完成时”可以与“现在完成进行时”互相替换。He has lived here for 20 years. He has been living here for 20 years. have been to 表示“曾经去过 -”: I have been to Beijing before. have gone to 表示“已经去了 -”: They have gone to Japan. 过去完成时主语 + had + 过去分词表示在过去的某个动作之前发生的动作
20、- “过去的过去”. By the end of last month, we had learned 12 English songs. By the time he got home, all the guests had left. When they arrived at the railway station,the train had already left. Before I went to bed,I had finished reading that book. After I had finished reading the book,I went to bed. “by
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 2022年初中英语动词专题 2022 年初 英语 动词 专题
限制150内