2022年小学六年级英语语法要点及习题 2.pdf

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1、1 小学英语语法要点及习题一、名词复数规则1一般情况下，直接加 -s ，如： book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds 2以 s. x. sh. ch结尾，加 -es，如： bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches 3 以 “ 辅音 字 母 +y” 结 尾 ， 变 y 为 i, 再 加-es ， 如 ： family-families, strawberry-strawberries 4以“f或 fe ”结尾，变 f 或 fe 为 v, 再加-es ，如： knife-knives 5 不 规

2、则 名 词 复 数 ： man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice ，child-children ，foot-feet, tooth-teeth，fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese 6.合成词单复数变化规则1)以不可数名词结尾的复合名词无复数形式。例如：homework, newspaper等。2)以man 或 woman 为前缀的名词变复数时，前后两个名词都变成复数。例如：woman doct

3、or women doctors, man waitermen waiters.7.集体名词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数。例如：peoplepolice等本身就是复数，不能说a people ，a police，但可以说 a person ，a policeman， the English，the British，the French ，the Chinese ，the Japanese ，the Swiss 等名词，表示国民总称时，作复数用，如The Chinese are industries and brave. 中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。写出下列各词的复数I _him _this _her

4、 _ watch _child _photo _diary _ day_ foot_ book_ dress _ tooth_ sheep _box_ strawberry _ thief _ peach_ sandwich _ man_ woman_ paper_ juice_ water_ milk_ rice_ tea_ 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 19 页 - - - - - - - - - 2 二、一般现在时一般现在时基本用法介绍【No. 1

5、 】一般现在时的功能1. 表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。2. 表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。3. 表示客观现实。如： The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。一般现在时的构成1. be 动词：主语 +be(am,is,are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。2. 行为动词：主语 +行为动词 (+其它)。如：We study English.我们学习英语。当主语为第三人称单数 (he, she,it)时，要在动词后加 -s 或-e

6、s 。如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。一般现在时的变化1. be 动词的变化。否定句：主语 + be + not +其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。一般疑问句： Be +主语+其它。如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, Im not. 特殊疑问句：疑问词 +一般疑问句。如： Where is my bike? 2. 行为动词的变化。否定句：主语 + dont( doesnt ) +动词原形 (+其它)。如：I dont like bread. 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesnt构成否定句。如：H

7、e doesnt often play. 一般疑问句： Do( Does ) + 主语+动词原形 +其它。如：- Do you often play football? - Yes, I do. / No, I dont. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 19 页 - - - - - - - - - 3 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does 构成一般疑问句。如：- Does she go to work by bike? - Yes, she does.

8、/ No, she doesnt. 特殊疑问句：疑问词 +一般疑问句。如： How does your father go to work? 动词+s 的变化规则1一般情况下，直接加 -s ，如： cook-cooks, milk-milks 2 以 s. x. sh. ch. o 结尾， 加-es， 如： guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes 3以“辅音字母 +y”结尾，变 y 为 i, 再加-es，如： study-studies 一般现在时用法专练 : 一、 写出下列动词的第三人称单数drink _ go _ stay _

9、make _ look _ have_ pass_ carry _ come_ watch_ plant_ fly _ study_ brush_ do_ teach_ 二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1. He often _(have) dinner at home. 2. Daniel and Tommy _(be) in Class One. 3. We _(not watch) TV on Monday. 4. Nick _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday. 5. _ they _(like) the World Cup? 6. What _they oft

10、en _(do) on Saturdays? 7. _ your parents _(read) newspapers every day? 8. The girl _(teach) us English on Sundays. 9. She and I _(take) a walk together every evening. 10. There _(be) some water in the bottle. 11. Mike _(like) cooking. 12. They _(have) the same hobby. 13. My aunt _(look) after her ba

11、by carefully. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 19 页 - - - - - - - - - 4 14. You always _(do) your homework well. 15. I _(be) ill. Im staying in bed.16. She _(go) to school from Monday to Friday. 17. Liu Tao _(do) not like PE. 18. The child often _

12、(watch) TV in the evening. 19. Su Hai and Su Yang _(have) eight lessons this term. 20. What day _(be) it today? It s Saturday.三、按照要求改写句子1. Tom watches TV every evening.(改为否定句 ) _ 2. I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答) _ 3. She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答) _ 4. Amy likes playing computer games.(

