2022年钻井专业英语题库 .pdf

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1、油田生产事业部专业英语题库（中级部分）一、专业词汇 英汉互译 ：1.Crane Operator 吊车司机2.Roustabout 甲板工3.Head of Roustabout 甲板长4.Floorman/roughneck 钻工5.Derrickman 井架工6.Assistant Driller 副司钻7.Driller 司钻8.Junior Toolpusher 值班队长9.Senior Toolpusher 高级队长10. Rig Manager 平台经理11. Safety Supervisor 安全监督12. Captain 船长13. chief supervisor 总监14

2、. cleaning man 清洁工15. drilling crew 钻井班16. drilling engineer钻井工程师17. drilling supervisor 钻井监督18. bit diameter 钻头直径19. bit footage 钻头进尺20. bit position 钻头位置21.casing size 套管尺寸22.hole size 井眼尺寸23.hook position 大钩位置24.kelly - down/in depth 方入深度25.kelly - up 方余26.nozzle size 水眼尺寸27.gas content 气含量28.lea

3、kage 漏失量29.mud volume 泥浆量30.pump stroke 泵冲31.hook load 大钩负荷32.weight on bit 钻压33.bit lift 钻头寿命34.bit time 钻头纯钻时间35.down time 停工时间36.drilling hours 钻进时间37.tripping time 起下钻时间38.annular velocity 环空流速39.pump speed 泵速40.rotary speed 转盘转速41.back pressure 回压42.bottom hole pressure 井底压力名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载

4、 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 20 页 - - - - - - - - - 43.oil reservoir pressure油层压力44.pump pressure 泵压45.shut in casing pressure关井套压46.bit cost钻头成本47.bit type钻头类型48.bit wear钻头磨损49.dog leg ratio狗腿率50.intensity 强度51.sensitivity 灵敏度52.table torque 转盘扭矩53.tong torque 大

5、钳扭矩54.temperature 温度55.wind direction 风向56.one hundred 100 57.well depth 井深58.nine point five feet 9.5 英尺59.Equipment on floor 钻台设备60.air chamber 空气包61.air hoist/winch 气动绞车62.brake lever/handle 刹把63.brake line/staple 刹带64.cantilever 悬臂梁65.cathead line 猫头绳66.cathead 猫头67.catwalk 滑道68.cellar deck/texa

6、s deck 井口甲板69.clutch 离合器70.crown block 天车71.dead line anchor 死绳固定器72.derrick 井架73.dog house 值班室74.drawworks 钻井绞车75.drillers console 司钻控制台76.drilling line 钻井大绳77.drum 滚筒78.equalizing yoke 刹带的平衡杠79.eye plates 吊环80.fast line 快绳81.hole opener 扩眼器82.hook 大钩83.hydraulic catwork 液压猫头84.line reeving 滑车装绳数85

7、.monkey board 猴台86.mouse hole 小鼠洞名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 20 页 - - - - - - - - - 87.ramp 坡道88.rat hole 大鼠洞89.rig floor 钻台90.rotary hose 水龙带91.rotary table 转盘92.setback 立根盒93.steel wire 钢丝绳94.story 库房95.tong bucket 大钳平衡器96.top driver 顶驱97.t

8、raveling block 游车98.admission pipe 进气管99.blow line 扫线管线100.choke line manifold 阻流管汇一、专业词汇汉译英 ：1 导管 conductor 2 灌泥浆管线fill up line 3 高/ 低压管线 high/low pressure line 4 压井管线 kill line 5 泥浆管线 mud line 6 放压管线 relief line 7 立管管汇 stand pipe manifold 8 球阀 ball valve 9 节流阀 chock valve 10 浮阀 float valve 11 旋塞阀