13、改为一般疑问句，作否定回答) _ 5. We go to school every morning.(改为否定句 ) _ 6. He speaks English very well.(改为否定句 ) _ 7. I like taking photos in the park.(对划线部分提问 ) _ 8. John comes from Canada.(对划线部分提问 ) _ 9. She is a good student.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答) _ 10. Simon and Daniel like going skating.(改为否定句 ) _ 名师资料总结 - - -精品资

14、料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 4 页，共 19 页 - - - - - - - - - 5 五、改错 ( 划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上) 1. Is your brother speak English? _ 2. Does he likes going fishing? _ 3. He likes play games after class. _ 4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. _ 5. She don t do her homework on Sundays

15、. _三、现在进行时1 现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。2现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词 ing. 3现在进行时的否定句在be 后加 not 。4现在进行时的一般疑问句把be 动词调到句首。5现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：疑问词不达意 + be + 主语 + 动词 ing? 但疑问词当主语时其结构为：疑问词不达意 + be + 动词 ing? 动词加 ing 的变化规则1一般情况下，直接加ing ，如： cook-cooking 2以不发音的 e 结尾，去 e 加 ing ，如：make-making, taste-tas

16、ting 3如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母， 再加 ing ，如：run-running, stop-stopping 现在进行时专项练习：一、写出下列动词的现在分词：play_ run_ swim _make_ go_ like_ write_ _ski_ read_ have_ sing _ dance_ put_ see_ buy _ love_ live_ take_ come _ get_ stop_ sit _ begin_ shop_ 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精

17、心整理 - - - - - - - 第 5 页，共 19 页 - - - - - - - - - 6 二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：1.The boy _ ( draw)a picture now. 2. Listen .Some girls _ ( sing)in the classroom . 3. My mother _ ( cook )some nice food now. 4. What _ you _ ( do ) now? 5. Look . They _( have) an English lesson . 6.They _(not ,water) the flowers n

18、ow. 7.Look! the girls _(dance )in the classroom . 8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _(listen ) to music. 9. Its 5 o clock now. We _(have)supper now10._Helen_(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is . 三、句型转换：1. They are doing housework .(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句) _ _ 2The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑问句并

19、作肯定和否定回答) _ _ 3I m playing the football in the playground .(对划线部分进行提问 ) _ 4Tom is reading books in his room . (对划线部分进行提问 ) _ 四、将来时理论及练习一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语： tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等。二、基本结构： be going to + do； will+ do. 三、 否定句： 在 b

20、e 动词 （am, is, are） l 后加 not 或情态动词 will后加 not 成 won t 。名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 6 页，共 19 页 - - - - - - - - - 7 例如：I m going to have a picnic this afternoon. I m not going to have a picnic this afternoon. 四、一般疑问句： be 或 will提到句首， some改为 any, and改为

21、or，第一二人称互换。例如：We are going to go on an outing this weekend. Are you going to go on an outing this weekend? 五、对划线部分提问。一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。1. 问人。Who 例如：I m going to New York soon. Who s going to New York soon. 2. 问干什么。 What do. 例如： My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon. What is y

22、our father going to do with you this afternoon.3. 问什么时候。 When. 例如：She s going to go to bed at nine. When is she going to bed? 六、同义句： be going to = will I am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天） . = I will go swimming tomorrow. 练习：填空。1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_ _ _ have a picnic with my friends. I _ have a picnic

23、 with my friends. 2. 下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球。What _ _ _ _ _ next Monday? I _ _ _ play basketball. What _ you do next Monday? I _ play basketball. 3. 你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。_ your mother _ _ go shopping this _? Yes, she _. She _ _ _ buy some fruit. 4. 你们打算什么时候见面。What time _ you _ _ meet? 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料

24、欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 7 页，共 19 页 - - - - - - - - - 8 改句子。5. Nancy is going to go on a picnic.（改否定）Nancy _ going to go on a picnic. 6. I ll go and visit them.（改否定）I _ go _ visit them. 7. I m going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改一般疑问句） _ _ _ to get up at 6:30 to

25、morrow? 8. We will meet at the bus station at 10:30.（改一般疑问句）_ _ meet at the bus station at 10:30. 9. She is going to listen to music after school.（对划线部分提问）_ _ she _ _ _ after school? 10. My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.(同上) _ _ going to see a play the day after to

26、morrow. 用所给词的适当形式填空。11. Today is a sunny day. We _ (have) a picnic this afternoon. 12. My brother _ (go) to Shanghai next week. 13. Tom often _(go) to school on foot. But today is rain. He _ (go) to school by bike. 14. What do you usually do at weekends? I usually _ (watch) TV and _(catch) insects?

27、15. Its Friday today. What _she _ (do) this weekend? She _ (watch) TV and _ (catch) insects. 16. What _ (d0) you do last Sunday? I _ (pick) apples on a farm. What _ (do) next Sunday? I _ (milk) cows. 17. Mary _ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow. 18. Liu Tao _ (fly) kites in the playground yesterday.

28、 19. David _ (give) a puppet show next Monday. 20. I _ (plan) for my study now 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 8 页，共 19 页 - - - - - - - - - 9 五、一般过去时1 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。2Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：am 和 is 在一般过去时中变为was。（w

29、as not=wasnt ）are 在一般过去时中变为were。（were not=weren t ）带有 was或 were 的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are 一样，即否定句在was或 were 后加 not，一般疑问句把was或 were 调到句首。3句中没有 be 动词的一般过去时的句子否定句： didn t + 动词原形，如： Jim didn t go home yesterday.一般疑问句：在句首加did ，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。如：Did Jim go home yesterday? 特殊疑问句：疑问词 +did+ 主语+动词原形？如： What did

30、 Jim do yesterday? 疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？如：Who went to home yesterday? 动词过去式变化规则：1一般在动词末尾加 -ed，如： pull-pulled, cook-cooked 2结尾是 e 加 d，如： taste-tasted 3末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed ，如：stop-stopped 4以“辅音字母 +y”结尾的，变 y 为 i ， 再加-ed，如： study-studied 5不规则动词过去式：am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw,

31、say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote,draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, swim-swam, sit-sat 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第

32、9 页，共 19 页 - - - - - - - - - 10 过去时练习写出下列动词的过去式is/am_ fly_ plant_ are _ drink_ play_ go_ make _ does_ dance_ worry_ ask _ eat_ draw_ put _eat_ throw_ pass_ do _ Be动词的过去时练习（ 1）一、 用 be 动词的适当形式填空1. I _ at school just now. 2. He _ at the camp last week. 3. We _ students two years ago. 4. They _ on the f

33、arm a moment ago. 5. Yang Ling _ eleven years old last year. 6. There _ an apple on the plate yesterday. 7. There _ some milk in the fridge on Sunday. 8. The mobile phone _ on the sofa yesterday evening. 二、 句型转换1. It was exciting. 否定句： _ 一般疑问句： _ 肯、否定回答： _ 2. They were in his pocket. 否定句： _ 一般疑问句： _

34、 肯、否定回答： _ 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 10 页，共 19 页 - - - - - - - - - 11 Be动词的过去时练习一、用 be 动词的适当形式填空1. I _ an English teacher now. 2. She _ happy yesterday. 3. They _ glad to see each other last month. 4. Helen and Nancy _ good friends. 5. The little

35、 dog _ two years old this year. 6. Look, there _ lots of grapes here. 7. There _ a sign on the chair on Monday. 8. Today _ the second of June. Yesterday _ the first of June. It _ Children s Day. All the students _ very excited. 行为动词的过去时练习一、用行为动词的适当形式填空1. He _ (live) in Wuxi two years ago. 2. The cat

36、 _ (eat) a bird last night. 3. We _ (have) a party last Halloween. 4. I _ (make) a model ship with Mike yesterday. 5. They _ (play) chess in the classroom last PE lesson. 6. My mother _ (cook) a nice food last Spring Festival. 7. The girls _ (sing) and _ (dance) at the party. 二、句型转换1. Su Hai took so

37、me photos at the Sports day. 否定句： _ 一般疑问句： _ 肯、否定回答： _ 2. Sam went to school early. 否定句： _ 一般疑问句： _ 肯、否定回答： _ 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 11 页，共 19 页 - - - - - - - - - 12 3. We sang some English songs. 否定句： _ 一般疑问句： _ 肯、否定回答： _ 行为动词的过去时练习（2）一、用 be

38、动词的适当形式填空1. I _ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday. 2. Her father _ (read) a newspaper last night. 3. We _ to zoo yesterday, we _ to the park. (go) 4. _ you _ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival? 5. _ he _ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he _. 6. What _ she _ (find) in the garden last morning? She _

39、 (find) a beautiful butterfly. 二、句型转换1. They played football in the playground. 否定句： _ 一般疑问句： _ 肯、否定回答： _ 三、中译英1. 斯玛特先生去年住在中国。 _ 2. 昨天我们参观了农场。 _ 过去时综合练习（ 1）一、 用动词的适当形式填空1. It _ (be) Amys birthday last Friday.2. We all _ (have) a good time last night. 3. He _ (jump) high on last Sports Day. 4. She li