9、plug cock valve 12 调节阀 regulator valve 13 消防泵 fire pump 14 混合泵 mixing pump 15 计量泵 mud supply pump 16 桥塞 bridge plug 17 水泥塞 cement plug 18 钻头 bit 19 钻头水眼bit nozzles 20 母扣 box 21 公扣 pin 22 牙轮 cone 23 变扣接头crossover sub/joint 24 钻铤 drill collar 25 钻杆 drill pipe 26 钻柱 drill stem 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - -

10、- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 20 页 - - - - - - - - - 27 加重钻杆heavy weight drill pipe 28 震击器 jar 29 单根 joint 30 非磁钻铤non-magnetic drilling collar 31 短钻铤 pony drill collar 32 短钻杆 pup joint 33 减震器 shock absorber 34 扶正器 stabilizer 35 立柱 stand 36 三牙轮钻头three-cone bit 37 井眼 wel

11、l bore 38 造斜器 whip stock 39 考克 cock 40 通径规 drift mandrel 41 吊卡 elevator 42 提丝 lifting plug 43 提升短节lifting sub 44 旋扣钳 pipe spinner 45 刮泥器 pipe wiper 46 滑轮 pulley 47 倒档齿轮reverse gear 48 大钳 rig tong 49 钢圈 ring gasket 50 安全卡瓦safety slips 51 卡环 shackle 52 吊索 sling 53 护丝 thread protector 54 大钳牙板tong dies

12、55 石油 p petroleum / oil 56 丝扣油 thread dope 57 温度计 thermometer 58 指重表 weight indicator 59 井位 location 60 缆绳 mooring rope 61 超载 overload 62 晕船 sea sick 63 拖轮 tug 64 套管接箍casing coupling 65 刮管器 casing scraper 66 套管鞋 casing shoe 67 浮箍 float collar 68 中间 ( 技术 ) 套管 intermediate casing 69 挤水泥 squeeze cement

13、 70 打捞 fishing 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 4 页，共 20 页 - - - - - - - - - 71 打捞公锥fishing nipple 72 打捞母锥fishing socket 73 打捞矛 fishing spear 74 反循环打捞篮reverse circulation junk basket 75 卡瓦打捞筒slip socket 76 倒扣，卸扣back off 77 卸开 break out 78 定向钻井directiona

14、l drilling 79 地层测试formation test 80 压井 kill the well 81 扣吊卡 latch the elevator 82 卸扣 break out 83 上扣 make up 84 试压 pressure test 85 侧钻 side tracking 86 滑大绳 slip drilling line 87 开钻 spud in 88 卡钻 stick 89 造扣 thread making 90 井控 well control 91 通井 wipe trip 92 甲板 deck 93 柴油机 diesel engine 94 出口 outlet

15、 95 进口 inlet 96 电话 telephone 97 变压器 transformer 98 救生衣 life jacket 99 救生艇 lifeboat 100灭火器 extinguisher 二、阅读理解： (True or False) （一）One thing is certain: a substantialreduction in Irans energy output would have a significant impact on global oil prices. Iran is the fourth-largest oil exporter in the w

16、orld, behind only Saudi Arabia, Russia, and Norway. It sells more than 2.5 Million barrels a day and is believed to have about 10 percent of the world s proven reserves. Many analysts say a supply cut could combine with other market pressures to quickly drive prices up to $80 to $100 a barrel. Is ei

17、ther side bluffing? Iran s threat to pull oil off the market is not an empty one, Iran s leaders, who want to visibly assert their defiance of the West, needdomestic support for the regime, and divides international opinion, have only the country s energy exports with which to influence the outcome

18、of the diplomatic 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 5 页，共 20 页 - - - - - - - - - conflict. Of course, were Iran to completely cut off its oil supply, it would badly damageits own economy. In addition, a total shutdown would harm many of Iran s friends, t

19、hough it would also increase oil income for those who are net exporters of oil, such as Russia and other OPEC members. But there are a number of incremental steps Iran can take that would rattle those who depend on affordable energy without sinking its own economy. If Iran cut 200,000 to 300,000 bar