40、kes _ newspapers, but she _ a book yesterday. (read) 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 12 页，共 19 页 - - - - - - - - - 13 5. He _ football now, but they _ basketball just now. (play) 9. I _ (watch) a cartoon on Monday. 10. We _ (go) to school on Sunday. 过去

41、时综合练习（ 2）一、 用动词的适当形式填空1. It _ (be) the 2nd of November yesterday. Mr Smart _ (go) to his office by car. 2. Gao Shan _ (put) the book on his head a moment ago. 3. Don t _ the house. Mum _ it yesterday. (clean)4. What _ you _ just now? I _ some housework. (do) 5. They _ (make) a kite a week ago. 6. _

42、he _ the flowers this morning? Yes, he _. (water) 7. She _ (be) a pretty girl. Look, she _ (do) Chinese dances. 8. The students often _ (draw) some pictures in the art room. 六、形容词的比较级复习及练习一、形容词的比较级1、形容词比较级在句子中的运用：两个事物或人的比较用比较级，比较级后面一般带有单词 than。比较级前面可以用more, a little 来修饰表示程度。 than 后的人称代词用主格（口语中可用宾格）。

43、2形容词加 er 的规则：一般在词尾加 er ；以字母 e 结尾，加 r ；以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加er ；以“辅音字母 +y”结尾，先把 y 变 i ，再加 er 。3不规则形容词比较级：good-better, beautiful-more beautiful 三、练习一) 、写出下列形容词的比较级old_ young_ tall_ long_ 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 13 页，共 19 页 - - - - - - -

44、- - 14 short_ strong_ big_ small_ fat_ thin_ heavy_ light_ nice_ good_ beautiful_ 二) 、根据句意填入单词的正确形式：1. My brother is two years _(old)than me. 2. Tom is as _(fat) as Jim. 3. Is your sister _(young) than you? Yes,she is. 4. Who is _(thin),you or Helen? Helen is. 5. Whose pencil-box is _(big),yours or

45、hers? Hers is. 6. Mary s hair is as _(long) as Lucys.7.Ben _ (jump) _ (high) than some of the boys in his class. 8.My eyes are _(big) than _ (she). 9.Which is _(heavy),the elephant or the pig? 三) 、翻译句子：1、谁比 Jim 年纪大？_ is _than Jim？2、谁比 David 更强壮？_ _ than David? 3、谁的铅笔更长，他的还是她的？_ pencil is _,_or_？4、谁的

46、苹果更重，你的姐姐的还是你的弟弟的？我的弟弟的。 _ apples _ _,your _ or your _? My _ _. 七、There be 句型与 have, has的区别1、There be 句型表示：在某地有某物（或人）2、 在 there be 句型中，主语是单数，be 动词用 is ; 主语是复数，be 动词用 are ; 如有几件物品， be 动词根据最近 be 动词的那个名词决定。3、there be 句型的否定句在 be 动词后加 not , 一般疑问句把 be 动词调到句首。4、there be句型与 have(has) 的区别： there be 表示在某地有某物（

47、或人）；名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 14 页，共 19 页 - - - - - - - - - 15 have(has) 表示某人拥有某物。5、some 和 any 在 there be 句型中的运用： some 用于肯定句， any 用于否定句或疑问句。6、and 和 or 在 there be句型中的运用： and 用于肯定句， or 用于否定句或疑问句。7、针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：How many + 名词复数 + are there + 介词

48、短语？How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 介词短语？8、针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：Whats + 介词短语？Fill in the blank with “have,has ”or “there is , there are” 1. I_a good father and a good mother. 2. _a telephone on the desk. 3. He_a radio. 4. _a basketball in the playground. 5. She_some dresses. 6. They_a nice garden（花园） . 7

49、. What do you_? 8. _a reading-room in the building? 9. What does Mike_? 10. _any books in the bookcase? 11. My father_a story-book. 12. _a story-book on the table. 13. _any flowers in the vase? 14. How many students_in the classroom? 15. My parents_some nice pictures. 16. _some maps on the wall. 17.

50、 _a map of the world on the wall. 18. _many children on the hill. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 15 页，共 19 页 - - - - - - - - - 16 用恰当的 be 动词填空。1、There a lot of sweets in the box. 2、There some milk in the glass. 3、There some people under the the big tr