20、rels a day, oil markets would react not only to the fall in supply but also to fears of what Tehran might do next. 1. Iran s leaders need domestic support for the regime and divide international opinion. (T ) 2. Russia is believed to have about 10 percent of the worlds proven reserves.（ F ）3. If Ira

21、n cut 200,000 to 300,000 barrels a day, oil markets would react not only to the rise in supply but also to fears of what Tehran might do next. ( T ) 4. A substantialreduction in Iran s energy outputwould have a significant impact on global oil prices. ( T )（二） With exploration, drilling, and complet

22、ion costs, the well represents a substantial investment, and the produced oil or gas is a continuous source of revenue. To abandon the well would mean that the investment is insolvent and the well is not producing revenue, this is not a desirable situation. Consequently, in most companies a concerte

23、d effort id made to maintain the well on production as long as it has the potential for producing oil or gas. Before repairing a well, there is no guarantee that the well will produce after the work is performed a risk involved on workovers. To minimize the inherent risk of well repairs, the intelli

24、gent diagnosis if what is wrong with the well, coupled with a sound repair plane is essential. 1.The investment in the oil is tremendous, including exploration, drilling, completion. (T)2.To abandon the well is the last choice if necessary. (T)3.So long as the well is maintained, the oil well contin

25、ues production. (F)4.Even though the oil or gas can flow into the casing after it is perforated,usually,the well is not produced through the casing.( T)（三）The main function of a rotary rig is to drill a hole, or as it is known in the industry, to make hole. Making hole with a rotary rig requires not

26、 only qualified personnel, but a lot of equipment as well. In order to learn about the components that it takes to make hole, it is convenient to divide them into four main systems: power, hoisting, rotating, and circulating. Various components comprise the last three systems, but 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎

27、下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 6 页，共 20 页 - - - - - - - - - all require power to make them work. 1.The main function of the rotary rig is to drill or make the hole.(T) 2.Making hole with rotary rig requires the qualified personal , not needing so much equipment .(F)3.T

28、he components of rig to make hole is divided into four systems. (T) 4.Of the four systems, power is very crucial to the other three, for they all require power to operate. (T) ( 四 ) A rig, depending on its size and how deep a hole it must drill, may have from two to four engines. Naturally, the bigg

29、er the rig, the deeper it can drill and the more power it will need. Thus, the big rigs have three or four engines, all of them together developing up to 3000 or more horsepower. Of course, once all the horsepower is develop, it must be sent, or transmitted, to the components to be put to work. Two

30、common methods are used to transfer the power electrical and mechanical. 1、The number of the engines depends on the rigs size and depth of the hole to be drilled. (T) 2、There is only one method to transfer the power. (F) 3、The needed power has nothing to do with the size of the rig. (F) 4、The power

31、of the big rig , with three or four engines, can amount to 3000 or more horsepower. (T) （五）Diamond bits function the same as drag bits, particularly in the fact that both weight and rotary speed are directly related to drilling speed. The diamonds must be kept clean and cool, this hydraulic effort i

32、s just as important for diamond bit performance as when using roller bits. Under some condition diamond bits can drill almost as fast as roller types. They will often stay in good condition times longer, thus hole cost foot will be less notwithstanding the higher price of the diamond bit. Analysis o

33、f performance using total cost per foot is important regardless of the type of bits employed. 1、Drilling Speed has direct impact on the weight of the bits and the rotary speed.（T）2、Diamond Bits can function the same with roller bits under any condition. （ F）3、This is no specific requirement for the

34、kept condition of the diamond bits. （ F）4、Only for the diamond bits, the analysis of performance using total cost foot is 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 7 页，共 20 页 - - - - - - - - - important.（F）( 六 ) Drilling fluid - mud - is usually a mixture of wat

35、er, clay, weighting material, and a few chemicals. Sometimes oil may be used instead of water, or a little oil is added to the water to fice the mud certain desirable properties. Drilling mud serves several very important functions. Mud is used to raise the cuttings made by the bit and lift them to

36、the surface for disposal. But equally important, mud also provides a means for keeping underground pressures in check. Since a hole full of drilling mud exerts pressure (just as a swimming pool full of water exerts pressure, which is why a persons ears sometimes hurt when he dives to the bottom in t

37、he deep end of a pool), the mud pressure can be used to contain pressure in a formation. The heavier or denser the mud is, the more pressure it exerts. Weighting materials - barite is the most popular - are added to the mud to make it exert as much pressure as needed to contain formation pressures.

38、Clay is added to the mud so that it can keep the bit cuttings in suspension as they move up the hole. The clay also sheaths the wall of the hole. This thin veneer of clay called wall cake makes the hole stable so it will not cave in or slough (pronounced sluff). Numerous chemicals are available to g

39、ive the mud the exact properties it needs to make it as easy as possible to drill the hole. (1)Drilling fluid is the mixture of water and clay. （F）(2)The main functions of mud are to lift the cutting to the surface and check the underground pressure. （T）(3)Weighting material is added to mud to set o

40、ff the pressure in formation. （T）(4)Water is the only media of the mud . （F）( 七 ) The drilling fluid that course through the system also provides the first line of defense against blowouts. A blowout can be an impressive sight. Gas, oil, or salt water spews into the air with a tremendous roar. If ga

41、s is present, the whole thing will probably be on fire, and the rig will lie as a melted, twisted mass of junk. Human lives are threatened; pollution may occur; precious oil or gas are wasted; and a rig worth many thousands or even millions oil or dollars may be a total loss. Obviously, it is very d

42、esirable not to allow blowouts, and, in fact, not many occur. But, because a blowout is often a spectacular show and human lives are sometimes lost, a blowout often becomes a media event. Unfortunately, the impression may linger that blowouts are not the rarity they actually are. In reality, rig cre

43、ws go to great lengths to see that the well they are drilling remains under control and dose not get away from them. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 8 页，共 20 页 - - - - - - - - - (1) The rig crew should keep his eye on the well to make it under control.

44、 （T）(2) The blowout will get the public attention, for it will exert great impact on the society. （T）(3) The drilling fluid has the defective function against the blowouts. （T）(4) Though there is the risk of blow out, people can do little to make up for it. （ F）( 八 ) The recovery operation of stuck

45、pipe, packers, and loose equipment in a well is generally termed “fishing”. A “ fish ” is part of a string or any other sizable piece of metal that might be loose in a well. Small pieces, such as a bit cone, a wrench, or any other relatively small, non-drillable item, are called junk. In any case, w

46、henever there is junk or a fish in the hole, it must be removed or fished out so that drilling operations can continue. The trouble might be caused by mechanical failure, corrosion, or abrasion. Any mechanical equipment run into a well, operated under heavy stress, may fail sooner or later despite c

47、are of manufacture, handling, and installation. The tools and techniques for fishing have been modified and improved as the drilling and well service industries have developed. The fishing tool trade today utilizes highly skilled personnel, sophisticated tools, and optional methods. Fishing for equi

48、pment lost in a well is an engineering techniques that requires knowledge of the various procedures and mechanical stresses that can be applied without resulting tool failure and further complications. Almost every fishing job presents special problems that require careful analysis and exercise of g

49、ood judgment at each step in the procedure. It is absolutely necessary for a fishing tool operator to have full working knowledge of his tools and related devices. There is no substitute for experience in this work. Before a fishing job can begin, the string must be tripped out of the hole. First, t

50、he Kelly is broken out and is set in the rat-hole. Then the string is broken out in stands and stands are stood back on the rig floor. When all of the stands are stood back, the fishing can begin. The tool-pusher usually takes charges of the fishing operation. (1) A “fish ” may be part of a string o